The speed of an electric vehicle depends not only on voltage, but also on many factors such as current, motor power, vehicle weight, control system, drive system, etc. If a 72V electric vehicle has a smaller current, lower motor power, larger vehicle weight, poor control system, and less efficient drive system, then its speed may be slower than that of a 60V electric vehicle, with larger current, higher motor power, smaller vehicle weight, better control system, and more efficient drive system.
Electric vehicles are an environmentally friendly, convenient and economical means of travel, which is loved by the majority of consumers. However, have you ever wondered why some electric vehicles have higher voltage, but they can't outperform lower voltage electric vehicles?What is the relationship between voltage and speed of an electric car?
1. The relationship between voltage and speed of electric vehicles.
The relationship between voltage and speed of an electric vehicle is not simply proportional, that is, the higher the voltage, the faster the speed, which is a misconception. The speed of an electric vehicle is also affected by a number of other factors, such as current, motor power, vehicle weight, control system, drive system, etc. Let's take a look at the role of each of these factors.
2. Current. Electric current refers to the flow of electrons in a conductor and is measured in amperes (a). The magnitude of the current determines the power of the electric vehicle, that is, the acceleration performance. The higher the current, the stronger the power and the faster the acceleration.
The magnitude of the current is affected by the capacity and internal resistance of the battery, the larger the capacity of the battery, the greater the current, and the smaller the internal resistance, the greater the current. The capacity of the battery is generally expressed in ampere-hours (AH), such as a 60V20AH battery, which means that under the condition of 60V, it can continuously output a current of 20A for one hour.
The internal resistance of the battery refers to the resistance inside the battery, which causes the loss of electrical energy, resulting in a decrease in the current. The internal resistance of the battery is affected by the material, structure, temperature and other factors of the battery, and generally speaking, the internal resistance of the battery increases with the aging of the battery.
3. Motor power.
Motor power refers to the power output of the motor in watts (W). The power of the motor determines the maximum speed of the electric vehicle, which is the top speed. The more powerful the motor, the faster the top speed. The magnitude of the motor power is affected by the voltage and current, the higher the voltage and current, the greater the motor power. The formula for calculating the motor power is p=u i, where p is the motor power, u is the voltage, and i is the current. For example, an electric vehicle with a voltage of 60V and a current of 20A has a motor power of 60 20 = 1200W.
4. Vehicle weight.
Vehicle weight refers to the weight of an electric vehicle in kilograms (kg). The weight of the vehicle affects the speed performance of the electric vehicle, which is also known as inertia. The heavier the vehicle, the greater the inertia, and the more difficult it is to increase or decrease the speed. The size of the vehicle's weight is affected by the weight of the frame, battery, tires, and other components, generally speaking, the stronger the frame, the more batteries, the larger the tires, and the greater the weight of the vehicle.
5. Control system.
The control system refers to the controller and electric gate of the electric vehicle, which are the brain of the electric vehicle and are responsible for regulating the power and speed of the motor. The control system affects the speed performance of the electric vehicle, i.e. the sensitivity. The better the control system, the higher the sensitivity, and the easier it is to adjust the speed. The quality of the control system is affected by the performance of the controller and the sensitivity of the gate, generally speaking, the more advanced the controller, the more accurate the gate, the better the control system.
6. Drive system.
The drive system refers to the electric motor, drive chain, rear wheel and other components of the electric vehicle, which are the muscles of the electric vehicle and are responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. The drive system affects the speed performance of an electric vehicle, i.e. its efficiency. The more efficient the drive system, the more efficient and faster it is. The efficiency of the drive system is affected by factors such as the type of motor, the material of the transmission chain, the size of the rear wheel, etc., generally speaking, the more brushless the motor, the lighter the transmission chain, and the smaller the rear wheel, the more efficient the drive system.