There is a joke circulating among Internet divers that ridicules those who don't like to learn English once complained about Qin Shi Huang: "Give my brother Zheng a map of the world, and there will be no foreign languages from now on." Although it is a joke, it reflects the shallowness of people's knowledge of geography in the pre-Qin period.
However, it was impossible for the First Emperor of the Ages to expand his territory externally. Today's 9.6 million square kilometers of land have evolved into this state, which stems from a thousand-year-long feudal history. In the course of historical changes, the scope of any country's territory is not static.
Our country has a long history, with the change of dynasties, and the area and scope of the country have changed dramatically. In the Song Dynasty, science flourished, representing a high degree of economic development. However, the superior's preference for literature to restrain force led to the Song Dynasty setting a record for the smallest land area in all dynasties.
The small size of the Song Dynasty was closely related to the two major ethnic minority states. In the north, the Liao state rose to prominence, founded by the Khitans, and ruled for more than 200 years. The historical roots of the Khitan people can be traced back to the beginning of the establishment of the dynasty.
During the Tang Dynasty, the Khitans had ambitions to invade the Central Plains, but they stopped in front of the powerful ** and warriors of the Tang Dynasty. After the decline of the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, which emphasized literature and suppressed military force, provided opportunities for the Khitans to develop rapidly.
It is worth mentioning that Liao Taizu Yelu Abaoji and Empress Dowager Xiao made significant contributions to the establishment and stable development of the Liao State. Yelu Abaoji was born a legend, and inherited the position of prime minister when he became an adult and began his career in battle. And Empress Dowager Xiao was the hero of the steady development of the Liao State, and her regency period was the peak of the development of the Liao State.
However, the excessively affluent life wore out the bravery of the Khitans. With the rise of the Jin State, the Liao State withdrew from the stage of history. In the far north, the Jurchen hero Wanyan Aguta rose to prominence and established the Jin Dynasty.
Wanyan Aguta showed remarkable qualities as a child, and he showed exceptional martial arts and military talent at a young age. He established the Jin Dynasty, led the Jurchens to rise up against the Liao, and founded a new state. However, the early death of the hero and the inevitable decline of the Jin Kingdom.
Although the Jin Kingdom did not exist for a long time, the merits of Wanyan Aguda were outstanding. However, the emperors of the later generations of the Jin State were not disrespectful, which led to the decline of the Jin State.
Ethnic minority countries often share similar common problems, such as emphasizing military force over civility. The steppe peoples rose to prominence on the battlefield in the era of cold weapons with their excellent cavalry, but in order to maintain their rule, they often resorted to suppressing other peoples.
Compared with the Han people, the nomadic people are not good at planting, and their living environment is not suitable for the growth of plants. The cold climate of the Northeast region has created a fierce temperament of the Jurchen and Khitan people.
The rise of the Jin and Liao kingdoms was closely related to the development of the times. Although the two countries had obvious shortcomings, such as the affluent life weakened the Khitans' prowess, the heavy culture over military governance, and the repressive means of other ethnic groups. However, these questions also leave a valuable lesson for history.
In the long river of history, the glory and vicissitudes of the nomads in the Northeast are intertwined into a magnificent picture. The millennium makes us think deeply about the rise of heroes and the smoke of the past in this land.
Through a review of the history of the nomadic peoples in Northeast China, this article presents the rise and fall of the Liao and Jin states, as well as the social, cultural, and military factors behind them. After reading it, I deeply felt the richness and complexity of history, and also gained a deeper understanding of the history of the Tohoku region.
First of all, through the description of the prosperity of Song Dynasty, the article points out the impact of the policy of emphasizing literature over military force on the land area. This made me think about how the differences in the governance philosophies of different dynasties affected the rise and fall of countries. The Song Dynasty's philosophy of governance led to a reduction in the size of the country, which was closely related to the rise of the Liao and Jin states. This also reflects the attitude of different dynasties in history towards the way of civil and military affairs, and the profound impact of this attitude on the development of the country.
Secondly, through the introduction of the historical origins and leaders of the Khitan and Jurchen ethnic groups, the paper shows the role of these two ethnic minorities in the historical evolution. In particular, the wisdom and bravery of Yelu Abaoji and Wanyan Aguta, two outstanding leaders, laid the foundation for the rise of the Khitan and Jurchen tribes. It reminds me of the many heroes of history whose deeds and decisions have shaped the fate of entire eras.
In addition, when the article talks about the existence of the Jin and Liao kingdoms, it mentions the expression "heroes who came out of the cold land". This resonates with me, and many national heroes in history have indeed emerged in harsh environments, and their tenacity and wisdom have transcended the limitations of the times. It also made me reflect on the enormous impact of the environment on the development of human history, and the pressure of the living environment may be the catalyst for the stimulation of human potential.
Finally, the article criticizes some of the methods of domination adopted by ethnic minority countries, and points out the shortcomings of these methods in the long-term stability of the country. This reminds me of the issue of some historical power rule, the equal treatment and tolerance of different ethnic groups, and the crucial importance of governance to the long-term stability of the country.
Overall, this article was very informative and gave me a deeper understanding of the history of the nomads of the Northeast through a review of historical events. In the long course of complex and changeable history, the rise and fall of each country and nation has its own unique reasons and lessons, which also provides a useful reference for us to understand the world today.
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