Elizabeth II, who ruled for seventy years, set a sign of the times in British history that cannot be ignored. Her reign was comparable to that of King Louis XIV of France and King Rama IX of Thailand. However, is the British monarch really as "pampered" as she appears?Today, we will delve into the power of the British monarch from a historical perspective.
In 1689, the promulgation of the Bill of Rights marked the evolution of the English monarchy from a ** monarchy to a constitutional monarchy. Although the British never officially recognized the Bill of Rights as a constitution, it established the actual powers of the British crown. Lao Feng summarized nine key powers through literature research, and we analyzed them one by one.
The right to open Parliament: Every May, the King has the right to open Parliament. Although it was only a symbolic ceremony, the King could not refuse. The opening ceremony of parliament in May this year, which was unable to attend in person due to the old lady's health, was represented by Crown Prince Charles.
Power to enact laws: All English laws are enacted in the name of the British Crown, so the promulgation of laws requires the "approval" of the British Crown, although this is largely a political practice. The Crown has not exercised its veto since Queen Anne vetoed the Militia Act passed by the Scottish Parliament in 1708.
The power to appoint Prime Ministers and Ministers: The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is directly elected by the House of Commons, but must be appointed by the Crown. Not being appointed by the British king will trigger a constitutional crisis, with the recent appointment of Truss being the exception, and the death of the British king shortly after.
Right to consult: The crown has the right to consult in decision-making, although she does not intervene directly in matters. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is required to report to the Crown on a weekly basis** decisions, and as Head of State, the King has a right to know about the country.
The right to warn: Although it is not possible to express a political position in public, the Crown may use the right of warning in times of national crisis. In the 2014 Scottish independence crisis, for example, the Queen's voice suppressed the momentum for independence.
The right to declare bells: Although the actual power is exercised by the Prime Minister and the Secretary of State for Defence, the right to declare bells remains firmly in the hands of the British Crown. The most recent example is the Battle of the Anglo-Argentine Islands, where the Queen ordered a declaration of war.
Pardon power: The Crown has the power of "royal pardon" for those convicted of crimes, although it is rarely exercised. Most recently, in 2001, the Queen granted amnesty to two prisoners who had been granted amnesty for helping prison workers.
The power to dissolve Parliament: Although the Parliament and the Prime Minister are nominally accountable to the Crown, in practice the Parliament has independent legislative powers. However, the dissolution of Parliament is a power of the British Crown under the British Constitution, and has not been used since the dissolution of Parliament by William IV in 1830.
Consultation: The British monarch must consult the Prime Minister on certain matters, although the decision is in the hands of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. However, the king could put pressure on the prime minister on certain matters, as was demonstrated in the Opium War of 1840.
In addition to these political powers, the British crown also enjoys privileges such as freedom from nationality, driver's license, taxation, and prosecution. In the long history of Britain, the changes of monarchy have drawn a rich and profound picture, and Elizabeth II has become a unique stroke in this historical picture.
This essay on the evolution of the Queen's power provides an in-depth analysis of the evolution of monarchy over the course of history, with a particular focus on the power structure during the reign of Elizabeth II. From the perspective of political power, the article provides a detailed analysis of the duties and rights of the British monarchy in different aspects, so that readers have a clearer understanding of the British monarchy.
First, the article highlights the enactment of the Bill of Rights of 1689, which transformed England from a monarchy to a constitutional monarchy. Although the Bill of Rights was not officially recognized as a constitution in the United Kingdom, it established the actual powers of the British crown and opened the way for the evolution of the monarch's power. This is crucial to understanding the evolution of the British political system, and the article systematically sorts out the nine key powers through the summary of historical documents, providing readers with an in-depth historical background.
Secondly, the article highlights the powers of the Queen of England, including the power to open Parliament, the power to enact laws, and the power to appoint the Prime Minister and Ministers. Through detailed examples, such as the Queen's inability to refuse the opening of Parliament and the need for the Queen's "approval" to enact laws, the article vividly shows how these powers are manifested in practice. This makes it easier for readers to understand the place of British monarchs in modern politics and the role they play in decision-making.
The article also interprets specific powers in place, such as the right to warn, the right to declare war, the right to amnesty, etc., and vividly shows the practical use of these powers through the citation of historical cases. In particular, the Queen's authority played a key role in events such as the Scottish independence crisis and the Battle of the Anglo-Argentine Islands, further highlighting the authority and importance of the monarch at special historical moments.
Finally, the article ends with a clever mention of a series of privileges that the queen enjoys, such as freedom from nationality, driver's license, taxes, prosecution, etc. This section not only brings the article to a perfect conclusion, but also gives the reader a more comprehensive understanding of the special position of the British monarch in law and life.
Overall, the essay brings to life the evolution of the Queen's power with an in-depth historical analysis and a clear structure. Through the layer-by-layer analysis of power, readers gain a deeper understanding of the multiple political, legal, and social roles of the British monarch, providing a useful historical perspective for understanding the evolution of the British political system.
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