The UK Supreme Court said in a ruling that AI cannot be named in a patent as the inventor of a new idea or product, in our opinion'Inventor'Must be a natural person. Only a human being can devise an invention. However, the ruling has also raised questions about artificial intelligence.
Because of the risk factors of artificial intelligence, EU countries have also repeatedly discussed the regulation of artificial intelligence. Last week, the European Union reached a preliminary agreement on the provisions of the Artificial Intelligence Act. Hailed as the world's first comprehensive legislation for AI, the bill was first introduced in 2021. In the years since, the rapid development of AI has led to various divisions in the EU's regulatory program.
France, Germany and Italy oppose the plan for binding rules, which they fear will hinder innovation and domestic business. The three proposed to comply with the code of conduct instead.
EU lawmakers want an outright ban, while countries are calling for exemptions.
Legislators reached a provisional agreement on the principles of the bill, which centers what they call a risk-based approach. This follows a hierarchical category structure:
Minimal risk- As an AI-enabled recommendation system or spam filter. Free of charge, no obligation.
High risk— Critical infrastructure, medical equipment, access to educational institutions or recruitment of personnel, law enforcement, etc. Compliance is required, including risk mitigation systems, high-quality data sets, activity logging, detailed documentation, human oversight, and a high level of robustness and cybersecurity.
Unacceptable risk- The bill would prohibit regimes that are considered to pose a clear threat to the fundamental rights of the people. This includes "AI systems or applications that manipulate human behavior to circumvent the user's free will." For example, a company's social score, or a system that "classifies people in real time." However, there is a "narrow exception" to remote biometrics for law enforcement purposes.
Specific transparency risks— Users need to be aware that they are interacting with AI, and deepfake or AI-generated content must be flagged as such.
As is customary in the EU Technical Regulations, those who do not comply are subject to hefty fines. These costs range from €35 million (or 7% of annual global turnover, whichever is higher) to 75 million euros (or 1..)5%) to provide error messages.
The bill also decides to create a new European Office for Artificial Intelligence within the European Commission. Meanwhile, EU industry chief Thierry Breton said the bill is not just a rulebook, but also "a springboard for EU startups and researchers to lead the global AI race."
However, it is estimated that it will be a long time before the law officially takes effect.
For AI patent applications, the European Patent Office (EPO) and the United Kingdom Intellectual Property Office (UKIPO) rejected the application on the grounds that the inventor must be a human, not a machine. However, according to some experts, the issuance of machine patents may not be as absurd as some claim. Some commented that "to become an AI superpower, legislative intervention may be needed to allow patents for inventions created by AI departments."
However, for the rapid development of artificial intelligence, countries are also actively exploring and combining their own circumstances to carry out legislative control. Start planning for my 2024