How to eat to enhance children's immunity and resist the invasion of diseases?How to regulate the child who has been recruited to improve the condition and improve the condition as soon as possibleWhat are some TCM diet tips to help with recovery?These are all issues that parents are very concerned about. At the recent press conference of the National Health Commission on the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in winter, a number of experts gave very detailed answers.
How should the child be conditioned in the process?
Wu Liqun, Director of the Department of Pediatrics, East Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine: After being infected with respiratory diseases, children often have symptoms such as cough in addition to fever. After the corresponding anti-infective and anti-viral**, cough symptoms are often left, and some children's cough and sputum symptoms will last for a long time.
In the later stage of the disease, if the cough lasts for a long time, TCM conditioning can use the method of dietary therapy.
When coughing, phlegm, and white phlegm is thin, you can use tangerine peel and ginger to stew pears. Wash the fresh pears, do not peel them, dig out the pear pits, add shredded tangerine peel and ginger in the middle of the pears, put them in a bowl and steam them with water, drink soup and eat pears. Tangerine peel has a good effect of drying and dampness and expectorant, ginger has the effect of warming the lungs and dissolving phlegm, and pear has the effect of moistening the lungs and reducing fire.
If the child has a dry cough and little phlegm, you can use lily and Chuanbei to stew pears. Both lilies and Chuanbei have the effect of nourishing yin and moisturizing the lungs. In addition, massage, massage and other methods can also play a certain role.
How can patients with respiratory diseases eat to improve their condition?
Yu Kang, Director of the Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing: If the patient has restricted eating, cannot eat at all, or although he can eat, the amount of food he eats is significantly reduced than usual, for example, 30% or even 50% less than usual, which has lasted for two days, this situation should be supplemented with oral nutritional supplements under the guidance of professional doctors, including formula food for special medical purposes and oral enteral nutrition preparations.
For some people who are chronically undernourished or have a low body weight for a long time, it is especially important to emphasize the supplementation of high-quality protein. For long-term vegetarians with a low intake of animal foods, in addition to the oral nutritional supplements mentioned earlier, some protein supplements can also be added specifically. If there is an intestinal flora disorder, probiotics and prebiotics should be selected to improve the intestinal microbiota under the guidance of a doctor or clinical nutritionist.
In addition, it is necessary to strengthen nutritional monitoring throughout the process of disease prevention and control, including body weight, food intake, water and electrolytes, etc.
How to eat to boost immunity?
Yu Kang, Director of the Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing: Nutritional support is very important for the immune system. During the high incidence of respiratory diseases in winter, adhering to a good diet can help strengthen one's own immunity.
First, an important prerequisite for a reasonable diet is food variety. The "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022)" proposes that ** more than 12 kinds of foods should be consumed every day and more than 25 kinds of foods should be consumed every week, and try to mix them reasonably in three meals. Cooking together as a family helps to diversify the diet.
Second, make sure you're getting enough high-quality protein. Try to choose foods and cooking methods that are high in protein and relatively low in fat, such as steamed fish and shrimp, skimmed or low-fat milk, tenderloin, and skinless poultry. Divide the three meals evenly, each meal reaches a protein intake of 25-30 grams.
Third, ensure a fresh and adequate intake of vegetables and fruits. From a quantitative point of view, the total daily vegetable intake should be 300 500 grams, and the food should be diversified, especially some dark vegetables such as tomatoes, red cabbage, broccoli, carrots, bell peppers, etc. In layman's terms, it means "having vegetables at every meal and eating fruits every day".
Fourth, drink plenty of water every day. Try to drink 1500 to 2000 ml of water a day. Choose plain water, mineral water, and weak tea as much as possible, and do not choose all kinds of sugary drinks.
Fifth, maintain a healthy, reasonable weight. This is an important foundation for maintaining good immunity. It is recommended to achieve a balance between eating and moving, maintain good living habits, and maintain a regular work and rest.
What should I pay attention to in terms of diet for home care of children?
Yang Jinghua, Director of the Department of Pediatrics of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine: When children with respiratory diseases are nursing at home, their diet should be rich and nutritious, light and easy to digest, appropriate intake of vegetables, melons and fruits, and avoid unhealthy diets.
Drinking cold can hurt the lungs" Raw and cold food can easily hurt the lungs, so children with cough should avoid eating ice cream, cold drinks and too much melons and fruits.
"The lungs are more delicate, so avoid hot and spicy foods, such as chili peppers and french fries.
Fat and greasy hurt the spleen and stomach" The child's spleen and stomach function is relatively weak, especially during illness, and the digestive function will decline. In this state, the child's food must be easy to digest, and the intake of desserts or drinks should be minimized. Children infected with respiratory diseases should pay attention to adequate hydration and should not completely replace water with fruit juice. Most fruits are cold, and consuming too much of them may make your child's cough prolonged.
The care of the first stage of the disease should follow the same dietary principles, avoid raw and cold seafood, fatty and sweet, and do not make up too early. Supplementing too early will allow the evil energy to stay in the body, which is not conducive to disease**.
In addition, there are some small ways to promote the recovery of children's spleen and stomach function. If your child's appetite is not good, you can use grain sprouts, malt, and hawthorn boiled water to appetize and strengthen the spleen and promote digestion.
Column: Special Tutor 1546 issue.
*: Students & Health.
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