With the popularization and development of the Internet, IP addresses play a vital role as the basic element of network communication. Cross-network activities are becoming more and more frequent in daily life and work, and understanding the relationship between IP addresses and cross-networks is an essential knowledge for every network user.
The relationship between IP addresses and networks is inextricably linked.
An IP address is an abbreviation for Internet Protocol address, which is a numerical label used to identify a computer on a network. In a network, each computer has a unique IP address that is used to identify and locate that computer in the network.
A network refers to a technology that connects multiple computers so that they can communicate with each other and share resources. In a network, communication between computers needs to be achieved through a series of protocols and technologies, of which IP protocol is one of the most important protocols.
A single IP address does not connect directly to the Internet. It needs to be processed by routers and switches to realize the transmission of data packets.
A router is a device that connects to different networks and is capable of sending data packets from one network to another based on IP address. The main functions of a router include routing, Network Address Translation (NAT), firewall, and more. In home and small business environments, routers often integrate a broadband modem that provides users with both wireless and wired network connectivity.
A switch, on the other hand, is a network device that connects multiple devices to a single network. Each port of the switch can be directly connected to a device such as a computer, printer, etc. The main function of the switch is to provide high-speed data transmission and allow multiple devices to communicate at the same time.
The network number of all hosts under the same network is the same, and several LANs connected by ** device or bridge are still one network because their network IDs are the same.
The router does not care about the host number of the destination address, because the host in a LAN is a network number, so the router can find which LAN the target machine is in.
For a host to be connected to two networks, the host must have both corresponding IP addresses. A router connects to at least two networks so that it can transfer IP datagrams from one network** to the other. Therefore, a router should have at least two IP addresses, one IP address for each interface. Across different networks.
The machines next to it are all 192168.1.x, I have to configure a 16158.23.6. Is this okay?
Let's say you configure 16158.23.6. Now we want to send a message to 192168.1.6. Since they are not in the same network segment, there is no way to find 192 directly through ARP168.1.6. It can only be sent to the router gateway of this network first, but because the address of the gateway is 192168.1.1. Therefore, it is impossible for your machine to let you configure the network successfully, because the gateway must be in the same network segment as at least one network card of the current network, so on the whole, there is no way to configure it casually.
Identify a computer: Each computer has a unique IP address in the network that identifies that computer. Through the IP address, we can know the location of the computer in the network and the connection relationship with other computers.
Routing and **: In the network, packets need to be routed through the router and **. The router uses the IP address to determine the packet's destination and sends the packet to the correct path.
Services and applications: Many web services and applications require IP addresses to identify and access specific computers or services. For example, web servers, email servers, database servers, etc., all require IP addresses to accept and respond to requests.
Network configuration and management: IP addresses are also very important in the configuration and management of networks. Administrators need to assign a unique IP address to each network device for management and monitoring in the network.
When planning a network in a data center or an office, the first thing is that the network administrator plans the network segment, which is generally planned according to the number of machines to be accommodated in the future. If you are in a small company and you don't have a few machines in total, for a private address, you generally choose 192168.0.0 24 is fine. At this time, the first thing to have is the network number. 192.168.0 is the network number. With the network number, the subnet mask is also available, that is, the previous network number is 1, the others are 0, and the broadcast address is also available, except for the network number, it is 1. When the network is planned, the first and second addresses in the network are usually occupied by the default gateway DHCP server, and the machine you create yourself can be configured as long as it does not conflict with the others, and of course you can also let the DHCP service be automatically configured.