Li Siguang founded geomechanics, successfully found oil, and threw off the hat of "oil-poor country".
** Humorously said to Li Siguang: "Old Li, you have done a good job in Tai Chi!."Li Siguang couldn't figure it out for a while, didn't understand the meaning of ***, and hurriedly explained seriously: "I learned Tai Chi in Hangzhou for a while, but I didn't play well. * smiled and said, "It's your geomechanics Tai Chi!"Li Siguang suddenly realized that the Tai Chi that he was talking about refers to Li Siguang and everyone working together to get rid of the hat of "oil-poor country" for the motherland according to geomechanics.
Li Siguang was born in Huanggang County, Hubei Province in 1889 and studied geology in England. In 1920, he politely refused to be retained by his British teacher and resolutely returned to China to become a professor in the Department of Geology of Peking University. Since then, he has traveled all over the mountains and rivers of Fuguo to investigate various land types, collect various geological specimens, and discover the remains of Quaternary glaciers in China.
In April 1949, Guo Moruo, according to the instructions of the Communist Party of China, brought a letter to Li Siguang, asking him to return to China as soon as possible and contribute to the geological science of the motherland. In April 1950, Li Siguang and his wife returned to Beijing and were warmly welcomed under the careful arrangement of the South China Military and Political Commission, despite the obstruction of imperialism and the Kuomintang authorities.
The day after Li Siguang arrived in Beijing, ** visited Li Siguang and his wife and asked him to "carry a heavier burden for New China."
In June 1950, Li Siguang attended the Second Session of the First National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference held in Beijing as vice president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and cordially received Li Siguang and other representatives. He specially greeted Li Siguang and said, "Mr. Li Siguang, you are back, welcome to you." Your speech at the CPPCC is well done!This is the first time Li Siguang has seen ***, and he was moved and encouraged by the sincerity, humility and enthusiasm of the leader. **I also began to study the achievements of Li Siguang's research on geological science.
The year 1953 was the beginning of China's first five-year plan, and with the development of industry and agriculture, oil was urgently needed on all fronts. One day, Zhou Xianglai and other major leaders invited Li Siguang, Minister of Geology, to Zhongnanhai and said: Oil is indispensable for the construction of New ChinaFlying in the air, running on the ground, sailing in the water, you can't turn without oil!He did not believe in evil and asked with some concern: "Professor Li, is there any oil in China?"”
**There is a deep-seated reason for asking Li Siguang such a question. At that time, most geologists at home and abroad were pessimistic about China's oil resources. The root cause lies in the imperialist scholars' view of China as an "oil-poor country."
From 1915 to 1917, the U.S. Mobil Oil Company drilled seven deep wells in northern Shaanxi and spent more than $3 million, but the results were nothing. In 1922, Professor Wild of Stanford University went to China again to investigate geology and put forward the argument that "China is poor in oil". This theory has always affected the development of geological science theory in China, and has affected that China's petroleum survey work is limited to the northwest, and has not made significant progress.
When this question was raised to Li Siguang, the premier and other leading comrades present focused their attention on Li Siguang, hoping that he would give a reasoned and well-founded answer, and everyone was looking forward to ......
Based on his more than 30 years of research on geomechanics and the theory of geological tectonic system that he founded, especially the study of sediments with economic value in the East China Sea and North China (actually referring to oil), Li Siguang answered the questions in an optimistic and very positive tone, saying that the prospect of China's natural oil is promising.
From the viewpoint of the new Chinese tectonic system, he analyzed China's geological conditions to leading comrades and held that the reserves of natural oil resources are abundant in China's vast territory. In particular, the Neo-Huaxia subsidence zone in the east has good oil production and storage conditions, and the Songliao Plain and Beibu Gulf in the northeast, as well as the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea.
Li Siguang did not agree with the theory that "China is poor in oil" at all, and proposed that we should open up the situation of oil exploration confined to the northwest corner, and carry out petroleum geological survey work in the Songliao Plain, the North China Plain, and even the whole country, so as to find out a few oil-bearing areas with great hope and wide areas.
**, and the leading comrades present, while listening to the lecture, they kept nodding their heads, and a smile gradually appeared on their faces. After discussion and study, they adopted Li Siguang's proposal to carry out petroleum geological survey work nationwide and made a major policy decision to carry out petroleum geological survey and exploration.
To carry out the work of oil survey and exploration throughout the country is an arduous project involving a wide range of areas, which requires a large number of manpower and financial resources to be invested, as well as the full cooperation of many departments. ** While paying close attention to the work of the Ministry of Geology, we also grasp the work of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry. In September 1955, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry was approved to send a delegation to the Soviet Union for study and study. After several months of study and investigation, the delegation returned to China on the eve of the Spring Festival in 1956.
Minister Li Jukui of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry and Vice Minister of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry went to Zhongnanhai Qinzheng Hall to report, and asked questions to the reporter from time to time, first asking how to divide the geological ageAnd how is oil generated?Again, how does China find oil?** They answered one by one, and focused on reporting the petroleum geological exploration in Northwest China, saying that the Laojunmiao oilfield in Yumen and a deep well in Karamay, Xinjiang have produced oilIn addition, the vast areas of the Songliao Basin in Northeast China and the North China Plain are all promising areas for oil prospecting, but at present there is a lack of exploration means, and preparations are being made.
**Listened to the *** report said: Americans say that China has old geology and no oil, and it seems that at least Xinjiang and Gansu are available;Well, Ministry of Oil, you can also give us some hope. This is the encouragement of the Ministry of Petroleum, and it is also the expectation and spur of the Ministry of Petroleum. In the end, ** said with emotion that it is hard to engage in oil!It seems that the development of the oil industry will require revolution and hard work.
On March 26, 1956, on the basis of the national survey and exploration, the Ministry of Geology, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry and the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly selected the areas with good petroleum geological conditions and large oil reserves as key survey and exploration work. Under the guidance of the National Petroleum Geology Committee, in February 1958, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry and the Ministry of Geology jointly issued a call for "three years to capture Songliao". Li Siguang repeatedly found the leaders of the Ministry of Geology and the Petroleum Geology Bureau to understand the work situation, and studied how to open up the situation of key problems with other leaders of the Ministry of Geology. In June 1958, the Northeast Petroleum Exploration Brigade discovered an oily sandstone layer with a thickness of more than 3 meters. On June 25, Xinhua News Agency published a report entitled "There is Oil in the Songliao Plain", which shocked geological scientists at home and abroad who still hold China as an "oil-poor country". Li Siguang said to them: "* and other leading comrades are very concerned about oil, and they regard oil as important as eating. On the eve of the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry constructed Songji Mitsui in Gaotai Township, Zhaozhou County, Heilongjiang Province, and launched a self-injection industrial oil flow for the first time, which made Li Siguang and other geological scientists very excited and frequently raised their glasses to congratulate on the National Day. The good news that a large oil field might be found in the Songliao area was reported to Zhongnanhai, and other leading comrades attached great importance to this new situation and decided to support the Ministry of Petroleum Industry in further oil exploration in the Songliao Plain in terms of manpower and material resources.
In early 1960, the party group of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry proposed to the Communist Party of China to organize an oil battle in Daqing according to the new discovery of oil produced by several exploratory wells in the Songliao Basin. ** Actively support this major measure of socialist construction, and immediately approved the report of the party group of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry on organizing the Daqing Petroleum Battle, and asked all regions and departments to give strong support.
On June 20, 1962, ** listened to *** and *** reported on the battle of Daqing Oilfield. The next day, he personally inspected the Daqing Oilfield, met with the engineering and technical cadres and professors of the Ministry of Petroleum in Daqing, boarded the drilling platform to greet the drilling workers, and shook hands with the workers who were full of oil and mud. During the visit to Daqing, we first visited the pilot units for the establishment of the post responsibility system, praised the post responsibility system, and helped Daqing Oilfield sum up experience. At a later working meeting, he said: "There used to be a great battle at Stalingrad, and now there is also a big battle in the Ministry of Oil. He praised the Ministry of Petroleum and the Ministry of Geology for organizing the forces of oil factories and mines across the country (including heroes like Wang Jinxi) to fight a war of annihilation under extremely difficult conditions.
Li Siguang wrote a letter in which he said: The recent progress in oil exploration work is encouraging. The discovery of multi-layered oil sands at several drill sites in North China and Central China has once again proved that the North China Plain, the Jianghan Plain and the Songliao Plain are linked as three sections in the Neo-Huaxia subsidence zone is correct......However, it is one thing to affirm the extent of an oil field, and another thing to delineate an oil field. Later, Li Siguang summed up his experience and further proposed seven work steps for oil area and oilfield exploration, oil field selection, oil field demarcation, and evaluation of oil field, which clarified the direction for geological scientific exploration in a planned and step-by-step manner.
When the Daqing Petroleum Battle achieved initial results and a huge oil field was already victorious, he enthusiastically encouraged them to continue the battle and sum up their experience for comrades on all fronts of the industry to learn. Later, the Shengli Oilfield and Daqing Oilfield were discovered one after another, which proved Li Siguang's scientific foresight and smashed the imperialist geologists"China is oil-poor"pessimistic theory.
From November 17 to December 3, 1963, the Fourth Session of the Second National People's Congress was held, and the report made by the deputy premier officially announced the achievements of the Songliao Oilfield, pointing out that most of the oil needed by China in the past relied on imports, and now it is basically self-sufficient. The era of China's use of "foreign oil" is over. On December 20 of the same year, at the Third National People's Congress attended by Li Siguang, the premier pointed out in the work report:"The Daqing Oilfield, which was built in the first five-year plan, was discovered by exploration based on the original petroleum geology theory created by Chinese geologists. Listening to such a clear and powerful statement, Li Siguang's eyes welled up with tears of excitement.
During the Third National People's Congress, a conference staff member approached Li Siguang and said, "Please come to the Beijing Hall!"At that time, Li Siguang didn't know what was going on, walked to the door of the Beijing Hall, and was about to enter the door when he found *** inside, and then hurriedly said apologetically: "Chairman, I'm sorry, I went to the wrong door." * Seeing Li Siguang, he walked over, held Li Siguang's hand tightly, and said cordially, "It's not wrong, I'm looking for you." After the two of them sat down, ** said humorously: "Old Li, you have a good Tai Chi fight!."Li Siguang couldn't figure it out for a while. I didn't understand the meaning of ***, and I thought, how do I know that I play tai chi?He hurriedly and seriously explained: "A few years ago, I had surgery, my health was not very good, and I learned Tai Chi in Hangzhou for a while, but I didn't play well. * smiled and said, "It's your geomechanics Tai Chi!"Li Siguang suddenly realized at this time that the Taijiquan he said was a high evaluation of Li Siguang and everyone together to find oil for the motherland according to the theory of geomechanics and the theory of the new Chinese tectonic system.
On New Year's Day in 1964, the office called Li Siguang and said: "Li Lao went to Huairentang at half past seven in the evening to ...... the modern Henan opera "Chaoyanggou".This made Li Siguang very excited. In the evening, Li Siguang went to the Huairentang lounge before the performance, and after a while, ** came to shake hands with Li Siguang cordially, and asked Li Siguang to sit next to him to watch the play. They talked while watching the play, talking about both the plot and the oil. Li Siguang briefly reported the progress of petroleum geology work to ***. **It's a pleasure to hear. He spoke highly of the contribution made by the Ministry of Geology and the Ministry of Petroleum Industry in the search for oil, and said, "You two (referring to the Ministry of Geology and the Ministry of Petroleum Industry) have made great contributions!"After the performance, ** enthusiastically pulled Li Siguang onto the stage and took a photo with the actors. At the beginning of the same year, in a conversation with foreign guests, ** talked about the progress made in the Battle of Daqing: "With a relatively small investment, a relatively short period of time, and all the equipment manufactured by themselves, they found a large oil field in three years, built an oil field with an annual output of 6 million tons, and built a large oil refinery.