Editor's note.
Traditional Chinese medicine is one of the treasures of China's traditional culture and plays a unique role in China's health cause. As a major province of traditional Chinese medicine, Hunan is vigorously promoting the construction of a national demonstration zone for comprehensive reform of traditional Chinese medicine. How to promote the inheritance, innovation and development of traditional Chinese medicine, how to build the traditional Chinese medicine industry into a new engine of economic growth, and better protect people's health?Hunan **Quan** reporters went deep into the authentic medicinal material production areas, traditional Chinese medicine enterprises, traditional Chinese medicine medical institutions and other front-line research, and launched the "Qihuang Road" from now on. Collect the "Medicine" series of reports, so stay tuned.
Full ** reporter Zhou Wei, Duan Hanmin, Yang Youhua.
This year, Yongsan lily ushered in a bumper harvest. Since the beginning of winter, although the peak period of listing has passed, Longshan County, located in the northwest border of Hunan Province, still attracts merchants from all over the country.
The latest data shows that in 2023, the planting area of lilies in Longshan County will be 1010,000 mu, with a total output of 100,000 tons and a total output value of 3 billion yuan, ranking first in the country in terms of output and sales.
As a Chinese herbal medicine, lily was first published in the "Shennong Materia Medica", which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for more than 2,000 years, as a medicine for "nourishing lung qi and moistening the spleen and dryness". As an important pillar industry for farmers to increase their income and get rich, the Longshan lily industry drives employment450,000 households and 110,000 people, including 1 poverty alleviation households20,000 households, 450,000 people.
How does a medicinal lily take root, develop and grow in the mysterious and vast mountains of Xiangxi?We walked into Longshan County, and it was a ****.
There are flowers blooming in Qianmo:
A "Sayuri" has an annual output value of 3 billion yuan.
One day in early December, the winter morning sun was warm on the mountains and flats of Longshan County. Driving in Shipai Town, Xiluo Town and other places, between the ridges and small slopes, you can see the plots of land that have been turned over by farmers everywhere.
I only see the ridges of the fields, but I don't see the crops", which is the "first impression" of the visitor. As everyone knows, in the yellow and black soil, the freshly sown Longshan lily is silently accumulating energy and waiting for the next spring.
In 2023, the total output value of lilies in the county will be 3 billion yuan, doubling from previous years and hitting a new high. Ning Wenjun, deputy director of the Lily Industry Construction Office of Longshan County, introduced.
Sayuri grows into a big industry. Behind this, it's not simple.
Longshan lily belongs to the curly lily, also known as the medicine lily. According to the records of Yongshun Fuzhi, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, local residents began to plant, which has been followed to this day.
Traditional Chinese medicine pays attention to "all medicines are born of a realm". Each flavor of medicinal herbs has the best "domain" for growth, which is called "authentic medicinal materials". The average annual temperature of Yongsan is 157 degrees Celsius, weak acidic sandy soil and selenium-rich elements in the territory provide an excellent climate and soil environment for the growth of Longshan lily.
The taste is slightly bitter and medicinal", which is the unique charm of Yongsan lily. It can not only be used as medicine, but also can be used as a daily vegetable for cooking, and has the effect of medicine and food.
As the health care effect of Longshan lily became known and the market became wider, in 1998, Longshan County established the "Lily Industry Construction Office".
Specially set up a 'office' for the lily, which shows its status in the hearts of Longshan people. Ning Wenjun said that nearly 90% of the country's medicinal lilies come from Longshan.
However, when the market is booming, "growing pains" follow. Farmers blindly expanded their crops, the market was gradually saturated, and Longshan lily plummeted.
* Instead, guide farmers to develop into large-scale industries. Since 2015, the annual lily planting area in Longshan County has remained at about 100,000 mu. In 2018, Longshan Lily was successfully approved as a national geographical indication protected product.
Bitterness is the taste of life. Longshan lily, which is located in the hinterland of the Wuling Mountains, tastes sweet and bitter all over the world, and is endless.
Laugh and see the flowers all over the field:
Hard work has enriched the people.
At the foot of Daling Mountain, the "top of Xiangxi", Liu Dayue, secretary of the party branch of Guiying Village, Shipai Town, Longshan County, is standing on the edge of the field and looking out, counting this year's harvest.
By planting lilies, there are 6 'million-dollar households' in the village this year!Liu Dayue told reporters that there are more than 600 lily growers in the village, and there are more than 50 "large households" with a planting area of more than 20 acres. "This year, the lily fresh fruit sold for up to 44 yuan kilogram, and the dried slices sold for 86 yuan kilogram, which is really a surprise!”
In the setting sun, his smile and figure blended into a silhouette. As far as the eye can see, in the folds deep in the mountains, there are exquisite and unique small western-style buildings, quiet and peaceful.
Guiying Village has been cultivating lilies for more than 40 years, but it is a new change in recent years to "make a fortune" from it.
The replanting rate of Longshan lily in acidic soil is not high. After dealing with lilies for many years, Liu Dayue, a "field expert", came up with the method of land rotation, that is, planting lilies this year and other crops next year to solve some problems.
For a long time, Longshan lily has been using the traditional asexual reproduction method - bulb planting, and the bulbs are prone to problems such as bacterial and toxic, yield and quality decline.
In order to ensure the quality of authentic medicinal materials, the village invited experts from the provincial capital to start from seed breeding. At the same time, try to introduce lily bulbs from local high-altitude areas to exchange "distant relatives".
Excavation is also exquisite. When the temperature is high, under the light, the dug lily oxidizes quickly, and it is easy to "blacken", which affects the quality. During the harvest season from July to September, farmers often go out in the early hours of the morning, grab hoes, wear miner's lamps, and plunge headlong into the lily fields. Before dawn, the white lily fruit has been loaded and sent to other places.
In 2021, the Guiying Village Economic Cooperative will concentrate on the transfer of 187 acres of land in the village to build a water-drought rotation base for lily rice. In 2023, the output value of the base will reach 2 million yuan, and the profit will be 30,000 yuan for the village collective.
In our village, men, women and children can 'get involved' with lilies, planting, weeding, digging lilies, peeling lilies, and even old ladies in their 90s can sit in front of their homes and peel lilies!Liu Dayue said that if the villagers are nimble, it will not be a problem to earn 300 to 400 yuan a day.
The "lily rice" eaten, the "lily car" driven, and the "lily house" lived. In today's Guiying Village, every family builds small buildings, and most of them have cars. The reporter found that the interesting thing is that even if it is a "luxury car" of hundreds of thousands of yuan, most of the farm tools are placed in the trunk, and they are always "ready" for the lily.
Floral butterflies:
Upgrade the track and break out more "lilies".
The lily is not medicated by beautiful flowers, but by bulbs buried in the ground. In recent years, the "low-key" Longshan lily has encountered practical difficulties such as variety degradation, continuous cropping obstacles, and insufficient deep processing.
How can the traditional Chinese medicine industry develop to keep up with the pace of the new era?
In Ouxi Village, Xiluo Town, Longshan County, 34-year-old Yu Xiaolong has created a new path for the "World Lily Expo Park".
Longshan lily gave birth to the development of the local area, and also awakened the nostalgia of many people. This year is the 14th year that Yu Xiaolong, who had been wandering abroad, returned to his hometown to start a business.
Although he suffered from congenital hemangioma and had difficulty moving, Yu Xiaolong was stunned to master solid planting, cultivation, picking, management and other techniques. Today, he is the general manager of Yinjiajie Ecological Agriculture Development in Longshan County.
In his "World Lily Expo Garden", 400 acres of lilies were planted, with a total of 595 varieties. In the garden, there are not only the most familiar curly lilies of Longshan people, but also ornamental lily ...... with many novel names such as "small rocket" and "fashion show".
But he was still "not satisfied".
The company cooperates with scientific research institutions such as the Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences to establish the Lily Research Institute, which is committed to the research and development of new productsBecome the construction unit of Hunan Province's authentic medicinal material breeding base in 2023, and control the germplasmThe "Lily Science Popularization Demonstration Base" was established to let more people know about the ...... of Longshan Lily
Let the development of Longshan Lily embark on a new track, Yu Xiaolong is not alone. Ning Wenjun introduced that Longshan County is cooperating with the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences to develop the first batch of "detoxification seedlings". It has better traits and is free from germs, which ensures better quality of Longshan lily. At the same time, aiming at the deep processing chain of the lily industry, we will build diversified online and offline production and marketing channels.
Someone once joked that the Longshan lily is a treasure in the arms of the "mountain god".
The industrious and simple people of Longshan are embarking on a road of integrated development of traditional Chinese medicine integrating lily planting, processing, scientific research and ornamentation, so that the medicinal lilies in the mountains will bloom a more brilliant spring.