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Recently, Venezuela adopted a referendum to merge the West Bank of the Essequiba River (Guayana Esequiba) and put the region on the national map to create the state of Guyana Essequiba. The west bank of the Essequibo River accounts for 62 per cent of Guyana's national territoryWhat kind of country is Guyana?This article gives an overview of 10 aspects. After reading this article, I believe you will have a basic understanding of Guyana.
The Cooperative Republic of Guyana, located in the northern part of South America, covers an area of 21It is 50,000 square kilometers and is administratively divided into 10 administrative regions. The population in 2022 is 8090,000, of Indian origin 435% and 30% are African-American2% and 16 are mixed-race people7% and 9% Indians1%。34.8% of the inhabitants are Protestant, 248% of the inhabitants profess Hinduism, 71% of the inhabitants are Catholic, 68% of the inhabitants profess Islam. English is the official language and lingua franca, and Creole, Urdu, Indian, and Hindi are also spoken.
Guyana was originally an Indian settlement, occupied by Spain, the Netherlands, and Britain from the 15th to the 19th centuries, became a British colony in 1814, and was renamed British Guiana in 1831. As a former British colony, Guyana has close ties with the British. Guyana joined the Commonwealth after independence, but was not a member of the Commonwealth Kingdom, so Guyana's head of state was not the British monarch. Guyana is a republic, with the Head of State, Head of State and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.
There are 12 countries in South America, nine of which have Spanish as their official language, one country with Portuguese as their official language – Brazil, one with Dutch as their official language – Suriname, and Guyana as the only country with English as its official language. From 1814, when the Netherlands ceded Guyana to the British, until independence in 1965, Guyana was ruled by the British.
In 1970, then Prime Minister Forbes Burnham advocated "cooperative socialism" and changed the country's name to the Cooperative Republic of Guyana. Of the 197 countries in the world, there is only one country with the word "cooperative" in its name.
After the abolition of slavery in Guyana, Britain imported a large number of laborers from Africa, India and China to supplement the labor force, and Indians and Africans gradually became the dominant ethnic groups in Guyana. During British rule, Indians and Chinese helped develop sugar and rice production, and Guyana's economy grew somewhat. Guyana calls itself the "Land of the Six", a name that refers to the fact that there are six main ethnic groups in the country, namely Indians, Africans, Indians, Chinese, Europeans and mestizos.
Arthur Chung served as a member of Guyana** from March 1970 to October 1980, and he was the first Chinese from a non-Asian country**. During Arthur Chung's tenure, it was only the symbolic head of Guyana. Arthur Chung's father, Joseph Chung, was a native of Dapu County, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province, and crossed the sea to Guyana in his early years. Arthur Chung, Joseph Chung's youngest son, was born in Demerara, on the west coast of British Guiana (present-day Essequibo Islands-West de Merara).
Guyana has a population density of 37 people per square kilometer, ranking sixth from the bottom of 197 countries in the world. The area of Guyana is the same as China's Hunan Province, but the population is only 1% of China's Hunan Province, which is only equivalent to Taoyuan County, a county in Changde City. Guyana's population is unevenly distributed, with 80 per cent living in the capital, Georgetown, and the rest in areas such as New Amsterdam, Linden, and the Essequibo River.
The national bird is a symbol of the country, some are a symbol of the national spirit, some are loved by the local people, and some are endemic and rare species. The United States has the bald eagle as the national bird, Iceland the Gyrfalcon, the United Kingdom the red-breasted robin, France the Gallic pheasant as the national bird, India the blue peafowl as the national bird, and Trinidad and Tobago the hummingbird as the national bird. The musk pheasant, the national bird of Guyana, is extremely smelly, which is also the most important characteristic of this bird, unlike most countries' national birds, which are either fierce or beautiful. Ornithologists who study musk pheasants once commented that no bird wants to approach them if the smell of its body is not diluted. The smell is like a cow dung tank that has been fermented for several days, smelly and irritating.
Suicide is a tragedy that affects families, communities, and entire nations, with lasting effects on loved ones and friends of the deceased. About 700,000 people die by suicide each year, and low- and middle-income countries account for more than 70% of global suicides, mostly in the 15-29 age group. According to the World Health Organization in 2019, the suicide mortality rate in Guyana is 0403, ranking second in the world, just below Lesotho's 0724‰。The high suicide rate in Guyana has a lot to do with living in poverty, widespread male alcoholism, and lack of timely mental care.
After Europe carved up the New World, the Guiana Plateau was divided and occupied, becoming a colony of Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, Britain, France and other countries. During the Venezuelan War of Independence, the British crossed the Essequibo River and occupied large swaths of territory. In 1841, the British decided to use the "Schmbuck Line" as the border between British Guiana and Venezuela. Venezuela objected and applied for international arbitration. In October 1899, the International Arbitration Panel assigned 90 per cent of the disputed territory to British Guiana and 10 per cent of the disputed territory (the Orinoco estuary area) to Venezuela, which was unhappy but powerless. In 1966, British Guiana gained independence and Guyana inherited all British Guiana territory. The dispute between the two countries intensified after the discovery of abundant oil reserves in the waters near the disputed area. The area on the west bank of the Essequibo River covers an area of 1590,000 square kilometers, which is 62 per cent of Guyana's national territory, about 17 per cent of Venezuela's current territory, and as large as my country's Shandong Province.
In the Indian language, "guyana" means "land of many waters". The rivers in Guyana are crisscrossed, and the famous rivers are the Essequibo River, the Demolala River, and the Berbis River. The world's largest single-level waterfall, Kaiqiu Falls, is located on the Podaro River, a tributary of the Essequibo River. Kaiqiu Falls has a drop of 250 meters at a time, and the width of the falls can reach 120 meters during the rainy season.
Guyana is rich in mineral and forest resources, rich in oil and bauxite, with a forest coverage rate of 85%. Guyana is a high-income country with a GDP per capita of 1$80,000. In the Human Development Report 2020 released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Guyana's Human Development Index ranked 108th out of 189 countries (regions) (Chinese mainland ranked 85th).
References: "Chronicles of the Nations: Guyana", "Sugarcane Reapers: A History of Guyana's Contracted Chinese Workers", "Walking on the Edge of South America: Exploring the Three Guyanas", official website of the World Health Organization, Ministry of Commerce of China**, etc.
There's a lot more to say about Guyana, and only ten of them have been selected in this article. If there are other content that you think is more representative, please let us know in the comments.
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