Doctor, I always bleed after menstruation, and I did an ultrasound examination, which showed uneven echo in the intima, what should I do?”
Doctor, I've been menopausal for 5 years, but I suddenly bleed, what should I do?”
Doctor, you see that I have a lot of menstrual flow, and the ultrasound suggests: multiple small echoes in the uterine cavity, considering polypoid changes, what should I do?”
When we are in the clinic, we often encounter patients holding ultrasound reports and asking us similar questions with a sad face. At this time, I will tell them, let's do a hysteroscopy, but what is a hysteroscopy?What diseases can hysteroscopy diagnose or **What should I pay attention to before and after hysteroscopic surgery?Next, Dr. Lian Siyi from the Second Department of Gynecology of Shunyi Women's and Children's Hospital will answer them for you one by one.
1. What is hysteroscopy?
A hysteroscope is an endoscope with a fiber-light source. It is a first-class method for diagnosing and minimally invasive reconstructive surgery for various lesions of the uterine cavity and cervical canal through the natural orifice, and is known as the "model" of uterine cavity diseases with its advantages of intuitive observation, accurate positioning, organ preservation and protective function.
Hysteroscopy is the use of dilated uterine media, enlargement of the intrauterine cavity, observation of the cervical canal, uterine cavity (including endometrium) and fallopian tube opening, is the gold standard for diagnosing uterine cavity diseases, and is also the primary examination method for bleeding-related diseases and intrauterine lesions, which can be both examination and surgery.
Second, hysteroscopy can diagnose or ** what diseases?
1.Abnormal uterine bleeding: including postmenstrual drenching bleeding, intermenstrual bleeding**, postmenopausal** bleeding, menstrual cycle, menstrual period and changes in menstrual flow.
2.Abnormal** discharge: Suspicion of endometrial cancer or precancerous lesions.
3.Ultrasound suggests: hysterine cavity mass, multiple anechoic areas in the uterus, uneven endometrial echogenicity, and thick endometrium.
4.Uterine submucosal fibroids and some intermural fibroids that affect the morphology of the uterine cavity, endometrial polyps.
5.Uterine malformations (septal uterus): intrauterine foreign body, intrauterine device abnormality.
6.Residual uterine cavity after abortion, cervical or intrauterine adhesions.
7.Infertility, recurrent miscarriage to explore the cause.
8.Intimal cancer conservation surgery and postoperative follow-up to evaluate the efficacy.
9.Hysteroscopic guidance of tubal patency, drug injection, and sterilization.
3. What should I pay attention to before and after hysteroscopy?
1) Preoperative precautions:
1.Examination time: abstain from sexual life for at least seven days before hysteroscopy, in principle, 1-7 days of clean menstruation is not the best time for surgery.
2.Physical examination: The doctor will ask about the medical history, conduct a full body examination and examination, complete the secretions, blood routine, urine routine, HCG, biochemistry, coagulation, eight infectious diseases, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray and other examinations (combined with other diseases, may add examination items).
3.Anesthesia: Assess the contraindications to anesthesia and the modalities of anesthesia.
4.Diet: General anesthesia surgery, fasting for 6-8 hours before surgery.
5.Cervical pre-treatment: The cervix is assessed by the surgeon in advance for cervical pre-treatment.
2) Postoperative precautions:
1.Sexual intercourse and bathing were prohibited for 2 weeks after surgery.
2.There is no need to stay in bed after surgery, move properly, wash with water, and keep **clean and dry.
3.If there is ** increased bleeding (more than menstrual flow), abdominal pain, fever, etc., seek medical attention in time.
4.If the tissue is taken and sent for pathology during the operation, pay attention to the return of pathological results.
After listening to the introduction, did you find that this little hysteroscopy can be **many** diseases?If the doctor tells you that your disease requires hysteroscopic surgery, don't be nervous, this surgery is less traumatic, the recovery is fast, and there is no scar, as long as you prepare before the operation and have a follow-up after the operation, I believe you will be very soon**.
Text|Gynecology Department Lian Siyi.