Original title: Deeply promote the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity.
The countryside is governed, the people are safe, and the country is stable. Grassroots governance is the cornerstone of national governance and the foundation of rural revitalization. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the foundation of China's rural governance has undergone tremendous changes, driven by the implementation of the new urbanization strategy, winning the battle against poverty and the comprehensive implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. On the new journey, it is necessary to continue to improve the modern rural governance system, build a new pattern of co-construction, co-governance and shared rural good governance led by the party organization, and strive to make greater contributions to the high-quality economic and social development of Yunnan.
The current trend of reform and innovation in grassroots governance.
Pay attention to intelligent governance. Relying on the digital platform, different regions have implemented projects such as "digital + farmland park breeding", and innovatively used integrated technology to promote the modernization of rural governance. Promote the extension of "Internet + government services" to towns and villages, improve the capacity of government services, and provide more convenience for farmers. Use big data to promote intelligent governance in rural areas and improve the satisfaction of the masses.
Promote professional reform. Attach importance to the role of professional social work institutions and personnel, make full use of the advantages of professional resources, and improve the level of social services. Relying on standardized governance, respond to the diverse needs of society in a keen and timely manner, and improve the efficiency of social governance. Give full play to the role of professional advantages and expert teams, continuously optimize governance plans, and improve social governance capabilities.
Pay attention to the sinking of the center of gravity of governance. As the focus of governance shifts downward to the grassroots level, some areas have explored the use of communities, natural villages, and groups as basic governance units according to actual conditions, narrowing the radius of governance services and improving the efficiency of communication between upper and lower levels. In addition, we will explore grid governance, gradually extend the focus of governance to households, and use households as governance units to carry out various services.
Pay attention to the use of social resources. Pay attention to the role of local prestigious groups to make up for the shortcomings of relevant national systems in practice. Explore the unique value of local culture such as family resources in grassroots governance, and promote the effective governance of village-level affairs. Excavate the intrinsic value of traditional filial piety culture and characteristic culture, and promote the construction of rural customs and civilization.
At present, the challenges facing the reform and innovation of grassroots governance.
"Horizontal to the edge" and "vertical to the end" are not accurate. The grassroots governance structure composed of the two dimensions of "horizontal to the edge" and "vertical to the end" is essentially the co-construction, co-governance and sharing of society and the masses. However, practice faces two major problems: First, the "horizontal to the edge" mass participation mechanism is not perfected enough;Second, from the practice of exploring the downward shift of the focus of governance, it is found that the "bottom" of the "vertical to the end" is not accurate, whether it is a community, an administrative village, or a smaller village.
Deviation between fine governance and social demand. On the one hand, the "flooding" of grassroots work apps not only does not improve work efficiency, but instead increases the burden and becomes a new type of formalism at the fingertips. On the other hand, it is difficult for the elderly farmers to effectively use mobile clients to achieve complex and diverse governance goals, resulting in the tension between technology dependence and social diverse needs in the governance process, and reducing the satisfaction of the masses.
Insufficient attention has been paid to the cost and sustainability of reforms. Reform is one of the effective magic weapons for grassroots innovation and governance and stimulating vitality. However, in practice, some regions are still utilitarian-oriented, which affects the cost of reform and sustainable investment. First, it neglects to make full use of social resources. Second, it violates the economic logic of low cost and high efficiency, affects the stage of investment, and also restricts the sustainability of reform.
Thoughts on accelerating and promoting the modernization of grassroots social governance in Yunnan Province.
Promote the establishment of basic information governance platforms. Digitalization, informatization, and intelligence are one of the directions of grassroots governance. However, digital construction itself is a project with relatively high technical threshold and relatively large economic input cost. At present, a large number of local digital governance reforms are mainly carried out in the research and development and construction of counties. This county-level independent development model faces two major problems. First, a county independently bears tens of millions of yuan in platform development costs, which not only increases the local financial burden, but also easily causes duplicate development. In particular, after development, there is often a lack of large number of human and material resources required for continuous operation. Second, the county-level ** departments lack strong ownership resources to break the information barriers between departments, resulting in a large number of services and businesses of different departments are still difficult to truly integrate online.
Relevant provincial-level departments may try to establish a basic digital public governance platform at the provincial level. The basic digital governance platform can provide basic functional modules and core data standards through modular design, and local governments can select corresponding modules and process and adjust them according to local conditions. Promote inter-departmental coordination and cooperation, open up the system interface between departments, especially integrate the approval authority and governance authority between departments, and provide institutional conditions for "one-network operation" and "departmental collaborative handling". Improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of digital platforms, make full use of and mine the basic data gathered by provincial platforms to carry out big data analysis, and improve the forward-looking and scientific nature of provincial governance.
Establish a reform and innovation evaluation and guidance mechanism. Establish a follow-up steering group for rural reform pilot areas, and in response to the current reform disputes in the reform experiment process, the follow-up guidance group will cooperate with relevant departments, experts and scholars to conduct comprehensive research and judgment, encourage and support reforms in the right direction, and promptly stop or correct unreasonable reform measures. To strengthen the correct orientation of reform and innovation, it is necessary to encourage all pilot zones to solve practical problems with characteristics and locality in accordance with local conditions, so that reform can serve social needs, strengthen the operability, generalizability and economy of reform measures, and avoid blindly pursuing high technology, high speed and high investment. Establish an interactive mechanism for the exchange of reform experiments, and organize front-line leaders who undertake reform experiment tasks to participate in exchange activities regularly through on-site observation and experience exchanges, so as to improve the efficiency of reform. Absorb scientific research institutes to jointly build reform test bases, and regularly invite experts and scholars to the front line of reform to check the pulse of reform measures.
Promote the integrated development of professional governance and social governance. Professional social governance forces represented by social workers, public welfare organizations, lawyers, etc., have received increasing attention from local governments. However, allowing professional forces to directly participate in grassroots social governance, especially in the vast number of rural grassroots social governance, not only faces economic problems, but also faces the problem of insufficient professional governance resources. Therefore, while promoting professional governance, professional governance organizations can be built into public governance platforms in combination with the actual development of rural society in Yunnan. On the one hand, professional governance forces should be allowed to participate in the resolution of major governance events and governance problems in the county in a targeted and focused manner. On the other hand, professional governance forces should be organized to train and guide social governance entities, improve the professional capabilities of social governance entities, and form a "butterfly change effect".
Pay attention to the excavation, development and transformation of local social resources, and inject new ideas and new connotations into them according to the requirements of social governance in the new era. It is necessary to actively expand the scope of excavation and contact with social subjects, avoid being limited to "old branch secretaries" and "old cadres", and let more subjects such as "old teachers" and "women representatives" actively participate in rural governance. It is necessary to give full play to the governance functions of women's federations and other mass organizations, and develop governance projects suitable for the participation of women, the elderly, and children in combination with the characteristics of rural areas such as the large number of women, the elderly, and the number of children.
Yu Lijuan, Zhao Fei, Wang Lingkun, the authors' affiliations are Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Yunnan Provincial People's Development Research Center, and Yunnan Provincial Industrial Vocational Education Group).
*:Yunnan**.