[**Shenyang Evening News].
As the temperature drops, so does the incidence of cerebrovascular disease. On December 27, reporters from Shenyang Evening News and Shen Baoquan learned from the First People's Hospital of Shenyang that the number of patients with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the hospital has increased significantly. In this regard, Li Li, director of the neurology department of the hospital, said in an interview with reporters that people must pay attention to cold protection and warmth in the cold season, especially patients with chronic diseases should regularly monitor blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipids and other indicators, take medicine on time, and seek medical attention in time if there are relevant symptoms.
Why is cerebrovascular disease more likely to occur in winter?
Unhealthy lifestyle is an important factor contributing to the onset of cerebrovascular diseases, but climate change also has a significant impact on it. Li Li introduced that some studies have shown that the relationship between temperature and the incidence and mortality of cerebrovascular diseases is: when the temperature is lower or higher than a certain critical temperature, with the decrease or increase of temperature, the incidence and mortality of cerebrovascular diseases gradually increase. It can be seen that the rapid change of temperature is closely related to the occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases, especially when the temperature rises or falls suddenly.
A person's normal body temperature is achieved by the body's dynamic balance of regulating heat production and heat dissipation. In winter, when the temperature is low, the cold will stimulate vasoconstriction, increase blood flow resistance, increase blood viscosity, slow down blood flow velocity, and easily form small blood clots, causing blood vessel blockage. At the same time, under the stimulation of cold, the secretion of hormones catecholamines in the human body increases, which causes vasospasm, plaque rupture, platelet aggregation and thrombosis, and induces cerebral infarction. In addition, as the temperature plummets and the blood vessels in the human body constrict, the blood pressure rises suddenly, and the original hardened and fragile arteries cannot withstand the strong internal pressure, which is easy to cause blood vessel rupture and cerebral hemorrhage. Studies have shown that the probability of cerebrovascular disease in winter is 2-3 times higher than that in other seasons. "Most of the patients with cerebrovascular diseases are elderly, and the temperature regulation ability and temperature sensitivity of the elderly are poor, and for the elderly who have the potential risk of cerebrovascular diseases, their arteriosclerosis, decreased vascular elasticity and various organ functions are reduced, and the tolerance to climate change is poor, and the aggravation and deterioration of cerebrovascular diseases are very likely to occur. Li Li reminded.
Different groups of people should pay attention to the "three levels".
So how exactly can people prevent it?Li Li introduced that for different groups of people, it is divided into three levels.
The first level is fitness and disease prevention. This is for people who are in good health and who have not been found to have any diseases. The focus of this level is on life intervention, specifically: first, pay attention to cold protection and warmth, especially when the cold wave hits and the temperature plummets, pay attention to adding clothes in time;Adhere to physical exercise, improve cold tolerance, and participate in some cultural and sports activities within your ability. Second, pay attention to a reasonable diet, eat less greasy food, quit smoking and limit alcohol. The diet should be low in salt, fat and cholesterol, eat fresh vegetables, eat more foods rich in plant protein, drink more water, and reduce blood viscosity. Third, mood swings are also a predisposing factor for cerebrovascular diseases, so the elderly must maintain a calm mind and avoid emotional agitation. Fourth, regular physical examinations. At least once before the winter, it is necessary to have a physical examination, and if there is a problem, it should be intervened and adjusted as soon as possible.
The second level is primary prevention. This level of population refers to people who have risk factors but no evidence of cerebrovascular disease. It mainly refers to people with diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, sleep apnea syndrome, etc. How can this group of people be prevented?In a word: control of the primary disease + aspirin. People with high blood lipids, high blood sugar, and high blood pressure should control the monitoring indicators within a reasonable level.
The third level is secondary prevention. At this level, it is necessary to prevent people who have been diagnosed with cerebrovascular diseases and prevent the recurrence of the disease. Specific measures include: First of all, it is necessary to cover.
1. All measures at the second level;This is followed by control of risk factors, such as blood pressure, blood sugar, and weightThe third is drug prophylaxis. There are two important classes of drugs that must be used: anti-plate drugs and lipid-modifying drugs. Anti-plate drugs are commonly used aspirin, clopidogrel bisulfate tablets, etc. If there are no contraindications to lipid-regulating drugs, it is advisable to use statins, such as simvastatin, atorvastatin calcium, etc.;Fourth, we should always contact the doctor, follow the doctor's guidance in the use and adjustment of drugs, and do not stop or change the medicine without authorization.
In particular, people are reminded that once slurred speech, crooked corners of the mouth, numbness and weakness of one limb, sudden vision loss, blindness, sudden headache, dizziness and other conditions, they should seek medical attention as soon as possible, and strive for early diagnosis and early diagnosis. Some patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease can undergo effective intravenous thrombolysis within 6 hours of onset**.
Shenyang Evening News, Shen Baoquan ** reporter Wang Yuzhe.
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