The temperature is decreasing, especially the temperature difference between morning and evening is increasing, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have entered a high incidence period.
Today, we inviteLi Jian, chief physician of the Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversitywithWei Wenshi, Chief Physician of the Department of Neurology, East China Hospitalto share with youMaintain cardiovascular system and prevent strokeHealth knowledge.
Manage your blood pressure and prevent strokes
High blood pressureIt is an important risk factor for stroke, and in daily life, we must manage our blood pressure, especially for patients with high blood pressure, to do a good job of self-monitoring and good control of blood pressure.
1. Reduce sodium and increase potassium
Nowadays, a high-salt diet is the number one factor for people to suffer from high blood pressure, and reducing salt intake is an effective way to lower blood pressure. The Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022) recommends that adults should consume no more than 5 grams of salt per person per day.
At the same time, to increaseFresh vegetables, fruits, legumesand other potassium-rich food intake.
2. Control your weight
Controlling your weight can help lower your blood pressure, and it is recommended to maintain your weight within a healthy range first, i.e. a BMI of 185～23.9, or 90 cm for men and 85 cm for women. Secondly, it is recommended for overweight and obese people to lose weight.
3. Quit smoking and limit alcohol
Regular smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can have adverse effects on blood pressure. Smoking is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular and cancer, and even passive smokers significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Excessive alcohol consumption significantly increases the risk of developing hypertension, and the risk increases with alcohol consumption. Therefore, alcohol consumption is not recommended for people with high blood pressure. For people who have been drinking highly strong alcohol for a long time, it is recommended to replace it with a small amount of wine and other low-alcohol alcoholAlcohol is not recommended for people who do not have a drinking Xi.
Fourth, increase exercise
Studies have shown that regular exercise in people with high blood pressure reduces the risk of cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality. In addition to daily activities, it is recommended that everyone carry out moderate-intensity exercise for more than 30 minutes a day, 3-7 days a week.
Recognize symptoms and treat stroke early
What should I do if I have a stroke?
After a stroke, patients usually have three types of symptoms.
The first is speech disorder, which is manifested as not being fluent in speech, not matching the preface and afterword, and not being able to express one's will in words or not understanding what others say.
The second is limb disorder, which is manifested as asymmetry on both sides of the face, drooping corners of the mouth on one side, different strength of the arms on both sides, one side will droop when lifted flat, and the arm will also appear numb.
The third is balance disorder, which is manifested as loss of balance, inability to walk in a straight line, walking deep and shallow and so on.
Once the above 1 2 situations occur, it should be immediatelyCall "120" for first aid**to take the patient to the hospital.
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Editor: Chen Haixiao.
*Please indicate that it is from the official account of Shanghai Xuhui.