Start a business-9
In the history of China's modern revolution, Lin Boqu, a member of the Chinese Communist Party, tried to rely on the Kuomintang general Cheng Qian to detain Chiang Kai-shek, because of the complicated historical background at that time, the failure of the plan was inevitable.
We might as well go through history to explore the true context of that story.
In late March 1927, the Wuhan Military Committee of the Kuomintang had clearly felt that Chiang Kai-shek was moving towards betrayal (betrayal of Sun Yat-sen and the Wuhan Nationals**) day by day, so it agreed on a plan to arrest Chiang Kai-shek at an opportune time, in an attempt to curb Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to control **. The implementation of this plan was carried out by Lin Boqu (a secret member of the Communist Party of China), who was then the representative of the Sixth Army of the National Revolution, who was responsible for going to Nanjing to contact Cheng Qian, then the commander of the Sixth Army. The reason why Wuhan ** is so arranged is because Lin Boqu, as the party representative of the Sixth Army, is a close partner of Cheng Qian, and it is more convenient to communicate with Cheng Qian. Cheng Qian, on the other hand, was a loyal follower of Sun Yat-sen and belonged to the Kuomintang left, which defended Sun Yat-sen's three major policies. Therefore, it was most appropriate for Lin and Cheng to carry out this secret order, and the Sixth Army at this time had already taken control of Nanjing, which was the only way for Chiang Kai-shek to go to Shanghai.
Lin Boqu, born in March 1886, was a native of Anfu, Hunan Province (now Linli County).In August 1905, while studying in Japan, he joined the League and engaged in anti-Qing activities after returning to ChinaIn May 1913, he fled to Japan when he was wanted by Yuan Shikai and joined Sun Yat-sen's Chinese Revolutionary PartyIn 1920, he became a senator of the Generalissimo Sun Yat-sen's officeIn January 1921, he was introduced by Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu to join the Shanghai Communist Group and became a member of the Central Committee, but continued to work in the KuomintangIn March 1926, after Chiang Kai-shek created the "Zhongshan Ship Incident", he was appointed by the Kuomintang as the party representative and director of the Political Department of the 6th Army of the National Revolutionary Army. (Subsequently, he participated in the Nanchang Uprising, entered the Soviet area, went through the Long March, entered New China, and served as the secretary general of the **People's Committee.) At this time, although Lin Boqu was in the first place in the Kuomintang, he was still an ordinary party member in the middle **. Therefore, after Lin Boqu accepted the secret order, he quickly reported this information to Zhang Guotao, then secretary of the Hubei District CPC Committee: "The result of the meeting of a small number of dignitaries for several days has decided to make a decision.
The 2nd and 6th armies controlled the Nanjing area and prevented Chiang's conspiracy to build another center in Nanjing. ”
Zhang Guotao was worried after hearing this: "Chiang Kai-shek has a perverse temperament and will not be arrested." ”
If he disobeys, Cheng Qian, the commander-in-chief of Jiangyou's army, can arrest him according to the secret order of the people. Lin Boqu was full of confidence.
Who came up with this idea?Zhang Guotao asked further.
At first it seemed that Borodin proposed it, and everyone agreed on it. Lin Boqu replied.
Perhaps because it was Borodin (a representative of the Comintern) who proposed it, Zhang Guotao approved of Lin Boqu's action.
On March 25, Wuhan ** received a telegram from Cheng Qian that Jiang You's army had taken control of Nanjing, so he notified Lin Boqu to take action. Because of the importance of the matter, Lin Boqu discussed it again with his old friends before leaving, lest he make a mistake. On March 28, Kuomintang leftist dignitaries Deng Yanda, Gu Mengyu, and Zhang Fakui rushed to Lin Boqu's residence to see him off, so that he embarked on the road to Nanjing with confidence.
On this trip to Nanjing, Lin Boqu's public name was to express his condolences to the front-line soldiers on behalf of the Kuomintang Military Committee, so he was accompanied by Xu Soul, Tang Shengming and other condolence representatives. At this moment, Lin Boqu was excited and nervous deep in his heart. From March 6 in Nanchang to March 20 in Anqing, Chiang Kai-shek successively instructed the Qinghong Gang and the descendants to take up many cases of workers and peasants and communists in Ji'an, Wudu, Fuzhou, Shangrao, Duchang, Yongxiu, Fengcheng, Yongxin, Jiujiang and other places It is the greatest scourge of betraying the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, so it is a responsibility entrusted by history that he can shoulder the heavy responsibility of detaining Chiang Kai-shek. What is nervous is that, after all, the person to be detained is the commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army, who holds military power, and the slightest carelessness will encounter accidents. Therefore, Lin Boqu sewed the secret order written on the silk by Tan Yanyan, chairman of the Wuhan Nationalist **, into his clothes to avoid exposure.
It's a pity that the enthusiastic Lin Boqu didn't know that the social background at that time was secretly changing rapidly, and the plan he was keen on was already fishing for the moon in the water from the beginning. Because at this time, not only Tan Yanmin, who signed the secret order to detain Chiang, had fallen to Chiang Kai-shek, but Cheng Qian was also under Chiang's **, calculating his own interests.
At the same time that the Wuhan people were determined to plot the detention of Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Kai-shek was also accelerating his rebellion. He privately arranged for his cronies to rush to Wuhan to assist Chen Guofu, who was also condemned by Wuhan, to escape from Hankou as soon as possible, and specifically instructed Chen Guofu to contact Tan Yanyan, chairman of Wuhan National**, once before leaving. After receiving Chiang Kai-shek's instructions, Chen Guofu had a secret conversation with Tan Yange before leaving Han. During the conversation, Tan Yanyan asked Chen Guofu to bring a clear message to Chiang Kai-shek: "My opinion is not as good as that of Mr. Chiang, and I initially thought that the situation was not serious, but when I looked at it here, I realized that the seriousness was far beyond my imagination." Now I can't be as free as you are, and I can't leave. But in the future, I will return to Nanjing to accompany Mr. Chiang, and I will definitely be able to listen to Mr. Chiang in the future, and I will tell Mr. Chiang that we will meet in Nanjing soon. Tan Yanmin said this almost with tears in his eyes, which shows the true feelings. Can the secret order signed by a Wuhan national ** chairman with this mentality still be called a secret order to Chiang Kai-shek?
In the afternoon of the same day after the secret talk with Tan Yanyan, Chen Guofu left Wuhan by boat, and soon telegraphed all the contents of his conversation with Tan Yanmin to Chiang Kai-shek. At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek summoned Cheng Qian to Shanghai, appointed Cheng Qian as the commander of the Nanjing garrison, and gave him about 20 million yuan at the same time. Therefore, although Cheng Qianqian learned that Chiang Kai-shek and others were going to "purge the party" and break with Wuhan through contacts with Li Jishen, Huang Shao, He Yingqin, Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, and others during his participation in the military conference convened by Chiang Kai-shek, he still did not believe that Chiang Kai-shek would really betray and really deal with himself.
Lin Boqu naturally didn't know anything about the secret conversation between Chen Guofu and Tan Yanhong, and Chiang Kai-shek didn't know anything about Cheng Qianfeng's wish and funds. In this context, Lin Boqu's longing for the "detention of Jiang" can only be an illusion.
At dusk on 30 March, as soon as Lin Boqu arrived in Nanjing, he discovered a strange phenomenon: Chiang Kai-shek's descendants of the First Army, He Yingqin and Bai Chongxi, had been stationed in the suburbs of Nanjing, which aroused his high vigilance. He arrived at the military compound overnight and communicated with Cheng Qian in the headquarters.
After the two exchanged polite greetings, Lin Boqu got back to business and went straight to the point:
However, Brother Songyun (Cheng Qian's nickname) must not be taken lightly, I heard that He Yingqin and Bai Chongxi's troops have also entered our army's defenses, is this really the case?”
Huh?Haha, Nanjing has been a famous city since ancient times, and for decades, in addition to Zeng Guofan, it was our Sixth Army that conquered it!I don't think anyone will eat the leopard's gall and dare to pick peaches. As for the First Army, it was only said that it would be opened after a few days. Brother Zu Han often said on weekdays, the prime minister can hold up the boat in his stomach, why be suspicious?Hahaha......”
Cheng Qian, as a general who has experienced a hundred battles and experienced ups and downs, joked like this, but his estimate of Chiang Kai-shek was too naïve, and Lin Boqu had to still patiently persuade:
Okay, I don't want to argue with you about this, but Brother Songyun should be careful, when we were in Nanchang, we almost annihilated the whole army. ”
Chiang Kai-shek has bad intentions towards me, I know. But now he's going to eat me in one bite, I'm afraid it's not as easy as last year, right??Cheng Qian responded.
Seeing this situation, Lin Boqu immediately signaled the left and right personnel to withdraw, and then lowered his voice and told Cheng Qian:
Last year's '3.2 o incident'Later, Chiang Kai-shek played all kinds of power tricks, excluded dissidents, and was tyrannical and domineering, and recently created **, the masses of workers and peasants and revolutionaries in Nanchang, Anqing and other places. The people of Wuhan believed that his revolutionary treason had been accomplished, and decided to take decisive action against him. In a few days, Chiang Kai-shek may still pass through Nanjing, and we will detain him and send him to Wuhan. It's an order, look at it!”
After that, Lin Boqu unbuttoned his shirt, tore open the seam of his clothes, took out the secret order to catch Jiang written on the white silk cloth by Tan Yanchuang, chairman of Wuhan National, and handed it to Cheng Qian. The secret order said: "Chiang Kai-shek will go east from Anqing in a few days, and on the day he arrives in Nanjing, please detain him."
After reading the order, Cheng Qian was stunned at first, and then fell on the sofa and whispered:
It's hard!It's so hard for me to carry out this order!”
Lin Boqu knew that Cheng Qian's thoughts still had doubts, and continued to enlighten and said: "We have suffered a lot from him, now we are not prepared, we can't do it first, Chiang Kai-shek can do anything, since the national ** has an order, you do things according to your orders, what's so difficult?"”
Cheng Qian was silent for a while, and said with a sigh
Zu Han, after all, the situation is complicated, and good intentions cannot dominate everything. Cheng Qian said as he lit the silk on fire and watched it melt into the flames.
Lin Boqu looked at the burning secret order with some surprise: "You treat it like this?."”
After burning the secret order, Cheng Qian's mood seemed to calm down. While inviting Lin Boqu to tea, he at the same time stated his reasons at length: There are three unfeasible ...... for the detention of Jiang.
In the early summer of Nanjing, Jiangnan was settled, and all parties in the military and government were waiting to be raised. Zhang Zuolin's heavy troops gathered in Jiangbei, plotting day and night, peeking into my gaps. Jiang's army has many bad deeds, but the veil has not been removed, the original form has not been revealed, and the people have not yet noticed it. At this time, the detention of Jiang will repeat the great cause of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and the internal strife will start firstWhat will history say about me?If the Chinese people do not sympathize with this move, I will fall into passivity and give others the truth. This is not feasible either.
The Sixth Army set out from the Yuexing Division, traveled thousands of miles, turned to fight for many years, the main one, the first battle of Nanchang, the second war of Nanxun, the third war of Sun (Chuanfang), Zhang (Zongchang) coalition army in Nanjing, dozens of small battles have not been taken into account, the respite is undecided, the sores have not recovered, the scholar is tired, and he urgently needs to rest and make up. The First Army set out from Guangdong, took the main force of Sun's army to gather in Nanchang and Nanjing, and when the air defense was weak, it decided to Fujian and Zhejiang without a fight, and stationed in Suchang. At this time, Jiang was detained, and the first army rose up to blame, why should the aftermath be dealt with?Even if the Sixth Army can fight again, it will be difficult to hold on for a long time, and victory is inevitable. The reason why this is not feasible is also.
Chiang Kai-shek is now the commander-in-chief of the National Revolution, and although we are not worth it, we are still his subordinates. Those who kill their monarchs will be multiplied by the holes, and there is still a commandment not to take and never get tired. In the future, my subordinates will follow suit when they have an excuse to offend meIf you commit the following crimes, how can you command your subordinates in the future?It was originally a revolution, it was a common enemy, but it was an internal vendetta, full of historical sites, and painful through the ages. The reason why this is not feasible is also. (The above three reasons are the approximate meaning of Cheng Qian's later recollection, for reference only.) ）
After saying the reason, Cheng Qian said solemnly: "Nanjing is a tiger in Longpan, I expect that Chiang Kai-shek will not dare to risk the world to attack me."I, Cheng Qian, don't want to fire the first shot of the ** National Revolutionary Army, do something that is shameful to the world!Looking at Lin Boqu's helpless expression, Cheng Qian said again: "Since the national ** has made a decision, if it is difficult for Brother Zu Han to recover his life, I am willing to go to Hankou to discuss with everyone." ”
In the face of Cheng Qian's tough attitude, Lin Boqu, who had dealt with him for many years, knew that it was difficult to convince him in this situation, so he had to say disappointedly:
Since Brother Songyun has made up his mind, I can't make it difficult for me, when the time comes, let Chiang Kai-shek let you understand!”
Lin Boqu's sentence "When the time comes, let Chiang Kai-shek tell you to understand!."It was confirmed by history, but it was too late for Cheng Qian to regret it. At this moment, not only Cheng Qian, but even many dignitaries in Wuhan did not expect that Chiang Kai-shek's actions were very fast, and he soon took control of Nanjing.
On April 4, Cheng Qian returned to Wuhan with Lin Boqu, and at first he also tried to persuade Wuhan ** to compromise with Jiang, and said that although he was unwilling to cooperate with Jiang, there would be no funds if he did not cooperate. At the same time, after returning to China, Wang Jingwei and Chen Duxiu issued a "joint declaration" emphasizing that the expulsion of the Communist Party by the Kuomintang leaders was a rumor. This joint declaration was not only deceived by Chen Duxiu, but even the Kuomintang dignitaries in Wuhan at that time, Borodin, and others mistakenly thought that the situation had not yet developed to the point of being out of control, and fantasized that Wang Jingwei would come up with a way to restrain Chiang Kai-shek.
**—Lin Boqu, Dong Biwu, Wang Ruofei in Chongqing.
Chiang Kai-shek, who returned to Shanghai, immediately began to openly turn his back on Wuhan**, plotted to purge the Communist Party, and recruited a large number of representatives of the Qinghong gang leaders and new warlords, creating the "April 12" ** that shocked China and foreign countries
Immediately afterwards, Chiang Kai-shek made a wish to buy Yang Jie, the commander of the 17th Division of the Sixth Army of Cheng Qian, the garrison of Nanjing, thus taking control of the city of Nanjing. Subsequently, Chiang Kai-shek, in the name of the General Headquarters, ordered the 19th Division of the Sixth Army (which was serving as a Jiangjie garrison in the Quarry Rock area) to go to Suzhou to supplement the training. After receiving the order, the remaining personnel of the Sixth Army called Cheng Qian for instructions, and after Cheng discussed with Lin Boqu, he telegraphed the troops not to withdraw from the defensive area for the time being, but this telegram was withheld by the spies installed by Chiang Kai-shek in the Sixth Army. So, on the morning of 27 April, the 19th Division began its operation, walked to the Shence Gate, and saw that the train to transport them had already been prepared. In the afternoon, all the officers and men and equipment of the 19th Division were loaded onto the vehicles and ready to set off. Unexpectedly, at about ten o'clock in the evening, Chiang Kai-shek's newly appointed commander-in-chief of the Nanjing garrison, He Yaozu, with his independent second division, suddenly surrounded the train, and then showed Chiang Kai-shek's order to disband this army, which confused the unsuspecting officers and soldiers of the 19th Division and questioned one after another
Since our Sixth Army participated in the Northern Expedition, it has won many battles and made great achievements, so why should it be disbanded?”
He Yaozu naturally knew it, but he was speechless, but he said helplessly: "This is Commander-in-Chief Jiang's order, I can only obey it absolutely, hurry up and disarm it!."”
In the face of this sudden situation, if the officers and men in the carriage rashly resisted, they would have suffered a tragic sacrifice and had to disarm and disband.
In this way, Cheng Qian, who had just eaten the candy given by Chiang Kai-shek, had not yet tasted the sweetness, and his subordinate troops were disintegrated by Chiang Kai-shek's bloodless soldiers. In the years to come, whenever Cheng Qian talked to Lin Boqu about this matter, he regretted it!