In the ancient imperial examinations, why was there a huge gap between the grades of students from the north and the south?
For a lot of people,"College Entrance Examination"It is an opportunity to change the fate of the country, but due to the different levels of education in different places, it is also practiced in the country"Nationwide"When it comes to exams, each place has its own standards, but in the end, it turns out that there are still many drawbacks. But in the end, it was found that there are still many drawbacks.
Therefore, after this, the gaokao was abolished as a single one"National volume"Some economically strong provinces can compile test papers according to their own advantages, and it can be said that the test papers of Jiangsu and Zhejiang are a large number of students"Nightmares"。
This problem is not only present in modern society, but also in ancient times. Famous"The case of the North and South lists"It happened during the Hongwu period:
In the thirtieth year of Hongwu, the imperial court was to be held"Social examination"For many, it's an opportunity to change their fate. However, when the final list was announced, most of the candidates were so badly discounted that the 51 who passed the exam were all from the South, while the students from the North were not on the list.
Couldn't these students who failed in the list establish their own ambitions?Zhu Yuanzhang was also indignant after hearing this, he believed that the political significance of all the northern students falling off the list was that only half of the Ming Dynasty was in the country, and these 51 students were all southerners, which was not"Cheating in the imperial examination"Is it?
Therefore, the chief examiner of personnel, who abolished all laws, said that the final result was no ** and cheating, and the examination papers of the northern candidates were indeed very poor. However, in order to calm down ** as soon as possible, Zhu Yuanzhang personally re-included 61 northern candidates in the so-called"North-South list"。
Following"The case of the North and South lists"Later, such incidents also occurred in the imperial examinations of the Ming and Qing dynasties. There was a southern champion in the southern list, and a northern champion in the northern list, but such a thing has never happened. Why is there such a big difference between the top students in the north and the top in the south of the same test paper?Actually, in the previous ones"Eight strands", now there is no such a big gap :
Prime Minister of the South, General of the North.
Actually, there has always been'The north will be the south phase'Of course, this statement is somewhat arbitrary, but it has been no exception for hundreds of years, taking Zhu Di as an example, almost all the ministers surnamed Zhu were southerners: the famous genius Xie Jin was born in Jiangxi, and his shopkeeper Xia Yuanji was born in Jiangxi, he simply grew up in Hunan, and the ministers also grew up in the south. He grew up in Hunan and is strictly a southerner"。"Three Yangs"One of them, Yang Shiqi, was born in Jiangxi, Yang Rong was born in Fujian, Yang Pu was born in Hubei and Guangdong, and the same was true of Huang Zicheng and Qi Tai, two famous ministers of the Jianwen Dynasty.
From the above experience, it can be seen that academicians in the south are not as easy to obtain as students in the north, and most of the cabinet ministers belong to southern provinces such as Jiangxi, Anhui, and Fujian, so we can see why there are"The North General is the South Minister"One said.
Of course, this is not to say that northerners do not like to read, this is just a historical feature of the times, because since ancient times, once the Central Plains region is involved in a large-scale war, the first wave must be the north, then the Central Plains wave, and finally the Jiangnan wave, and so on.
Because the north is flat, the speed of the wave of war is very fast, while the south is the opposite, the south has mountains and rivers, and there are more water and grass distribution, so after a period of chaos, there will soon be several major wars in the south to subside, so that the southern scholars will have the opportunity to study in peace.
And in the north, even if the time of peace comes, as the heart of the Central Plains Dynasty, wars in the region will occur frequently, such as the Turks of the Tang Dynasty, the Khitan of the Song Dynasty, and the Wara of the Ming Dynasty.
The people in these areas are tall and the army is not promoted quickly, because the struggle against the Hu people is endless.
So,'The north will be the south of the platform'Although it is very arbitrary, it is a fact many times, most of the prime ministers in history are young talents from the water towns in the south of the Yangtze River, and most of the famous generals are heroes from the north.
There is a difference between the north and the south in terms of economy.
Actually,"The north will be the south of the platform"The phenomenon is not common in the Ming and Qing dynasties, such as the Wu and Zhou dynasties, the famous minister Di Renjie was in Shanxi, and the famous minister Wei Zheng was in Hebei, but from the Song Dynasty, many famous ministers began to move south, which almost became a kind of history in the Ming and Qing dynasties. "In"Iron Law"Below, almost all the famous faces are southerners, not to mention whether there are any names in the north, let's just say that there are only a handful of famous faces in the south.
This phenomenon is also determined by history, before the Song Dynasty, Chang'an was the political center of the country, the economic center of gravity was generally in the north, and Luoyang was often the economic center of the country, and the development of the economy would inevitably lead to the development of all walks of life, and the same was true of education.
The large scale of the local economy means that there are more resources to run schools, private schools, etc., and more people can read and write and change their destiny.
However, from the Song Dynasty onwards, and especially after the Southern Song Dynasty, the economy began to move southward, and at this time the north was usually the political center and the south was the economic center. For example, in the Ming Dynasty, almost one-third of the taxes were fed by the south, and the Jiangnan region such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang was the most important.
The economy of the south is developed, relatively peaceful, and the environment for people to read and write is relatively comfortable.
Therefore, in the same test paper, the gap between the north and the south will be very large, because the economic gap between the north and the south is very large, but at the same time, the south is relatively more comfortable and easier to teach and educate people, and in the long run, the more developed the economy of the south and the higher the level of education, the greater the gap between the two sides.