Mr. Zhang, 65, has long been afflicted by high blood pressure caused by high cholesterol, and the mahjong table has become his way to relieve his pain. That night, Mr. Zhang was playing cards as usualBut when the game reached its climax, Mr. Zhang felt a burst of chest pain and tightness, mixed with cold sweat. At this moment, Mr. Zhang chose to ignore this sudden physical cue, he blamed fatigue for these seemingly trivial symptoms, and continued to indulge in card skills.
Finally the game was over, but it was already 3 a.mMr. Zhang leaned feebly against the corner, his pale lips and sweaty forehead in stark contrast to his flushed cheeks. The player finally realized the seriousness of the situation and quickly called the first aid**.
The ambulance took Mr. Zhang to the hospitalThe doctor understood the situation, looked at Mr. Zhang's specific signs, and suspected that it was a heart attack, so he arranged a coronary angiography and cholesterol test, and found that the bad cholesterol content was too high, which was 57 mmol l, resulting in excessive cumulative exposure to cholesterol; At the same time, it was found that the anterior descending artery had acute occlusion, complete occlusion, and its stenosis was 100%, inducing acute myocardial infarction.
At this time, it was found that Mr. Zhang's status was declining, heart rate and to more than 130 beats per minute. In the end, after five full days of rescue, he was finally able to turn the corner. After waking up, the doctor repeatedly warned him that bad cholesterol is too high, resulting in an increase in cholesterol cumulative exposure, which is the first booster of heart and brain diseases, and reminded him to pay attention to it, take medication regularly, and monitor changes in cholesterol levels.
Through this case, we learned that high blood pressure can easily induce myocardial infarction, so we need to understand some relevant knowledge, such as why we should avoid myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction? Controlling blood pressure is not a reduction in the probability of its onset. We'll explain it in detail below.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, are recognized as the main killers of health in modern society. Their occurrence is extremely acute and potentially fatal, and the degree of harm is large enough to cause global concern and alarm.
First, myocardial infarction is a source of danger to the heart and life
A heart attack, or myocardial infarction, is a serious heart condition caused by a blockage of blood flow to the coronary arteries. The heart is the core of the blood circulation throughout the body, and once an infarction occurs, it means that the core of the blood delivery system has a functional failure. In this case, a myocardial infarction can quickly lead to cardiac failure and deathAnd it can trigger a series of chain reactions - such as arrhythmias, heart failure, etc. Even if patients survive, they are often left with a range of cardiac dysfunctions that affect their subsequent quality of life and even lead to disability.
Second, cerebral infarction - loss of brain function, resulting in irreversible damage
Cerebral infarction, also known as cerebral infarction, is mostly caused by cerebral vascular blockage, and the symptoms presented at the onset of stroke are essentially acute ischemia of brain tissue. The brain, as the center of the nervous system, is extremely sensitive to oxygen and nutrients. Once a blood vessel in the brain is blocked, the brain tissue in that area suffers permanent damage within a short period of time, which can lead to the loss of speech, movement, and even thinking skills. Due to the limited ability to repair nerve cells, recovery after cerebral infarction is often a long and difficult process, and some patients need to face lifelong disability and care.
At the same time, a common feature of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction is the rapidity of their onset. Once a coronary artery or cerebral blood vessel is blocked, the tissue loses blood rapidly**, and the longer this bloodless state (ischemia) continues, the more severely the affected tissue is damaged. This acute, rapid process of damage means that the heart and brain have an extremely limited time to protect them, and a slight delay can lead to irreversible consequences.
Moreover, the occurrence of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction is related to a variety of factors. The most common is atherosclerosis, and long-term high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes all increase the risk. In addition, an individual's Xi habits, genetic factors, and environmental factors may also play a role. It should not be ignored that psychological factors such as long-term stress and anxiety are also background factors for the high incidence of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction.
In general, myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction are so harmful because they cause rapid and sometimes irreversible damage to the heart and brain, which are vital organs for human life. By understanding the causes and harms of these diseases, the public and the healthcare system will be able to take more effective preventive measures and emergency responses, while minimizing the health losses caused by these two diseases by keeping an eye on blood pressure levels that are not too high or too low.
Cholesterol is a lipid that plays an important physiological function in the body. However, when cholesterol accumulates to excessively high levels, it increases the risk of heart attack and cerebral infarction. The following is an in-depth look at why cumulative cholesterol exposure affects myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, and explains the specific reasons for this.
First, we need to understand what cholesterol cumulative exposure is. In simple terms, cumulative cholesterol exposure refers to the total amount of cholesterol a person ingests over a period of time. This indicator is mainly related to the amount of bad cholesterol. In general, for adults,The normal range for LDL cholesterol should be less than 32 mmol/l。YesHowever, it is important to note that the normal range may vary depending on the age group and for specific disease conditions.
Therefore, we should pay attention to the cumulative exposure to cholesterol, because its relationship with myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction can be explained by its impact on vascular health. High levels of cholesterol can lead to the development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that forms plaque on the walls of blood vessels by accumulating cholesterol plaque, leading to narrowing, hardening, and instability of blood vessels. These changes increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Second, cumulative cholesterol exposure affects vascular endothelial function. The endothelium of blood vessels is a layer of cells on the inside of the blood vessel wall, which plays a vital role in maintaining the function of blood vessels. High levels of cholesterol can impair the function of the vascular endothelium, causing it to produce an inflammatory response and oxidative stress, further contributing to the development of atherosclerosis. In addition, cholesterol can also affect some special functions of the endothelium, such as regulating vascular tone, inhibiting thrombosis, and maintaining blood flow, thereby further increasing the risk of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction.
In addition, cumulative cholesterol exposure can accelerate plaque rupture and thrombosis. Rupture of atherosclerotic plaques is one of the main triggers of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction. When cholesterol enters a plaque in the form of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), it stimulates an inflammatory response, making the plaque more prone to breakdown, and releasing substances rich in platelet-aggregating factor. These factors can further induce the formation of blood clots, which can block or narrow blood vessels, leading to myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction.
Finally, cumulative cholesterol exposure may also affect the occurrence of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction through other mechanisms. For example, cholesterol can increase the concentration of calcium within heart muscle cells, leading to angina pectoris and myocardial ischemia. In addition, cholesterol can also adversely affect angiogenesis and repair processes by influencing platelet aggregation and agglutination, regulating the production of inflammatory cytokines, and other pathways.
Controlling blood pressure is an effective way to prevent and reduce the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and their related complications. Through the adjustment of Xi habits, scientific medications**, and the Xi of regular blood pressure monitoring, it is entirely possible for people to avoid a series of health risks caused by blood pressure problems. Paying attention to high blood pressure not only protects the heart and brain, but also has an invaluable value in maintaining overall health.
A myocardial infarction, medically known as myocardial infarction, is a condition in which blood flow to parts of the heart is interrupted due to a sudden blockage of a coronary artery, which can lead to serious life-threatening consequences. Recognizing the early signs of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction not only saves lives, but also reduces myocardial damage due to delays. In this article, the warning signs of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction are accompanied by reasonable explanations to help readers identify and take corresponding measures in advance.
First, chest pain – the most common alarm
Chest pain is the most typical symptom of a myocardial infarction and is often described as a feeling of pressure, pressure, or pain behind the breastbone. The pain is sometimes accompanied by a burning sensation or as if something heavy is pressing on the chest. Chest pain may extend to the shoulders, arms, neck, teeth, jaw or upper abdomen。These symptoms occur due to hypoxic pain caused by the heart muscle's inability to meet its demand for oxygen. It is important to note that the pain may last for a few minutes and is not relieved by a change in position, breathing, or quiet rest.
Second, dyspnea – a warning sign of a myocardial infarction
Dyspnea may be either a precursor to or a sign of an ongoing myocardial infarction. Shortness of breath usually occurs after chest pain, but it can also occur in isolation. A heart attack causes the heart to pump blood and blood to become trapped in the lungs, causing breathing problems. When the heart is unable to pump blood out efficiently, patients may experience difficulty breathing deeply or even feel deprived of oxygen.
Third, nausea, vomiting, and cold sweats – signs of shock
People with a heart attack may experience nausea, vomiting, and night sweats. This is due to a response from the autonomic nervous system caused by insufficient blood supply to the heart. Pain signals in the heart are transmitted to the brain through nerve pathways and can have an effect on the gastrointestinal tract, causing nausea or vomiting. In addition, myocardial infarction can trigger the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, causing patients to experience clammy and cold sweats, which is also considered a warning sign of a cardiac event.
Fourth, syncope or dizziness - a consequence of insufficient blood supply
In some cases, a heart attack can cause syncope (temporary loss of consciousness) or dizziness. This is because a heart attack reduces the heart's ability to pump blood, resulting in a lack of blood supply to the brain. Syncope can mean that the area where the heart attack has occurred is large, and the heart's ability to pump blood has been significantly impaired, a serious sign that emergency medical attention is needed.
In addition, sudden numbness of the face and limbs may occur before the onset of cerebral infarction, especially abnormal symptoms such as weakness of facial expression muscles and drooping corners of the mouth. These signs are often caused by blockage or rupture of blood vessels in the brain that cause nerve conduction to be blocked. Once you have such numbness, it is important to pay enough attention and seek medical attention in time for further examination. Early symptoms of numbness can be a sign of a cerebral infarction, and ignoring it means missing the best time.
If there is a sudden appearance of slurred speech, or problems with not being able to express or understand other people's language normally, or even aphasia, it is a common warning sign before cerebral infarction。This speech disorder is often caused by a lack of blood supply to the brain, and if you or someone close to you is experiencing such symptoms, especially if there is no other obvious cause, seek medical attention quickly. Timely detection of speech and language disorders can help early diagnosis and reduce the damage caused by cerebral infarction.
In addition, vision loss is one of the signs that may appear before a cerebral infarction. Before cerebral infarction, patients may suffer from vision problems such as unilateral vision loss, blurred vision, and even blindness. These symptoms are usually caused by an inadequate blood supply to the brain and require prompt testing to determine the cause. If you notice an abnormal change in your vision, don't ignore it. Regular eye health check-ups and active vision protection can reduce the risk of cerebral infarction and maintain brain health.
For symptoms of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, early recognition is crucial. In cases of suspected myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, emergency medical services should be called immediately and taken to the hospital as soon as possible. While waiting for the ambulance to arrive, the patient should be kept calm and monitored for vital signs. If the patient is unconscious and not breathing, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be started immediately.
In conclusion, through Mr. Zhang's case, we understand that myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction can be quickly life-threatening, so identifying their precursor symptoms is essential to prevent serious consequences. Of course, we usually need to control blood pressure and so on to avoid the occurrence of myocardial infarction or cerebral infarction. When seeking medical attention, patients should describe their symptoms in detail and follow their doctor's recommendations for testing and**. Proper management of the signs of a heart attack can not only save lives, but also reduce long-term health problems due to damage to the heart muscle.
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2.Zhang Yongsheng, Li Weimin, Yang Xinchun. Cardiology[M].People's Medical Publishing House, 2013
3.Wang Zhongzhong, Zhang Qin, Li Dongya. Cerebrovascular disease[M].People's Medical Publishing House, 2010