With the rapid development of industrialization, the noise and vibration generated by machinery and equipment in the production process have become a problem that cannot be ignored. Being in a high-noise and vibration environment for a long time will not only seriously affect the health of workers, but also cause noise pollution to the surrounding environment. Therefore, how to effectively reduce mechanical noise and vibration noise has become an urgent problem to be solved in the industrial field. This article will introduce in detail the mechanical noise and vibration noise, noise reduction methods, sound insulation treatment, etc.
1. Mechanical noise and vibration noise.
Mechanical noise is mainly due to the sound generated by friction, impact, vibration, etc. between various parts during the operation of mechanical equipment. For example, the operation of motors, reducers, conveyor belts, etc., generates mechanical noise. The vibration noise is mainly due to the vibration of the ground, buildings and other objects caused by power transmission and vibration during the operation of mechanical equipment, and then the sound is generated. This sound usually has a low-frequency characteristic, travels a long distance, and has a greater impact on the surrounding environment.
2. Noise reduction method.
For mechanical noise and vibration noise, the following noise reduction methods are mainly adopted:
1.Anechoic method.
The anechoic method is to reduce noise by muffling the sound source or propagation path. Specific methods include installing a device at the sound source or setting up a silencer channel in the propagation path. The design of the muffler needs to be tailored to the specific noise source and propagation route to achieve the best noise reduction.
2.Vibration isolation.
The vibration isolation method is to reduce the vibration noise by installing a shock absorber or vibration isolator under the mechanical equipment to isolate the transmission of equipment vibration to the foundation. The selection of shock absorbers and isolators needs to be designed according to the specific equipment weight, vibration frequency and other factors to achieve the best vibration isolation effect.
3.Sound absorption.
The sound absorption method is to absorb and reflect part of the sound energy by installing sound-absorbing materials on the indoor wall or roof to achieve the purpose of reducing indoor noise. The selection of sound-absorbing materials needs to be selected according to the specific indoor environment and noise frequency to achieve the best sound-absorbing effect.
3. Sound insulation treatment.
In addition to noise reduction, the impact of mechanical and vibration noise on the surrounding environment can also be reduced by sound insulation. Here are some common soundproofing treatments:
1.Build a soundproof wall.
Building a soundproof wall around a factory is a common soundproofing treatment. Acoustic walls can be built using materials such as bricks and concrete, and the thicker and denser the wall, the better the sound insulation. At the same time, the interior of the wall can be filled with sound-absorbing material to improve the sound insulation.
2.Install soundproof doors and windows.
For doors and windows that need to be opened and closed frequently, soundproof doors and windows can be used. Soundproof doors and windows can be made of multi-layer glass, plastic steel and other materials, which can effectively isolate external noise. At the same time, the interior of the doors and windows can be filled with sound-absorbing materials to improve the sound insulation effect.
3.Install soundproofing.
For some large mechanical equipment, sound insulation equipment can be installed inside the equipment, such as sound insulation covers, sound insulation rooms, etc. These devices can be made of sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials, which can effectively reduce the transmission of mechanical noise.
4.Control job time.
For some noisy operations, the operation time can be reasonably arranged, and high-noise operations can be avoided at night or during the rest time of residents, so as to reduce the impact on the surrounding residents.
IV. Conclusions. Mechanical noise and vibration noise are unavoidable problems in industrial production, but their impact on the environment and human health can be reduced by taking effective noise reduction and insulation measures. In practical applications, it is necessary to consider the specific equipment and environmental conditions comprehensively, and select the appropriate noise reduction and sound insulation methods to achieve the best results. At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen the research and development and application of industrial noise control technology, continuously improve the effect of noise reduction and sound insulation, and make greater contributions to the sustainable development of industrial production and environmental protection.