Taiyuan Fu Shan is a cultural wonder person with lofty national integrity in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties of our country, he is proficient in literature, history and philosophy, good at poetry, calligraphy and painting, especially calligraphy, calligraphy and painting, the calligraphy is higher than the dust, true, grass, subordinate, seal all the body is fine, famous throughout the ancient and modern.
Fu Shan's ink has left a lot of life, and the people of later generations love it like a treasure. It is said that his book "Thousand Character Text", there are four kinds of seal, subordinate, Kai, grass, four volumes, the same specification, the same size, Kai, grass two volumes are given to his friend, the owner of Danfeng Pavilion Mr. Dai Fengzhong. It's a pity that only grass, Kai, and Li are visible, and the whereabouts of a seal book are still unknown.
In August 1935, Xiaokai Thousand Character Text was published by the then Shanxi Book Company in the original large fine printing of the Koluo edition, and the "Cursive Thousand Character Text" was collected by Zhao Zhengkai in the Shanxi publishing industry at that time before the founding of the People's Republic of China. Zhao lives in Taiwan, and the "Cursive Thousand Character Text" has been carefully kept by his wife, Xing Maohua. Recommended by the then Deputy Minister of the Propaganda Department of the Taiyuan Municipal Party Committee, his eldest son Zhao Hezhi donated the book to the Shanxi Provincial Museum in 1982 and published by the Shanxi People's Publishing House.
This is the work of Mr. Fu Shan in his later years, although the author claims that "my old self is like iron......With dazzling eyes, the pen is a conjecture", but read it carefully, a thousand words in one go, flying down, the words are magnificent, can be described as a boutique with good charm. Mr. Zhang Taiyan once commented: "Fu Gong claims to be a strong press, his cursive is just like it, Xiaokai is unique and ancient, after learning the Tao, destroying the rigid is soft, but the treasure is also." ”
Fu Shan's Lishu Qianziwen was collected by a high-ranking Kuomintang officer, and was provided by the Shanxi Academy of Social Sciences in February 1987 when it edited and published Fu Shan's Complete Works, and was later included on page 2136 of Fu Shan's Complete Calligraphy.
As a lover of Fu Shan's calligraphy, Yu carefully read the three kinds of "Thousand Character Text" of Kai, Cao and Li, and always felt that "Lishu Thousand Character Text" was unique and enlightening.
Fu Shan Lishu is based on Han Li, melting and casting seals, deeply won the essence of Han Li, borrowing from the past to open the present, keeping the integrity and innovation, simple and unbridled, strong pen power, square and round pen meaning, strong lines, and colorful structure, forming the unique charm of its official book. Guo Shangxian of the Qing Dynasty praised Fu Shan in "Fangjian Pavilion Inscription" and said: "Mr. Xue Zhijie is the first-rate figure at the beginning of the country, and the world is very important. Wang Shizhen once praised in "Chibei Occasional Talk": "Mountain, labor division and gold and stone seal carving. "The Poetry of Gulu" said that it was "a strange body, as famous as Zheng Gukou (Zheng Yan)", and Zheng Banqiao also praised Fu Li.
Fu Shanzhi's "Lishu Thousand Character Text" has a total of 15 pages, 6 lines per page, 12 words per line, the word spacing is large and the line spacing is small, which is very in line with the chapter layout of the traditional Lishu, which is very atmospheric. Fu Shan is very respectful of the official book, in the "Confucius Monument" he wrote: "'Delay the case is urgent, the long wave is gloomy', quite the slightest in the book. "If you raise your head and raise your tail, you will stab the evil system", and it refers specifically to the eight-point seal method, which is like using a knife, and the pen is also strong. (Frost Red Niche Collection, Essays, Vol. 15).
According to Mr. Wu Liancheng, an expert in cultural and museum affairs, the four sentences of "slow case and urgent pick, long wave and depressed breeze" and "head and tail, straight stab the evil system" are the words in Cheng Gongsui's "Lishu Style", and the two words of "slow case and urgent pick, look forward to the head and raise the tail" are the two words of the subordinate, eighth-point selection method, that is, the regular script Yongzi Eight Laws of the Whisk Method, "Long Wave Yu Whibi, Straight Piercing Evil System" is the Lishu, eighth-point method, that is, the regular script Yongzi Eight Laws of the law, familiar with these four languages, the subtlety of the Lishu, you can think about it more than half.
In the Ming Dynasty, with the development of archaeology, it was emphasized that calligraphers must be able to understand the seal. Feng Fang emphasized in the "Book Formula": "The books of the ancient masters must be sealed, and then the structure is pure and ancient, so that it can be turned into a strong and easy." Fu Shan advocated that Kai must come from the seal, and he said bluntly: "The regular script does not come from the seal and is not eight points, that is, the servility is not enough to view." Therefore, he often adds the knots and brushwork of the seal to the regular script, which is very simple. For example, the Palace Museum's collection of "Fu Qing's main book of ancient poems nineteen", although the tone of Yan Zhenqing, but there are a lot of seals in it, as the editor's comment: "This post is a book, but the law of the seal, the meaning of the seal, the rhyme of the subordinate, the momentum of the grass, all have." The integration of all bodies can be described as a natural skill. ”
Overall, the taste of Lishu is more sufficient. Flip the first page (see Figure 2), just 24 words, of which the characteristics of the Lishu are obvious: "Pan", "Rong", "Ying", "Huai", "Sleeve", "Road", "Yuan" and "Zhi".
Fu Shan is a generalist, in addition to cursive and regular script, he is also proficient in Han Li, Zhangcao, Bafen, Xiao Seal, Gu Yi and so on. The most touching thing in Lishu is his "Lishu Thousand Character Text", which has thousands of words and faces, and thousands of postures, regardless of its vertical and horizontal, all exquisite. To sum it up, there are three:
One is to trace the ancients. Fu Shan said in Volume 22 of the Frost Red Niche Collection: "If the words are different from the text, the words are not like the ancients, that is, they are not words;If the text is a printing plate for the ancients, it should be called WenyeThis is the most difficult thing to say. In the "Frost Red Niche Collection: Miscellaneous Notes" volume 26, "On Heirloom Calligraphy", he said: "(Han Li's first method) is wonderful in that people don't know the ugliness and simplicity of this method. The word "type Lishi seal" in the "Lishu Thousand Character Text", the seal book, the shape of the ancient Zhou, the penmanship is heavily mixed into the Lishu, although it is very difficult to read, but it is simple and beautiful, giving people a pleasing feeling.
Second, it is said to abandon the flat. Han Li is characterized by flatness, but Fu Shan regarded "always making a wide and flat shape" as one of the taboos in his discussion of "the taboo of books". In the article, he wrote: "Writing should not be written in the form of a wide flatten. That is, the same wide flat, such as the west, and, four, and dish, and the like, also go to the gods, so that they do not feel that it is wonderful to be wide and flat. (Frost Red Niche Collection, Miscellaneous Notes, Volume 26) In view of this point of view, the entire official script is vertically elongated, and the knot of the seal script is completely used.
The three are varied. Fu Shan is a strange person, and his calligraphy is often unpredictable and difficult to read with many strange character variations. The literati of the late Ming Dynasty were still "strange", and Fu Shan used writing strange characters as a means of overcoming clumsiness. "Thousand Character Text" is often written and even recited by many people, he used more odd characters when writing, and a large number of words created by himself, like "Biluo Tablet" as varied, which has become a prominent feature of his "Lishu Thousand Character Text". Many of his official scripts boldly shifted, such as the words "sea", "qing" and "frost", all of which shifted the left and right structures into upper and lower structures, which was a unique scene. In the "Lishu Thousand Character Text", Fu Shan increased the intensity of the "silkworm head swallowtail", the swallowtail is written like a knife carving, and some relatively complex characters are written very simply, making people elusive.
In the Qing Dynasty calligraphy, the official script can be regarded as "the peaks stand up", and for Fu Shan's official calligraphy, there are criticisms from time to time, and these criticisms are mostly concentrated on the "strange". The author believes that Mr. Fu Shan's "strange" is out of the ancient but not intended for the ancient, and the strange is not kept strange, and the ancient is full of new and elegant, and he practiced his exposition of worshiping Han Li: "The incredible place of Han Li is just hard and clumsy, and there is no arrangement at the beginning. (Frost Red Niche Collection, Miscellaneous Notes, Vol. 27).