Farmers work hard in the fields, endure the wind and sun all year round, and devote all their efforts to harvesting the fruits, but they also have to worry about the failure of the grains that extreme weather may bring.
In the sales process after harvesting fruits, the bargaining power of farmers themselves for fruit products is also very weak, so that when the local government supports rural planting, the first question of farmers is not how to plant, but to ask in unisonHow to sell it, and whether it can be sold at the normal market price.
This is the problem of unsalable fruits that China is currently facing, which has plagued farmers year after year.
According to data published by the National Bureau of Statistics,In 2021, China's fruit product output was 29,970With 20,000 tons and an output value of nearly 2 trillion yuan, it is the world's largest fruit producer. This is a set of figures to be proud of, but behind the glossy appearance, China's annual fruit loss is as high as 12 million tons, and the resulting economic losses are high400 billionRMB, you can use it".There is no marketFour words to sum up.
Lanmeiyuan Village, Zhuyu Town, Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi Province is a well-known nectarine holy land in the country, and every household in the village is planting nectarine, and nectarines have become a pillar industry of the local economy. But a few years ago,The purchase volume of local nectarine merchants has dropped sharply, and the purchase price has also plummeted to about 30% of previous years, as a result, farmers have unsalable nectarine, and fruit farmers have poured nectarines into the ditchA year's hard work was wasted, whether it was the value of the fruit or the blood and sweat of the farmers, it could not help but be regretted.
Incidents such as these are not uncommon in the fruit industry, and in the early years, farmers in Zhanjiang did not buy enough bananas to buy themThree cents a pound, even much lower than the cost input. Zhangzhou's 30,000 tons of high-quality lychee doors can be crowded, and eventually suffered from unsalable.
As for the reasons for this kind of phenomenon, there are only three points:1.The seasonal concentrated listing of agricultural products leads to an oversupply in the market in the short term. 2.The docking of supply and demand information lags behind, and farmers follow the trend of planting, and the product type is single. 3.Fruit products themselves have quality problems and weak market competitiveness.
One of the main problems is that when farmers plant fruits, they cannot obtain the latest information of the fruit market in time, and the closed channel information ability causes farmers to greatly reduce their judgment of the best products, resulting in the phenomenon of blindly following the trend of planting, and lacking their own judgment on the demand for the market.
And the domestic fruit itself also has two major drawbacks, oneThe homogenization of fruit products is serious and lacks brand support. Second, a small number of growers have stubborn planting diseases.
Here are two examples.
In 2021, a businessman in China smuggled the buds of the fruit trees developed by Zespri New Zealand to China, where they were planted by Chinese fruit farmers on a large scale. As a result, Zespri filed a lawsuit against the businessman, and the High Court of New Zealand finally awarded the businessman compensation55.58 millionRenminbi.
This matter has caused fierce controversy in the country, and the points of public controversy are:We grow our own fruits, what does it matter to foreigners?
In fact, Chinese fruits have long been in a situation where they are dumb and eat Coptis chinensis, such as the kiwi fruit mentioned aboveThere are 54 varieties in the world, and China covers 52 speciesBut in the end, Zespri New Zealand carried it forward and became the world's most famous kiwifruit brand, and its products are exported to more than 70 countries overseas.
China's kiwifruit production is five times that of New Zealand, but after New Zealand sells its own kiwifruit to China, it can still be in short supply in the Chinese market, and the price can even be higher than that of domestic kiwifruitTriple timesThat's the economic benefit of branding.
At that time, the Wuhan Botanical Garden had painstakingly cultivated the golden peach kiwifruit, but none of the domestic companies were willing to take over with a reasonable **, and the disheartened Wuhan Botanical Garden finally sold the patent right to use the domestic market to Italy, which promised to expand the planting area of the variety, and at the same time will continue to pay patent fees.
So something happened-If we want to sell the kiwifruit brand in the Chinese market, we must first introduce it from abroadIt's ironic, but who can we blame?
New Zealand's ability to sell kiwifruit well all over the world relies on its own excellent brand efficiency, and it also exposes a key problem of domestic fruitsWithout brand support, it is impossible to make a name for itself.
For example, we all know that Korla fragrant pear, Xinjiang cantaloupe, Guangxi banana, such regional public brands can be described as thunderous, but if you think about it carefully, there are no well-known corporate brands in various fruit fields. If a street sells Xinjiang cantaloupe, how can we have a guided consumption?You must know that even the buns have a name that dogs ignore them.
The second problem is the problem of fruit farmers in production and planting, such as hasThe land of mandarinsIn Wuming District, Nanning, Guangxi, fruit farmers are in order to improve the quality of fruits, privately adjust the dilution concentration of antibacterialAs a result, it was finally the problem of potential safety hazards under the reporter's unannounced visit.
The mandarin pesticide is only a microcosm of the chaos in China's fruit industry, and what we really need to pay attention to is the control and self-inspection of fruit farmers for their own products. Another example is the Sunshine Rose grape imported from Japan, which was once all the rage, which was originally crystal clear and sweet. However, under the unscrupulous expansion of Chinese fruit growers, the taste of the grapes eventually plummeted, and the variety advantage was completely depletedNow the market price of Sunshine Rose has dropped from the original 200 yuan string to the current 65 yuan catty.
As early as 2011 2013, China's fruit import and export remained in a state of balance, but since 2013, the proportion of China's imported fruit market has begun to soarBananas, citrus, longan, dragon fruitand other types of imports accounted for more than that
How to get Chinese fruits out of the ranks of unsalable and regain the position of the domestic mainstream market?First of allImprove your own quality.
Up to now, Chinese fruits still have not perfected the standardized quality management system, which has led to the indiscriminate filling of some inferior fruits, which has continuously flowed into the market, and constantly impacted the quality and image of Chinese fruits.
In the early years, the focus of scientific research of the National Award was on grain breeding, after all, solving the problem of people's food and clothing was the primary goal, and fruit and vegetable breeding was not officially launched until the reform and opening up. However, fruit and vegetable breeding is an extremely long process, and the cultivation of a new variety is probably required24 yearsTime. Therefore, we prefer to directly introduce mature and high-quality varieties from abroad, which seems to be able to directly meet the needs of the domestic fruit market, but in fact it is a very short-sighted measure.
2021** proposed".Do a good job in the battle of turning over the planting industryThe goal slogan,Vigorously strengthen the cultivation of independent varietiesThis is undoubtedly an opportunity for domestic fruits to soar. NextGrasp the intellectual property rights of seeds, and strengthen standardized planting and social brand servicesIt is believed that Chinese fruits can return to the mainstay of the market.
As for the unsalable fruits, we can also summarize several good strategies from the current market.
The first isOpen up market information and broaden sales channels. Nowadays, the Internet is prevalent, every household can access the Internet to obtain market information in a timely manner, and with the help of the best personnel, farmers can quickly obtain more information channels, and then cultivate the awareness of independent planting, and avoid aimless follow-up production.
The second is the crucial e-commerce platform, which is a rare high-quality channel for fruit salesIt can break the restrictions between regions, save more intermediate links, and then reduce the planting cost of fruit farmers. At present, there are many domestic e-commerce platforms, and they have carried out a series of seckill rescue activities for fruits, such as fruit rescue, fruit sales, etc.
The second isInnovations on the part of the growers themselvesIn the case that the sales of the fruit itself are blocked, fruit farmers can change their thinking and make fruits into juice, jam, dried fruit, jelly, fruit wine and other processed products. Diversifying the sale of fruits to meet the preferences of today's young people will inevitably further increase the profitability of fruit farmers.
All in all, unsalable fruit is a long-standing problem in China, but the social development and policy tilt has also given the fruit industry more sales channels and opportunities, but also hope that everyone will pay more attention to domestic fruits, and contribute to the sustainable development of domestic fruits.