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At the end of 1941, Sun Liren's new 38th Division of the Kuomintang Army, which was reorganized from the Tax Police Corps of the Ministry of Finance, was ordered to join the Chinese Expeditionary Force and soon entered Burma. At that time, Burma was a British colony, and nearly 100,000 well-equipped British troops were stationed, but these British troops had no fighting spirit in the face of the more than 60,000 Japanese invaders who came to invade and retreated. On April 15, 1942, the Anglo-Burmese 1st Division was surrounded in the vicinity of the Ringanqiang oil field, although the division was equipped with tanks and heavy artillery, it did not dare to break through on its own, and finally it was rescued thanks to the timely arrival of the new 38th Division.
During the Anti-Japanese War, the new 38th Division performed bravely
The new 38th Division became famous in the victory of Ren'anqiang, not only rescued the besieged British troops, but also rescued more than 500 American journalists and missionaries who were captured and held hostage by the Japanese invaders, shocking China and foreign countries. After the Japanese invaders occupied Burma, the main force of the new 38th Division withdrew into India with the defeated British army, and traveled all the way, and in the end there were only more than 6,000 people left. But their achievements and performance made Stilwell, the chief of staff of the Allied China Theater at the time, a U.S. Army lieutenant general, very satisfied.
In the following year or so, the new 38th Division was quickly replenished under Stilwell's arrangement, and with it as the backbone, it was expanded into the New 1st Army, and all the US military equipment was reequipped, and from officers to soldiers were trained by the US military, among the millions of Kuomintang troops, only the New 6th Army, which was also established in India, had this treatment, and the rest of the so-called US military equipment units were trained by the US military to train a small number of officers, and then these officers went back to teach.
In the middle of the Liberation War, most of the soldiers were lost
After the surrender of the Japanese on August 15, 1945, the new 38th Division was transferred to the Northeast Battlefield with the New 1st Army, and as a pioneer, it rushed all the way to the south bank of the Songhua River. Since most of the division's troops needed to be rebuilt, although the front was supplemented by hundreds of conscripts, it was only restored to 11,000 men, and there was still a shortage of 2,000 men.
However, because the division kept a lot of ** during the Indo-Burmese war in the past, and received a batch of private storage after the Japanese surrendered, the equipment can barely maintain the level of the past. Each infantry squad has 1 light machine gun, the squad leader and deputy squad leader are equipped with submachine guns, and each platoon has 2 mortars;Each battalion is equipped with a machine gun company and a rocket platoon, equipped with 8 heavy machine guns and 4 rocket launchers;Each regiment is equipped with a mortar company and is equipped with 12 mortars and 8 anti-aircraft guns. However, the heavy artillery unit was greatly weakened, and the division's 105-mm howitzer battalion and vehicle-mounted mountain artillery battalion were all transferred, leaving only one 75-mm mountain artillery battalion carried by mules and horses, as well as more than 300 trucks and jeeps.
He was transferred from the New 1st Army to the New 7th Army
With the arrival of Chief of Staff Chen Cheng in the Northeast in the autumn of 1947, the new 38th Division ushered in a new turmoil. It turned out that in order to expand the army, Chen Cheng ordered the division to be transferred out of the new 1st Army sequence, and combined with Liu Depu's provisional 56th Division and Deng Shifu's provisional 61st Division to form the new 7th Army, and division commander Li Hong was promoted to commander of the army. In this way, it seems that the strength of the new 38th Division has been tripled, but in fact, the provisional 56th Division is the reorganization of the puppet Manchurian ** team, and the provisional 61st Division is an upgrade of bandits and local security regiments.
At the end of 1947, Chen Cheng ordered the 30th Division of the New 1st Army to be airlifted to Shenyang, and let the other 2 divisions of the army march south along the Zhongchang Railway to Shenyang, leaving only the New 7th Army to continue to stay in Changchun. In February 1948, due to repeated defeats in the Northeast Battlefield, Chen Cheng had to take the blame and resign, and was replaced by Wei Lihuang, the former commander of the Chinese Expeditionary Force, but the arrival of the old commander did not change the unfavorable situation of the new 38th Division.
During the Liaoshen Campaign, he was forced to surrender
Although the three divisions of the 60th Army withdrew from Jilin and retreated into Changchun by luck, the army was a miscellaneous member of the Yunnan Army, and the new 38th Division under the ** Army of the Yan Department could not pee in a pot at all. On October 17, Zeng Zesheng, commander of the 60th Army, simply threw off the new 38th Division and other units, directly led the remnants of more than 20,000 people under his command to revolt, and quickly handed over his own defense area;After hearing the news, the provisional 56th Division and the provisional 61st Division also secretly sent people to contact the Northeast Field Army, and the new 38th Division was completely reduced to a lonely army, so it could only choose to surrender and let go. Liberation of Changchun.