Strawberry planting has always been, strawberries because of its sweet and sour taste, snorting smell, rich nutritional value, won people's love, some people will be together with mangosteen, blueberry all the way to the "fruit queen", but also concave strawberry in people's hearts.
At this moment, in order to complete the off-season cultivation of strawberries and obtain greater Chinese New Year's Eve and Chinese New Year's Eve economic benefits, strawberry planting mostly adopts plastic film wrapped in small arch sheds to curb planting, in order to be able to go on the market as soon as possible to meet the market demand, the key lies in the summer management, the first thing to grasp the following five skill points.
1. Buckle the shed for insulation in time.
When the temperature drops below 5, a semicircular small arch should be buckled on the strawberry cultivation furrow in time and covered with colorless plastic film. In the early stage of the shed, it is necessary to hope for ventilation to avoid more than 30 in the shed, especially around noon when the sky is cloudless and the sun is strong, and the high temperature should be avoided. In addition, when the minimum temperature in the shed is around 5, the film should be covered with paper or grass at night to keep warm, and the sunrise during the day should be removed in time to increase the daylight, increase the temperature in the shed, and beware of frost damage or roots. In the cold days, if the maximum temperature in the shed is below 10, do not remove the protective insulation information during the day, so as to facilitate the strawberries to survive the winter. After the "59" and "69" days, when the outside temperature fluctuates above 0, you can remove the paper quilt or straw after sunrise during the day, but cover it in time before sunset in the evening to confront the higher temperature in the arch. When the temperature in the small arch shed also swings at night and the confrontation is above 5, the protective objects can be removed, and the climate changes at any time, and timely ventilation to avoid high temperature damage.
2. Prevent early budding and early flowering.
In the process of strawberry delivery in the greenhouse, the early budding and early flowering of the plant are casually produced. This phenomenon produces excessive amounts and can seriously affect the yield and quality of strawberries. The early budding and early flowering of strawberries in greenhouses are related to the following components. First, it is related to the characteristics of the species. Flower buds are randomly differentiated and dormant species with shallow dormancy, such as Lihong, autumn spray nose, etc., the dormancy time only takes 50 hours, and the amount of high temperature required during the dormancy period is less, and the phenomenon of early budding is casually presented. Second, it is related to the premature differentiation of flower buds caused by the influence of fertilizer and false planting. In order to avoid early budding and early flowering of strawberries, the following should be done during childbirth: First, choose the right species. Greenhouse cultivation should choose species with shallow dormancy. It is assumed that the species with strong dormancy should be selected, and the insulation should not be too early. Second, in the process of raising seedlings, fertilize fairly, strengthen management, and cultivate strong seedlings. Through the old leaves, remove the inflorescence, straighten out the Pufu stem, spray gibberellin and other preparations, strengthen the management of the mother plant, and give birth to excellent and strong seedlings. The third is to hope for temperature control after the shed. For plants that have produced early buds and early flowering, remove flower buds in time, strengthen fertilizer and water management, promote axillary bud flowering and fruiting, and increase damage and fall.
3. Strengthen the handling of fertilizer and water.
Strawberries in greenhouses have a long fruiting period, and they should be fairly topdressed on the basis of heavy basal fertilizer to meet their nutritional requirements. Top dressing adopts the rope ruler of "a large number of times", from the buckle shed to the bud, it can be fertilized with shallow water once in 10 days, and each time 10 kg of urea per mu, 5-8 kg of superphosphate and potassium chloride each. In addition, in the early and middle stages, it can be sprayed with contact, and foliar sprays such as multiple micro-fertilizers or phytosphine and other inorganic nutrient solutions can be sprayed to improve the fruit weight and sugar content of strawberries. The temperature in the greenhouse is too high, and the evaporation of soil moisture is large, so it should be irrigated in time. The outside temperature is high in the early stage, and the irrigation is curbed in the evening;In the early stage, the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse was low, and the irrigation was curbed in the morning. After irrigation, the senior step shed temperature, and then increase the amount of air to reduce the humidity. Watering is not too diligent, and every first thing is watered thoroughly. Interrupt watering 1 week before flowering, and water once 15 days after flowering.
4. Anti-deformity fruit.
Mixing some species with a large amount of pollen in the main planting species is an effective preparation to prevent strawberry deformed fruits in greenhouses. The main local planting species are Baojiao early growth, and the pollination species are spring spray nose, abundant spray nose, etc., and the popular planting is 5 -10. Strawberries should not be sprayed with pesticides during the flowering period to avoid the drop of pollen germination rate, affect fertilization, and produce deformed fruits. It can be used to prevent and control diseases before strawberry flowering, and eliminate diseased plants in time after flowering, remove diseased leaves and inflorescences, and control the spread of diseases. When the moisture is poor, the dark irrigation of the mulch film between the ridges should be curbed in time. When there is a shortage of fertilizer, apply 15 kg of 45 ternary compound fertilizer per mu, and do not apply ammonium bicarbonate. After diluting the fertilizer with water, the results of perforation and topdressing are better, how to promote fertilizer with water, and meet the needs of strawberry normal flowering and fruiting.
5. Prevention and control of pests and diseases.
Strawberries should be cultivated in small canopies, because the temperature and humidity in the shed are high, and it is easy to produce powdery mildew, gray mold and other diseases and underground beneficial insects to damage strawberry plants. Pests can be controlled with 25 phoxanthion sprinkled in the soil or mixed with fine soil before planting, or sprinkled with trichlorfon pollen in the soil. For the disease, after mulching, 300-400 times of 40-methyl tobuzine or 240 times of Bordeaux should be sprayed in time.
The above is the primary skill point of growing strawberries in greenhouses, it is the harsh winter is coming, all strawberry growers can give it a try, maybe the harvest results of the next year will be on a higher level, hurry up and take action!