PTCD is a minimally invasive procedure for biliary obstruction or biliary tract infection. After surgery, patients require a period of post-operative care to facilitate recovery and prevent complications. Here is a detailed description of the precautions after PTCD:
1. Rest in a supine position and fasting water for 6 hours after surgeryPostoperatively, the patient should be kept in a supine position to allow tissue repair and hemostasis. Food, drink and water should not be avoided for 6 hours to reduce the burden on the gastrointestinal tract and avoid increased abdominal pressure. 2. Observe blood pressure, pulse, and breathingAfter surgery, vital signs should be closely observed, and if abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitation and other discomforts are found, medical staff should be informed in time. This can be a sign of a complication of surgery and needs to be treated promptly. 3. Observe the color of the drainage fluidOn the day after surgery, the drainage fluid may be reddish due to puncture of the tissue blood vessels. If biliary obstruction is severe or biliary tract infection is severe, the drainage may be dark green. Subsequently, the drainage will gradually change in color to golden yellow or yellow-green. If you notice that the drainage fluid is dark red or bright red, you should inform your health care provider immediately, as it may be a sign of bleeding after surgery. 
4. Nursing of drainage tubes:a.Properly secure the drain:The drainage tube should be fixed in the appropriate position, and the action should not be too large when getting on and off the bed and turning over, so as to avoid pulling the drainage tube off.
b.Keep the drain open:Avoid twisting, folding, compression, and slipping. Periodically squeeze from the proximal to distal end of the drain to keep the drain flowing.
c.Adopt the appropriate position:Try to adopt a semi-sitting or inclined lying position to facilitate drainage. When lying flat, the drainage bag should not be higher than the midaxillary line;When sitting, standing, or walking, the drainage bag should not be higher than the puncture port to prevent bile reflux and infection.
d.Replace the drainage bag:**The drainage bag will be changed every day. If you notice oozing from the dressing around the drain, please notify your doctor to change it.
5. Observe the color of the stoolAfter surgery, attention should be paid to the color of the stool. If the stool is black or bloody, it may be a sign of postoperative complications, and medical staff should be notified immediately for treatment. 6. Postoperative diet:The postoperative diet should follow the principle of small and frequent meals, and focus on a low-fat diet that is easy to digest. On the first day after surgery, you should eat rice soup first, if there is no discomfort such as bloating, abdominal pain, nausea, etc., you can eat porridge, fresh fruits and vegetables from the second day. Put less oil in the food, observe for 2-3 days, if there is still no discomfort such as bloating and abdominal pain, you can gradually transition to low-fat soft food. After three weeks, gradually return to a low-fat diet with three meals a day. Eat more foods rich in vitamins and high-quality protein, ensure the daily salt intake in the diet, do not need to be overly light, and avoid high-fat diets, so as not to cause indigestion. Drink plenty of fluids to flush out excess bile salt stasis in the urine. 
Healthy care after PTCD is essential for a patient's recovery. Patients and their families should strictly follow the postoperative precautions and actively cooperate with medical staff to ensure the effectiveness of the surgery and avoid complications.