Safety operating procedures for welders
I. Introduction. Electric welding is a process that uses arc heat energy to melt the electrode and the material to be welded to form a permanent connection. However, risks such as high temperatures, sparks, toxic gases, and electric shocks can occur during the welding process, posing a threat to the safety of welders. Therefore, it is important to develop detailed procedures for the safety of welders. The following will elaborate on the procedures for welders in terms of preparation, operation process, end of work, and emergency treatment.
2. Preparations.
1.Personal protective equipment.
Dust masks: To prevent inhalation of harmful substances, welders should wear dust masks that meet national standards.
Welding mask: Choose a self-darkening welding mask with sufficient shading level and filtering to protect your eyes and face** from UV and infrared rays.
Protective gloves: Use special welding gloves that are resistant to high temperature, wear and electric shock to ensure hand safety.
Flame retardant overalls: Wear overalls made of flame-retardant materials to reduce the risk of fires caused by flying sparks.
Safety shoes: Choose safety shoes with anti-smashing, anti-puncture, and insulation properties to protect your feet from injury.
Earplugs or earmuffs: Earplugs or earmuffs should be worn when welding in noisy environments to prevent hearing damage.
2.Working environment.
Good ventilation: Ensure smooth ventilation in the welding work area to avoid the accumulation of toxic gases.
Removal of flammable materials: Before welding, clean up flammable and explosive materials in the work area, such as oil, paint, paper, etc.
Enclosed space protection: When welding in a closed or semi-enclosed space, effective exhaust equipment must be installed to ensure air circulation and prevent the accumulation of harmful gases.
Third, the operation process.
1.Device check and setup.
Electric welding machine: check whether the shell, power cord, grounding wire, etc. of the electric welding machine are intact, and confirm that its rated current, voltage and other parameters meet the welding requirements.
Welding torch and cable: Check whether the insulation layer of the welding torch and cable is damaged, and whether the interface is tightened to ensure that there is no risk of leakage.
Grounding protection: Ensure that the welding machine is reliably grounded, and the grounding resistance should be less than 4 ohms.
Welding parameter setting: According to the type, thickness and joint form of welding materials, reasonable setting of welding current (usually 100300 amps), voltage (2030 volts), speed, angle and other parameters.
2.Welding operations.
Posture of holding the gun: When holding the welding torch, the wrist should be kept naturally relaxed to avoid violent shaking to ensure the stability of the arc.
Arc starting and arc closing: Before starting welding, a section of trial welding should be carried out on the scrap material, and the welding parameters should be adjusted before formal welding. After the welding is completed, the arc should be extinguished in time to avoid long-term air burning.
Welding sequence: Operate in a reasonable welding sequence to avoid structural deformation or burn-through due to heat concentration.
Control sparks: During the welding process, pay attention to control the direction of spark splashing to prevent fire or scalding.
Fourth, the end of the work.
1.Turn off the equipment: After completing the welding, the power of the welding machine should be turned off in time and the grounding wire should be disconnected.
2.Clean up the work area: Clean up welding waste, residues, etc., to prevent fire or tripping accidents.
3.Equipment maintenance: clean and maintain the welding machine, welding gun, cable and other equipment, and repair or replace the damage in time.
4.Tool storage: Organize welding tools and protective equipment to keep the work area tidy.
5. Emergency treatment.
1.Fire emergency: In the event of a fire, the fire extinguishing equipment should be activated immediately to extinguish the fire and the police should be called in time. If the fire is out of control, evacuate the scene promptly.
2.Electric shock emergency: In the event of an electric shock accident, the power should be cut off immediately, first aid measures such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be carried out on the injured, and emergency services should be dialed quickly**.
3.Emergency for eye injuries: If welding sparks splash into the eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention as soon as possible.
4.Emergency if you feel dizzy, difficulty breathing and other symptoms, you should immediately leave the toxic gas environment, go to a well-ventilated place to rest, and seek medical attention in time.
6. Training and supervision.
1.Regular training: Conduct regular safety training for welders to improve their safety awareness and operation skills.
2.Supervision and inspection: Set up special safety management personnel to regularly supervise and inspect the operation of welders to ensure that they comply with safety operation procedures.
3.Recording and reporting: Establish a safety record and accident reporting system, track and record the operation of welders, and report and analyze accidents in a timely manner in order to improve safety measures.
This welder's safety operation procedure is an important basis for ensuring the safety and health of welders, and all welders must strictly abide by it. Companies should provide the necessary safety training and support to create a safe and healthy work environment. In practice, appropriate adjustments and supplements should be made according to the specific situation and relevant regulations.