Turkey is located in Asia and Europe as a country on the classification line. Turkey is a country that straddles Asia and Europe. Turkey is bordered by Syria and Turkey to the southeast, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran to the east, and Greece and Bulgaria to the east. Turkey has a population of 85 million and a land area of 780,000 square kilometers. Turkey is currently one of the NATO countries. Turkey is located at the crossroads connecting the Eurasian continent, and it is also an important treaty for Western countries to let Turkey join NATO, Turkey has a trump card in its hand - the Turkish Strait, which is the only channel for the Russian Black Sea Fleet to enter the Mediterranean, and Turkey has the trump card in its hand to directly contain the lifeblood of the Russian Black Sea Fleet.
The Turkish Straits are located in Europe with a graded line and are three parts including the Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara and the Dardanelles. The total length is 361 kilometers, showing northeast and southwest trends. The Turkish Straits are the only passage between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. The Turkish Straits have always been a matter of relations between Turkey and Russia. Historically, the Turks founded the Ottoman Empire, a large empire spanning Asia, Africa and Europe, with a maximum area of 5.5 million square kilometers at that time. The Ottoman Empire and Tsarist Russia fought several wars over the Black Sea coast. The Ottoman Empire was defeated by Tsarist Russia many times, but the Ottoman Empire owned the Turkish Straits and the Western powers also used the Ottoman Empire to contain Tsarist Russia. In 1841, the Western powers signed the "Straits Convention" with the Ottoman Empire, and the Western powers stipulated that the straits were blockaded to all ** ships in peacetime, and only the wartime decisions were in the hands of Turkey. In 1851, Tsarist Russia launched the Crimean War in order to better control the Turkish Straits and the Ottoman Empire defeated Tsarist Russia with the support of the British and French forces, and Tsarist Russia could only spit out large swaths of the Black Sea land. Turkey regains control of the Turkish Straits
In 1936, Turkey signed the Montreux Convention with European countries, according to the convention, the jurisdiction of the strait belongs to Turkey, and the merchant ships of any country can pass through in peacetime, and the ** ships that are at war with Turkey cannot pass through the strait. This treaty is also an important basis for Turkey's current jurisdiction over the Turkish Straits.
The Black Sea Fleet is one of the four major fleets of Russia, ranking third in the strength of the four fleets in Russia, with a number of 230,000, ** the number is 90 and the number is 50. The Black Sea Fleet dates back to Catherine II of Tsarist Russia. The Black Sea Fleet was the most powerful in Soviet times. At that time, the Soviet Union and the United States were known as the two major military powers. At that time, the Soviet Black Sea Fleet operated mainly in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. The Soviet Union had demanded the construction of a military base in the Turkish Straits and the establishment of a joint defense of the Turkish Straits in the Turkish Straits of Turkey, but Turkey rejected the Soviet proposal. An important reason why the United States is actively trying to woo Turkey to join NATO is that the Turkish Strait is a trump card against the Black Sea Fleet. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia divided the Black Sea Fleet with Ukraine Ukraine received 25% of the Black Sea Fleet ** Russia received 75-% of the Black Sea **. Now Russia's strength in the Black Sea is 3 4 lower than it was in Soviet times. Especially after the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, many ships in the Black Sea were sunk by Ukraine. The strength of the Russian Black Sea Fleet has declined even more.
At present, NATO still regards Russia as the main competitor in Europe, with a land area of 17.09 million square kilometers and inheriting the huge legacy of the Soviet Union. Russia is still a military power in the world. Russia relies on energy and grain exports for large amounts of foreign exchange to support the war.