It can be found in all kinds of ** and film and television dramas that even if the dead are buried, there are many different names, sometimes it will be called a cemetery, and sometimes it will be called a cemetery, so what is the difference between these different statements?In fact, the way a person is buried after death directly reflects his status during his lifetime.
Among them, the highest specification is undoubtedly the mausoleum. Because the burial place of the emperors of the past dynasties is the imperial mausoleum, although the imperial mausoleum is a tomb, it is actually comparable to a park, not only the environment is beautiful, people often clean, and there are special people to guardSo what are the differences between "tombs, tombs, mounds, forests, and mausoleums"?
Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum) tomb is often called "tomb", but in fact, tomb and tomb are completely two different concepts, and the biggest difference between the two is the "spatial relationship". The earliest explanation of the tomb can be traced back to the "Book of Rites" in the Western Han Dynasty: "The one who is high in the soil is called the tomb"., that is, to build soil for tombs, those high mounds that can be seen in film and television dramas, and those with a simple tombstone in front of them belong to the tomb.
The grave should be regarded as the minimum standard of burial, without spending too much money, simply dig a shallow pit, and then cover the body with soil to complete the burial. Generally, only when the family background is very poor and the family population is withered, the grave will be used for burial.
Because the safety factor of the grave is too low, not only can it be easily stolen, but there is also a risk of being excavated by wild dogs and other animals, so only forced to helplessness,will choose the grave as the burial method.
In addition, if you are not familiar with the deceased, or if you are short of time, you will also be buried in a grave. For example, on the battlefield, there are too many dead people who have no time to be "refined" for burial, and there will be a way to use graves, and places such as mass graves in film and television dramas are also dominated by graves.
Compared with the tomb, the size of the tomb is relatively much higher, and the so-called "cave is the tomb".。The construction of the tomb involves a lot of labor, and naturally there is a lot of overhead. Not only does the tomb need to dig a deep pit and put the deceased in a coffin before buriing, but also the soil above it is flattened, and finally the tombstone can be added. Modern burial methods also mainly borrow the form of tombs.
cemetery).Families who use tombs are much richer than those who use themOr the family population is relatively prosperous, after all, digging a tomb and then flattening it is not a small project, and the appearance of the tomb is also the beginning of the Xi of using funerary goods in our country.
In the later development of the tomb, there were also two different directions, one is that the whole family will build the tomb together to form the so-called family cemeteryThis type of cemetery not only has a good headstone, but also a large number of burials. For safety reasons, family cemeteries are generally built near the family's residence so that they can be cared for and worshipped at all times.
Cemetery) For mounds, most people's impression is "clothed mounds", so why is there such a burial form as mounds?The word mound is ** in "home", which means to give the dead a house like home. Of course, the mound is not really the same as a home, there is all the furniture in it, but at least in terms of specifications, it is very much like the scale of a home.
Mound) Although the mound is also like a mound, it is a mound of earth that rises above the ground, but the size is completely different: "mound, high mound", it can be said that the scale of the mound is much larger than the mound, and the status of the deceased during his lifetime is much higher than that of ordinary people. Generally, only the status of princes and generals can build moundsIt can be said that the mound has begun to break away from the category of ordinary people.
On the other hand, the mound is built when the deceased cannot be found or the body of the deceased is incomplete. In addition to this, some people will also build burial mounds for the deceased in different areasIn this way, it plays the role of commemoration, remembrance, and blessing.
Mound).Speaking of Lin, I believe that many people will definitely have "Kong Lin" in their minds.
Lin actually refers to those famous family cemeteries, and there must be three conditions to form a forest, the first is that the family has enough "power". Because in ancient society, land belonged to private ownership, and if you want to own a large amount of land, money alone is not enough, you must have enough power.
Only when he was rewarded with a large amount of land by the emperor did he have the ability to build a "forest".
Kong Lin) The second is the inheritance of the forest, but it is not only a few tombs, but can be formed by multiple tombs and many generations. This also means that in order to build a forest, the family must maintain the inheritance for many generations, and there can be no intergenerational succession in between. If there is a fault in the family during the war or other period, then the forest will inevitably be removed.
The last point is prestige, Lin is not only to achieve scale, but also to be recognized by future generationsOtherwise, no matter how large the scale is, it can only be called a family cemetery.
In addition to the well-known Kong Lin, there are also related forests (Guan Yu family), Meng Lin, etc., but there is also a "forest" that is spurned by peopleThis is Yuan Shikai's "Yuan Lin".
Guan Lin) finally is the mausoleum, in ancient Chinese in our country, the original meaning of the mausoleum is actually "big earth mountain", and then slowly evolved into the cemetery of the emperor and princesThe most typical representative of this is, of course, the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang.
In the later period of feudal society, due to the long inheritance time of some dynasties and the good economic level, the tombs of many emperors were built togetherSince then, the mausoleum has also become the standard of the cemetery for the exclusive use of the royal family.
Imperial Tombs).Compared with the mound, the appearance of the mausoleum is almost the same as that of the house used by the living, and the appearance is very exquisite, which is not lost to the royal garden at all. Of course, this also makes the construction of the mausoleum very difficult, many emperors have to start to build mausoleums for themselves after ascending the throne, if they die young, they may not even be able to be buried in their own mausoleums.
The mausoleum is the highest specification of the tomb in our country, so a large number of treasures are also buried inside, and the possibility of theft is rarely considered during the construction of the mausoleumThe appearance is also very "eye-catching".
After the fall of the dynasty, it became the target of some people, such as the tombs of Cixi and Guangxu, which were dug up, and the burial goods inside were taken away.
The reason why the cemetery appears in different forms is that on the one hand, it is a reflection of the strength of the family, and on the other hand, it is a reflection of social status, for example, people at the bottom of the society, even if the family has money, do not dare to build a cemetery according to high specifications. Only after the descendants have risen to prominence can the graves be moved into a higher-standard cemetery.
However, the above burial methods are based on burialIn our country and outside our country, there are many different burial methods, so this kind of treatment of the deceased is generally called "burial", such as shadow burial, cremation, etc.
The Buddhist monks in the feudal period would use cremation to dispose of the corpsesThe relics in the corpse will be preserved, and some towers and other buildings will be built to store them.
burial).
Tomb Handian [cited 2020-02-14].Royal MausoleumQin Shi Huang and his mausoleum Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum Museum [cited 2016-02-23].