The courage of the famous generals of the Ming Dynasty and the ingenious use of city tactics reveal the strategic mystery of how the Central Plains Dynasty of the past dynasties effectively fought against the nomadic cavalry!
In 1628, Yuan Chonghuan met with Chongzhen and vowed to pacify Liaodong in five years, capture Huang Taiji alive, and destroy the Jianzhou Jurchens. Emperor Chongzhen was overjoyed and gave Yuan Chonghuan the "Shangfang Sword", supervised Ji Liao, and competed with Houjin. However, in 1630, Chongzhen suspected Yuan Chonghuan of colluding with Houjin and executed Ling Chi, causing the victory of the Ningjin defense line to come to an abrupt end.
1. Fan Zhongyan's "Walled Fort Line": The Subversion of the Western Xia Frontier.
In the Battle of Haoshuichuan, the Battle of Sanchuankou, and the Battle of Dingchuan, the Song army suffered heavy losses, and Fan Zhongyan presided over the construction of the "Walled Fort Defense Line", advancing layer by layer, reversing the passivity of Western Xia. During the Xining period, the Song army carried out the "Xihe Open Border" operation, gradually recovering the western frontier, and breaking the Shenzhan with the Western Xia. However, due to political factors, Song Huizong signed the "Maritime Alliance" with the Jin State, which led to the outbreak of the "Jingkang Change", and the Western Xia was spared.
2. The "fortification tactics" of Yuan Wuzong Haishan: the war of attrition of the Mongol Khanate.
During the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan established himself as the Great Khan, the Mongol Khanate was in internal strife, and Haishan used the tactics of building cities to build cities in Mobei, carry out tuntian, and consume the opponent's territory. Haishan was well aware of the importance of fighting a protracted war, which eventually led to the Mongol Khanate being mired in internal strife, and finally accepting the suzerainty of the Yuan dynasty. This ingenious tactic made it difficult for the Mongols to sustain the war for a long time.
3. The Qing Dynasty's City Strategy: An Effective Means to Deal with the Dzungar Mongols.
During the Kangxi period, the Qing Dynasty imitated the "city building" tactics of the previous dynasty and built cities step by step to consume the power of the Dzungar Mongols. After Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, on the basis of Yuan Wuzong, he strengthened the construction of the city, carried out a war of attrition against the Dzungar Mongols, and finally pacified the Dzungar Mongols during the Qianlong period. The city strategy played a key role in the history of the Qing Dynasty against nomadic cavalry.
Fourth, the difference in soldiers' combat effectiveness and tactics: "building a city" is a good policy.
Building cities, training soldiers, and relying on the city to engage in a protracted battle with the nomadic cavalry was a good strategy for the Central Plains Dynasty to fight against the nomadic cavalry. Compared to the mobility of the nomadic cavalry, the city strategy effectively drained the enemy's resources and energy, making it difficult for the nomadic cavalry to sustain. Through this tactic, successive dynasties of the Central Plains successfully stabilized the country's borders.
5. Yuan Chonghuan's miscalculation: The imbalance of power within the imperial court is the culprit.
During the Ming Dynasty, Yuan Chonghuan's "Ningjin Defense Line" strategy was effective, however, Emperor Chongzhen failed to maintain balance within the imperial court, resulting in a monopoly of finance and taxation in the southeast by the civilian clique. Financial difficulties prevented the Ming army from continuing to support Liaodong, and Yuan's ingenious strategy fell short. The fall of the Ming Dynasty was due to the imbalance of power within the imperial court, which made it impossible to effectively maintain finances, which eventually led to the collapse of the country.
Conclusion: The ingenious application of the city-building strategy, the magic weapon of the Central Plains Dynasty against the nomadic cavalry.
Successive dynasties of the Central Plains successfully resisted the invasion of nomadic cavalry through the skillful use of city strategy. Yuan Chonghuan's strategy of "Ningjin Line" achieved remarkable results in the early days, but due to mistakes within the imperial court, it ultimately fell short. The application of the strategy of fortification was not uncommon in the history of the Central Plains, and became an effective means to deal with nomadic cavalry.
This article profoundly examines the tactics of the Central Plains Dynasty to deal with the nomadic cavalry, as well as Yuan Chonghuan's ingenious strategy during the Ming Dynasty and the mistakes of the Chongzhen period. By comparing the city strategies of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, it is not difficult to see the universality and effectiveness of this strategy in the history of the Central Plains.
First, the article details the "fortification" strategy adopted by Fan Zhongyan, Yuan Wuzong Haishan, and the Qing Dynasty in their fight against the nomadic cavalry. This strategy is not only a simple construction of a city, but also a comprehensive strategy of training soldiers and cultivating fields. The core of this strategy is to change the mobile advantage of the nomadic cavalry into a disadvantage by skillfully arranging the city and stabilizing the frontier so that the nomadic cavalry cannot easily break through.
Secondly, the paper provides an in-depth analysis of Yuan Chonghuan's strategy during the Ming Dynasty. Yuan Chonghuan's "Ningjin Defense Line" achieved remarkable results in the early stage, and it was powerful against Houjin. However, the failure to maintain financial support during the Chongzhen period due to the imbalance of power within the imperial court ultimately led to the failure of this strategy. This is a lesson from history that underscores the importance of political factors in military decision-making.
The conclusion of the article also expresses the agreement with the strategy of fortification, pointing out that this strategy was an effective means for the Central Plains Dynasty to deal with the nomadic cavalry. In the long-term historical evolution, the city strategy is not only a strategy for dealing with nomadic cavalry, but also a universal magic weapon for dealing with frontier enemies. Its role in stabilizing the frontier, depleting enemy resources, and providing logistical support for the army is reflected in the text.
In general, this article provides a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the historical strategy of the Central Plains Dynasty against the nomadic cavalry, and shows the universality and effectiveness of the city-building strategy in various dynasties through the long river of history. At the same time, the example of Yuan Chonghuan reminds us of the crucial importance of political factors in military decision-making. Such historical analysis provides us with useful enlightenment for a profound understanding of history and for drawing lessons.
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