About HPV
HPV is the English abbreviation of human papillomavirus, and there are more than 200 known HPV subtypes, which are divided into high-risk and low-risk types.
High-risk HPVInfection can lead to cervical cancer, **cancer, etc.;Low-risk HPVInfections can cause genital warts, flat warts, etc.
HPV is mainly transmitted through sexual transmission, mother-to-child transmission, and mucosal contact.
HPV infection is very common, with 80% to 90% of sexually active women. When HPV infection is in the incubation period or the body's own immunity is strong enough to fight the virus, no symptoms may appear, and infection will only be detected by HPV testing. Most people with HPV infection can clear the virus by autoimmunity within 2 years of infection.
"90-70-90" plan
Cervical cancer is currently the only clear, preventable and curable cancer.
In order to eliminate cervical cancer worldwide, the World Health Organization has set a "90-70-90" target: to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer to less than 4.1 million and the mortality rate by 30% by 2030. 90% of girls are vaccinated against HPV before the age of 15, 70% of women are screened for cervical cancer at least once at the age of 35 and 45, and 90% of women diagnosed with cervical cancer are receiving** and nursing.
About the HPV vaccineThe HPV vaccine is an inactivated genetically recombinant vaccine, which does not contain viral DNA, so it is not infectious. HPV vaccination is effective, and vaccination with a certain level of coverage can reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.
At present, there are 3 types of HPV vaccines on the market, which are bivalent, quadrivalent and nine-valent.
Bivalent vaccines: It can protect against HPV16 and 18 viruses.
Quadrivalent vaccine: It can prevent HPV type 4 virus.
9-valent vaccine: It can prevent HPV type 9 virus.
Can I still get vaccinated if I am infected with HPV?HPV vaccination is available regardless of whether you have had previous HPV infection.
Because infection of other genotypes can be prevented through vaccination, it also has a certain protective effect on reinfection of the same subtype. In particular, the likelihood of a previously infected person being infected with all 9 viruses is extremely low.
Do I need a supplemental dose of the 9-valent HPV vaccine?
After receiving bivalent or quadrivalent HPV vaccine, it is not recommended to receive a supplemental dose of 9-valent HPV vaccine.
At present, the three types of HPV vaccines on the market all cover the most important high-risk subtypes 16 and 18, which are associated with 70% of cervical cancer, and can well prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer regardless of the type of vaccine.
It should be noted that regular cervical cancer screening is also required after HPV vaccination, and the best way to prevent cervical cancer is to combine HPV vaccine and cervical cancer screening.
Can men get HPV?
Men can also get HPV.
Men infected with high-risk HPV can cause cancer, cancer and oropharyngeal cancer, etc., and infection with low-risk HPV can cause warts in other parts. Like women, males** usually have no symptoms at the beginning of HPV infection, but it should be emphasized that if male** is infected with HPV, his sexual partners will also be at increased risk of HPV infection. Therefore, it is important to insist on using *** correctly when having sex.
To stay away from cervical cancer, we still need to:
The most effective way to prevent cervical cancer is to get vaccinated against HPV before sex begins, and sexually active women should also be screened regularly for cervical cancer. In addition to HPV vaccination, you also need to pay attention to the following aspects in your life: Practice safe sex, such as avoiding early sex, insisting on correct use*** to reduce the number of sexual partners as much as possible, etc., to prevent HPV infection and other sexually transmitted infections. Pay attention to menstrual hygiene and sexual hygiene. Physical activity should be insisted on in daily life, ensuring adequate sleep and balanced nutrition. Avoid smoking, including passive smoking. Stay away from drugs. Maintain a positive mindset to improve your own immunity, which can both reduce the chances of HPV infection and accelerate the elimination of HPV even if you are infected with HPV.