In 1961, at a meeting to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the "Xi'an Incident", Yang Hucheng's eldest son Yang Zhengmin expressed his "unwillingness" to ***.
Yang Zhengmin's unwillingness is related to the Xi'an Incident in which his father participated in the world, and also to the so-called diary that Chiang Kai-shek later launched - "Xi'an Half Moon Chronicle".
Yang Zhengmin knows that it is not easy to seek the truth, but he is more worried that "in a few years, some people will not be able to sort it out when they are gone."
** took his proposal very seriously and decided to start working on it.
So, what is the reason for Yang Zhengmin's unwillingness?**After listening to Yang Zhengmin's proposal, how did you deal with this matter?
It is well known that Chiang Kai-shek liked to keep a diary and insisted on writing it for 57 years. There are two kinds of diaries he wrote, one for others and one for himself.
Xi'an Half Moon Chronicle is a diary written for others to see.
This diary records some of the events that Chiang Kai-shek experienced when he was imprisoned in Xi'an for half a month because of the "Xi'an Incident".But there is something special about this diary - it was not written by Chiang Kai-shek.
The cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party to resist Japan was reached, and the "Xi'an Incident" ended, but in Chiang Kai-shek's heart, all this was not over.
In the face of this incident, which brought him great humiliation, Chiang Kai-shek decided to cover up the facts and use ** to let the public accuse Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng of their disobedience.
In order to convince the public that what he wrote was the truth, Chiang Kai-shek specially recruited Chen Bui, who was very good at writing articles.
Chen Bui was the Kuomintang's "chief of general staff" in the field of cultural propaganda, and his writing has always met the needs of Chiang Kai-shek.
According to Chen Bui's recollection, Chiang Kai-shek put forward three key requirements to him at that time:
Write down the course of the incident clearly," and it is necessary to let the public know that the real purpose of Zhang and Yang's imprisonment of him was to usurp power, and to seize his military and political power in the Kuomintang before launching the incident
focuses on how he spent the "Xi'an Incident", as well as how he insisted on persuading Zhang and Yang to correct their mistakes and join the anti-Japanese resistance regardless of the danger to their lives
It shows that he was blessed by God to save the day.
As the pen of Chiang Kai-shek's royal family, Chen Bui also made difficulties after receiving the task, because he already knew everything about the "Xi'an Incident".
At that time, Chen Bui served as the deputy secretary general of the National Political Conference, and he was also working in Chiang Kai-shek's chamberlain, responsible for propaganda work, and had access to a lot of the latest news, he knew about big things, he also knew small things, and he even knew that Chiang Kai-shek forgot to bring his dentures when he fled.
Chen Bui personally believes that if Chiang Kai-shek had not insisted on resisting Japan and arranged for Yang Hucheng to attack the Red Army in northern Shaanxi, Zhang and Yang would not have been able to launch a military coup.
In addition, if the content written does not meet Chiang Kai-shek's requirements, it may be necessary to put his life into it, so Chen Bui thinks that it is a very difficult job to help Chiang Kai-shek write a diary this time.
After much thought, he decided not to take over this hot potatoI wasn't in Xi'an at the time, so I didn't know what happenedFor this reason, it is recommended that Chiang Kai-shek find people who witnessed the incident to write it, so that the public can also be convinced.
Others wrote, Chiang Kai-shek was not at ease, and besides, Chiang Kai-shek did not intend to really write down the experience of those days, so it was not a problem for Chen Bui to be not at the scene of the crime, so he told Chen Bui, ".You just have to write as I ask
The outside world knew that Chiang Kai-shek had a Xi of writing a diary, and Chen Bui decided to write it in the form of a diary, so that when it was made public, it could at least reduce the outside world's doubts about the authenticity of the content.
After two months of hard work, Chen Bui finally helped Chiang Kai-shek complete "Xi'an Half Moon".
After reading it, Chiang Kai-shek made some adjustments, and then published the finalized "Xi'an Half Moon Chronicle" and first distributed it within the Kuomintang.
On the one hand, it is to "whitewash" itself, and on the other hand, it also wants to use this to deter those generals who hold military power within the Kuomintang, and it will not end well to work against him Chiang Kai-shek.
After that,"The Story of the Half Moon in Xi'an" was widely circulated in the society, and as a result, some people began to question whether Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng were anti-Japanese patriotic generalsThey launched the "Xi'an Incident" really for the sake of the country?
Chiang Kai-shek expressed his desire to resist Japan in the book, but Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng misunderstood their "heart to save the country with fists", and actually committed a crime, abused power for personal gain, and directly imprisoned him.
Later, he showed Zhang and Yang the materials he had brought related to the anti-Japanese resistance, and then talked with the two many times before the two joined the anti-Japanese team.
In order to increase the authenticity of the matter, he also wrote a special scene where he and Zhang Xueliang met again on the night of December 14. After Zhang Xueliang accepted his criticism and education, he immediately burst into tears and apologized.
For the peaceful resolution of the incident, the description in the book is as follows: under his indoctrination and inspiration, the prodigal sons of Zhang and Yang turned back, repented of launching a military coup, reformed themselves, and decided to follow him to fight against the Japanese, so they chose to release him.
This book not only "slandered" Zhang and Yang, but also stigmatized the CCP as a "bandit" many times.
He believes that Zhang and Yang are hateful, but they were also instigated, and the two of them were obsessed with the idea of standing on the position of the CCP, which led to his hard work of "eight years of anti-banditry" falling into a daze.
If there are so many nonsense things in the book, why would anyone believe it?
That's because Chiang Kai-shek was particularly good at acting.
After the incident was peacefully resolved, Chiang Kai-shek first sent Zhang Xueliang to a military court and handed him over to a military court that everyone considered to be more fair, and Yang Hucheng, another party to the incident, was an accomplice, and Chiang Kai-shek did not take any measures against him and went to Europe to inspect the work.
As a result, some people believe that if Chiang Kai-shek had not sincerely resisted Japan, had not been broad-minded, and had not taken the safety of the people and the nation as his own responsibility, he would not have treated Zhang and Yang so "tolerantly."
Everyone knows what happened later, Zhang Xueliang was imprisoned, and Yang Hucheng was killed.
Chen Bui, who was responsible for writing "Xi'an Half Moon Chronicle", chose to commit suicide, and he once mentioned in a letter to a friend that he was forced to help Chiang Kai-shek write a diary because he was forced to do so, and even made it clear that the contents of the diary were written in accordance with Chiang Kai-shek's requirements."I can't use my pen to say what I say
After the Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan, someone published an article in a Hong Kong newspaper questioning the authenticity of Chiang Kai-shek's diary.
After the article titled "Confession of the Xi'an Incident" was published, it once again confused everyone's cognition.
Because Chiang Kai-shek forced others to write articles again and again to "whitewash" himself, the "Xi'an Incident", which had no doubts, became the focus of the world, causing the truth of the matter to become confusing.
Yang Zhengmin, as the eldest son of Yang Hucheng, believes that 25 years have passed since the incident, and Chiang Kai-shek should no longer be allowed to distort the facts of the incident for his own interests, and the truth of the "Xi'an Incident" should be announced to the public, and his father should be given justice.
One of the most important reasons why Yang Zhengmin wanted to discuss this matter with *** was his trust in ***. He once wrote in the article, ".For me, the Prime Minister is a leader, a guardian, and a father。It can be seen how important the position of ** is in his heart.
The first time the two met was in 1937, shortly after the "Xi'an Incident", Yang Hucheng was removed from his post and stayed at homeIn April of the same year, the prime minister went to Xi'an to visit Yang Hucheng.
Yang Zhengmin, who was still a middle school student at the time, heard that the famous *** comrade was coming, so he hurriedly ran to the living room to have a look.
At first, Yang Zhengmin was timid and didn't dare to go up directly to say hello, but quietly looked through the crack in the door to see what *** looked like.
It didn't take long for Yang Zhengmin to be discovered by his father Yang Hucheng and call him in.
Many years later, Yang Zhengmin still remembers the scene when the two met for the first time, and after seeing him come in, he quickly got up to meet him, shook hands with him, and introduced himself.
After that, the two talked about some other things.
The whole conversation process is very pleasant, this conversation brought a deep feeling to Yang Zhengmin, in his opinion, ** is a great person, he wants to learn from such a person, and even think about the goal Xi of life:Go to Yan'an, go to the Communist Party, and do revolution!
Two months later, Yang Hucheng was forced to go to Europe to investigate, and Yang Zhengmin's life began to change significantly at this time.
The night before his father went abroad, Yang Zhengmin, who was the eldest son in the family, was called to his room by his father and explained some things to him, asking him to set an example for his younger brothers and sisters, to learn to deal with family affairs, and especially told him not to waste his time, to work hard and forge ahead, and to contribute to the country in the future.
Remembering his father's teachings, Yang Zhengmin, in addition to living up to his father's entrustment, often thinks about a question: When can my father return to China?No one told him a specific date.
In fact, Yang Hucheng, who was abroad, after learning of the "77 Incident", fought for Chiang Kai-shek many times, and finally returned to China in the fifth month after going abroad.
After returning to China, he went directly to Nanchang, originally planning to obey Chiang Kai-shek's dispatch to participate in the anti-Japanese war, but was secretly imprisoned by Chiang Kai-shek's order.
A few months later, after learning of the incident, he arranged for the members of the party organization to take Yang Zhengmin to Yan'an and was taken care of by everyone.
He chatted with *** very well, and it didn't take long for him to directly call *** "Uncle Zhou" and treat the prime minister as his own relative.
**In addition to caring about Yang Zhengmin's daily life, he also pays attention to his Xi.
After the two communicated, ** arranged for him to Xi at Kang University with many young people. The teachers of Kang Da are all people with rich experience in our party's combat and profound knowledge.
Especially when he was lecturing at Kang University, he discovered Yang Zhengmin's talent in military affairs, and sometimes deliberately discovered his ability in this regard.
With the help of all teachers, Yang Zhengmin's comprehensive ability has been greatly improved during his Xi at the Anti-University University.
In addition to settling Yang Zhengmin, the prime minister has also been trying to contact Yang Hucheng through various meansIt was not until after the liberation of Chongqing in 1949 that it was confirmed that Yang Hucheng had been killed three months earlier, according to the confession of the captured spies.
Because at that time, the Kuomintang killed the good ** members of our party and ruined their appearance with strong acid. ** had to arrange for Yang Zhengmin to identify the body, and finally found Yang Hucheng's body on December 1.
Faced with his father, mother, younger brother and sister who had never met were all killed by the Kuomintang, Yang Zhengmin was immersed in grief for a long time and couldn't get out.
Yang Zhengmin did not forget his father's advice to contribute to the country.
At that time, when the country was in ruins, after some thought, he expressed to the organization that he wanted to go to Yumen, Gansu Province, where the conditions were difficult, to work in the oil mines, and later grew up to become the first generation of heroes in China's oil industry.
At work, he kept in mind his father's instructions, worked diligently, and was not afraid of hardship, but when faced with things about his father, he could not tolerate unwarranted doubts, so he took advantage of the 25th anniversary of the "Xi'an Incident" in 1961 to express his "unwillingness" to ***:
There's one thing I've never been reluctant to relent. Now that there are different opinions on the truth of the Xi'an incident, we should sort out the factual materials and make the truth public.
At the same time, his father Yang Hucheng was imprisoned and killed by Chiang Kai-shek due to the incident.
At the meeting, Yang Zhengmin spoke first, and he told everyone about the reasons for the distortion of the "Xi'an Incident" by the outside world
An article written by Zhang Xueliang.
Zhang Xueliang was a key figure in the "Xi'an Incident", and he was forced by Chiang Kai-shek to write "Reflections on the Xi'an Incident", and the article told the outside world a lot of details that everyone did not know before, whether it is true or false, needs to be verified.
After all, the article can only be sent out after being reviewed and approved by Chiang Kai-shek, and the article inevitably becomes a tool for Chiang Kai-shek to guide the way.
Description of Chiang Kai-shek.
The external propaganda of "Xi'an Half Moon Chronicles" is Chiang Kai-shek's diary, but it is actually an article written by Chen Bui for Chiang Kai-shek to whitewash reality. Chiang Kai-shek expressed his nobility by belittling Zhang and Yang, so this diary is not reliable.
The rhetoric of the Kuomintang.
The Kuomintang had the right to speak in the "Xi'an Incident", and they set the tone for the incident from within the party, but the incident also had a profound impact on our country, so how we summarize the "Xi'an Incident" cannot refer to the Kuomintang's rhetoric.
We should set the tone for the "Xi'an Incident" from the perspective of restoring historical facts and facing history squarely.
Chen Bui's "Xi'an Half Moon Chronicle" is not credible, but there are some differences between his autobiography and his diary, so his hearing and opinions on the "Xi'an Incident" in "Chen Bui's Biography" cannot be said to be all correct, but it still has a certain degree of credibility.
In order to allow more people to participate in this matter, Yang Zhengmin also emphasized that 25 years have passed, we must restore the historical truth, and we must do it now.
Indeed, with the departure of some witnesses and the prolongation of time, the "Xi'an Incident" will become more and more vague in people's impressions until it disappears.
Time waits for no one, and the witnesses of the incident are getting older, some have passed away, some are still alive, but the specific circumstances of the incident will fade over time.
After listening to Yang Zhengmin's speech, he immediately expressed his support for Yang Zhengmin's opinion and gave a solution, "Gather relevant departments and personnel to form a group to be responsible for this matter." ”
Under the arrangement of ***,A compilation team for historical materials on the Xi'an Incident was soon established, divided into groups of nine and seven.
The nine-member team was composed of Li Weihan and Lin Feng, who were the ministers of the ** Department at the time, and the seven-member team was composed of Zhao Shoushan, a former Kuomintang lieutenant general, and others.
By collating a large number of materials and interviewing people who experienced the incident, the investigation team investigated the course of the incident that year, revealed the truth of the incident to the world, objectively summarized the relevant evaluations, and restored the innocence of the two generals, Zhang and Yang, so that their families would no longer bear the rumors.
After the incident, Chiang Kai-shek stopped the civil war, and the Kuomintang and the Communist Party cooperated again, after which, the civil war moved towards the anti-Japanese national war, and the anti-Japanese national united front was established.
Therefore, in order to save the nation from peril, Zhang and Yang advised Chiang Kai-shek to stop the civil war and fight against Japan together with the Communists, rather than Chiang Kai-shek's fabricated usurpation of power.
Time has passed, and now everyone no longer has doubts about the incident, thank Yang Zhengmin for actively participating in this matter, and thank you for your strong support for tracking down the truth of the incident that year.