Paraneoplastic syndrome refers to abnormal pathophysiological changes caused by certain bioactive substances produced by tumor tissue acting on organs of other systems through the blood or lymphatic system. These changes can manifest as abnormal manifestations of multiple systems such as nerves, endocrine, blood, bones, and mucosa. The mechanism of paraneoplastic syndrome is not fully understood.
Signs and symptoms of paraneoplastic syndromes are varied, depending on the type of tissue the tumor, the bioactive substances produced, and the site of action. Common symptoms include fever, cachexia, weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, itching, edema, etc. In addition, neurological abnormalities such as headaches, seizures, hemiplegia, etc. may occurAbnormal manifestations of the endocrine system, such as menstrual disorders, loss of libido, etc.;Abnormal manifestations of the blood system, such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, etc.;Abnormal manifestations of the skeletal system, such as bone pain, fractures, etc.;Abnormal manifestations of the mucous membranes, such as itching, rash, etc.
Diagnosis of paraneoplastic syndrome is based on clinical findings and laboratory tests. In patients with suspected paraneoplastic syndromes, relevant tests should be performed as soon as possible to determine** and the condition. The method is mainly to target the primary tumor, while simultaneously addressing the symptoms and signs of paraneoplastic syndrome.