Volume 02Question** paper
1 Chemistry is closely related to human health and environmental protection. The following statement is correct.
a. No preservatives can be added to food processing.
b Burying used batteries will not cause environmental pollution.
c Incomplete combustion of natural gas produces toxic gases.
d The use of phosphorus-containing detergents will not cause water pollution.
2 Let na be the value of Avogadro's constant, and the following statement is true.
a．2.In a solution of 0 ghf in water (H218O), the total number of electrons contained is Na
b．0.5mol hexahexahexane (molecular structure:
The number of covalent bonds in is 6Na
c Electrolytically refined copper, the anode mass is reduced by 64g, and the total number of electrons transferred in the process is 2Na
The total acid content of d 1L is 4In 5g of 100ml of vinegar, N(CH3COOH) + N(CH3COO-) = 075 na
3 The following gases are prepared in the laboratory, and the selected reagents, preparation devices and collection methods are correct.
4 The following reagents are stored in the wrong way.
a Keep a small amount of concentrated nitric acid in a brown fine-mouthed glass bottle.
b Keep the NaOH solution in a reagent bottle with a ground glass stopper.
c Keep a small amount of white phosphorus in cold water.
d Store the FeSO4 solution in a reagent bottle with a small amount of iron powder.
5 The structure of the anion of an ionic liquid is shown in the figure, where W, X, Y, Z, M are short-period non-metallic elements with increasing atomic number, and W is the backbone element of organic molecules. The following statement is true.
The most ** state of the element a z is +7 b The number of unpaired electrons of the atom in the ground state: w>y
c x in this anion does not meet the 8-electron stable structure d the pH of the simplest hydride aqueous solution: x>m
6 Prostaglandins are substances with a variety of physiological activities that exist in animals and humans, and the structure of a prostaglandin is shown in the figure, which is correct in the following description of this compound.
A The molecular formula is C20H28O4
b Polycondensation reaction can occur, but polycondensation reaction cannot occur.
c 1mol The compound consumes up to 5molH2
d Contains a variety of isomers belonging to the aromatic family.
7 The following ion equations correspond to the correct ones.
8 The following chemical terms are correct.
9 The elimination of H2S in natural gas is a hot topic in the field of energy research, and Li Yu et al. of Huazhong University of Science and Technology have shown that there are two mechanisms for the adsorption of H2S on the surface of CuFe2O4, as shown in the figure.
The following statements are false.
a The adsorption process ultimately releases energy.
b The energy barrier of the speed-determining step of route 1 is 2045kj·mol-1
c From the step H2S*=Hs*+H*, it can be seen that the H-S bond cleavage releases energy: pathway 1 > pathway 2
D CuFe2O4 provides O atoms during adsorption.
10 Yang Yi and Huang Jian of the Northern Song Dynasty recorded in "Yang Wen Gong Tan Yuan": "There are Bodhisattva stones in Emei Mountain in Jiazhou, many people pick them, the color is bright white, such as Mount Tai wolf tooth stone, Shangrao crystal and the like, and the sunlight has five colors. The following "stones" have the same chemical composition as "bodhisattva stones".
a silica b cryolite c limestone d barite.
11 (2021 Shanghai Jinshan Yimo) Known: O2+PTF6 O2 (PTF6). PTF6 is volatile, and O2 (PTF6) is an ionic compound, in which the PT element is +5 valence. The narrative of this reaction is correct.
A PTF6 is the reducing agent B O2 (PTF6) in which the valency of element O is +1
c 1mol of electrons is transferred for every 1 mol of mol generated (PTF6) D O2 (PTF6) contains only ionic bonds and is oxidizing.
12. In industry, the process of producing lithium manganese oxide (Limn2O4) with manganese carbonate ore (the main component is MnCO3, and contains FeO, Fe2O3, CAO and other impurities) as the main raw material is as follows.
The following statements are incorrect.
a The leaching rate of manganese carbonate during "acid leaching" can be increased by stirring.
b The ionic equation of the oxidation process: 8H++Mno4-+5Fe2+=Mn2++5Fe3++4H2O
c The ions present in large quantities in the "filtered" solution are: K+, Mn2+, SO42-
d "Gas 1" is a mixture of two gases containing CO2, and the other may be CO
13. When the temperature is T1, the reaction is carried out according to the three feeding ratios shown in the figure in three constant capacity closed containers with a volume of 1L: 2SO3 (G) = 2SO2 (G) + O2 (G) ΔH = 1966kj/mol。The results are shown in the figure, and the experimental results show that V positive = K positive C2 (SO3), V inverse = K inverse C2 (SO2) C (O2), K positive and K inverse are rate constants (only related to temperature). The following statement is true.
a At a temperature of t1, the equilibrium constant of the reaction is 02
b At the beginning of the container, v is inverse and v is positive.
c When equilibrium is reached, the volume fraction of SO2 in the container is greater than 50
d When the temperature changes to T2 after the equilibrium is reached in the container, if K is positive = K is reversed, then T1 > T2
14 The international community has highly commended China's response to the pandemic. In the prevention and control of the epidemic, the environment should be thoroughly disinfected, and chlorine dioxide (clo2 yellow-green gas that is easily soluble in water) is a safe, stable, efficient and low-toxicity disinfectant. Industrially, it is prepared by electrolysis of ammonium chloride and hydrochloric acid by an inert electrode (The principle of clo2 is shown in the figure. The following statement is true.
A c is the positive electrode of the power supply, and the y solution flowing out of the B pole region is concentrated hydrochloric acid.
b The electrode reaction that occurs on cell A is NH4+-6E-+3Cl-=NC3+4H+
c In the chlorine dioxide generator, the ratio of the amount of oxidant to the reducing agent in the redox reaction that occurs is 6 1
d when there is 0When 3mol anions pass through the ion exchange membrane, the chlorine dioxide generator is generated under standard conditions134l clo2
15 x is a monobasic weak acid, and yoh is a monobasic strong base. At room temperature, an acid was added to the suspension of insoluble strong electrolyte (yx), and the relationship between c(y+) and c(h+) was measured as shown in the solid line of the figure. The following statements are false.
c(x-) c(y+) at point a m
b Degree of ionization of water: n p
c The acid that can be added during the experiment is hydrochloric acid.
D The solubility product k of the insoluble substance xy is A22
16 In the following experiments, the corresponding experiments and conclusions are correct and have a causal relationship.