Three minutes to talk about culture
On January 16, 1948, a telegram drafted for the Communist Party of China entitled "To the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan Bureaus and to the Working Committee and Xinhua General Agency" clearly pointed out: "A large-scale political organ like Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan should not only represent the peasants, but should represent all the working masses (workers, peasants, independent industrialists, liberal professions, and intellectuals with intellectual labor) and the middle class (petty bourgeoisie, middle bourgeoisie, and enlightened gentlemen), with the working masses as the main body. "Criticized the erroneous remarks of the peasant **.
On February 29, 1948, in the report of the Propaganda Department of the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan Bureaus, "Newspaper Inspection Found 'Left' Deviations", he wrote: "Do not abandon those enlightened gentlemen from the landlord and rich peasant class who are in favor of opposing Chiang and the land reform and are willing to cooperate with us," "It is in the interest of opposing Chiang and the land reform to divide the landlord class." The Shanxi, Hebei, and Henan ** Bureau immediately held a symposium to inspect and correct it, and also instructed all localities and counties to apologize to the teachers from the landlords and rich peasants who had been cleaned up, and asked them to return to school to teach.
On March 2, 1948, the Working Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting, first of all, to ask comrades to convey the spirit of the December meeting and important instructions. The meeting was presided over by the first editor, the head of the working committee, Commander-in-Chief Zhu, Dong Biwu, Kang Sheng, Teng Daiyuan of Shanxi, Hebei, Luyu District, Huang Jing of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei District, Rao Shushi of East China, and Central Plains District attended the meeting.
When conveying the issue of land reform, he said three opinions: First, the land reform and rectification party is the mainstream of the Chinese revolution, and the mainstream is to the east to ensure victory. Second, the eastward direction of the mainstream caused three waves, namely, the invasion of the middle peasants, the adventurous policy against the middle and middle bourgeoisie, the kicking out of the "three-three system", and the cessation of non-party personages to participate in the political power. Third, according to the different land reform methods adopted in different regions, the new area will first implement rent reduction and interest reduction. **There is a famous saying: "We are not afraid of American aid, but only 'left' aid." * He stressed: "Policies and tactics are the life of the Party, and we must not be careless," and "among the five policy issues of war, party rectification, land reform, industry and commerce, and the suppression of counter-revolution, any one of them makes a mistake of principle, and if we do not correct it, we will fail." ”
The fourth stage: rectification of the left (February-May 1948)--Land Reform Review.
Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan districts have entered a period of movement in which land reform review is combined with party rectification. Main Policies of Land Reform - Different policies are adopted in three types of regions. **Memories:
In the first category, the land wealth has been completely eliminated, the vast majority of the poor peasants have been completely turned over (accounting for more than 80 percent of their own class), and the land has long been equally divided. The old and new middle peasants together account for more than 80 percent of the total number of households in the village, and they have a large amount of savings and a high level of political and class consciousness. Only a very small number of poor hired peasants have not completely turned over, and they have also shared the fruits, but they are not very satisfied, and they need to be filled. This kind of area is the best working area in our district, accounting for about one-third of the population of the whole district.