I. Introduction.
With the rapid development of the chemical industry, the amount of high-concentration chemical wastewater is also increasing. This kind of sewage contains a large number of toxic and harmful substances, such as heavy metals, organic matter, acids and alkalis, etc., if it is discharged directly without proper treatment, it will pose a serious threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, the scientific and effective treatment of high-concentration chemical wastewater is an important mission of the environmental protection and water control industry. The purpose of this paper is to provide a set of accurate and effective treatment processes for those engaged in environmental protection and water control, and to provide relevant major and difficult problems. Sewage treatment
Second, the major difficulties of high-concentration chemical sewage treatment.
High pollutant concentration: The pollutant concentration in high-concentration chemical wastewater is much higher than that of general sewage, which is difficult to treat and requires higher treatment technology and equipment.
Complex and changeable composition: The composition of high-concentration chemical wastewater is complex and changeable, including a variety of organic matter, inorganic matter, heavy metal, etc., which brings great difficulties to treatment.
High toxicity: Many chemical raw materials and products are toxic, which makes the toxicity of high-concentration chemical wastewater high and harmful to the human body and the environment.
High treatment cost: Due to the difficulty of treating high-concentration chemical wastewater, advanced treatment technology and equipment are required, so the treatment cost is relatively high.
3. The hazards of high-concentration chemical sewage.
Harm to the human body: Toxic and harmful substances in high-concentration chemical sewage can enter the human body through contact, breathing and inhalation, etc., causing damage to various systems of the human body, such as the nervous system, immune system, reproductive system, etc.
Harm to the environment: High concentration of chemical wastewater discharged into the environment will cause pollution to water, soil and air. Long-term accumulation of toxic and harmful substances can cause damage to ecosystems and affect biodiversity.
Fourth, high-concentration chemical sewage treatment process.
According to the characteristics of high-concentration chemical wastewater, the following is a set of accurate and effective treatment processes:
Pretreatment: Remove impurities such as large suspended solids and sediment in sewage through grids, grit remover and other equipment. At the same time, some heavy metal ions are removed by adjusting the pH value.
Chemical oxidation: Oxidants (such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide, etc.) are used to oxidize and decompose organic matter in sewage to reduce its toxicity. At the same time, the oxidant can also react with some heavy metal ions and convert them into harmless substances.
Biochemical treatment: through activated sludge method, biofilm method and other biochemical treatment methods, the degradation of microorganisms is used to remove organic matter in sewage. At the same time, some heavy metal ions are converted into harmless substances through the action of microorganisms.
Physical and chemical treatment: The adsorption method, membrane separation method and other technologies are used to further improve the water quality of the biochemical effluent for advanced treatment. At the same time, some heavy metal ions are removed by precipitation and other methods.
Disinfection treatment: disinfect the effluent by adding disinfectants (such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, etc.) to kill the remaining harmful microorganisms.
Sludge treatment: thickening, dewatering, stabilization and other treatment of sludge generated in the process of biochemical treatment and physical and chemical treatment, and finally realize the resource utilization or safe disposal of sludge.
5. Summary and outlook.
This article shares a set of treatment processes for high-concentration chemical wastewater, and discusses the related major and difficult problems. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, high-concentration chemical sewage treatment technology will develop in a more efficient and environmentally friendly direction in the future. We look forward to providing better technical support and services for the environmental protection and water control industry through continuous innovation and technology upgrading, and jointly protect our clear water and blue sky. At the same time, it also calls on all sectors of society to pay attention to the environmental protection issues of the chemical industry and jointly promote the green development of the chemical industry.