Infrared spectroscopy is the result of the absorption of infrared radiation by molecules in substances and the change of energy level, resulting in vibration and rotational state changes, resulting in specific absorption or reflection of infrared radiation by substances, forming a specific infrared spectrum.
Infrared spectroscopy is a commonly used technique that analyzes, identifies, and measures different substances based on their absorption and reflection properties of infrared light. By analyzing infrared spectroscopy, scientists can obtain detailed information about substances, such as chemical structure, composition, molecular arrangement, etc., which is of great significance for the research and application of substances.
Principles of infrared spectroscopy:
Molecular vibrations: When infrared light hits a substance, the molecules in the substance vibrate due to the absorption of a specific wavelength of infrared light. Different molecular vibrational modes absorb different wavelengths of infrared light.
Infrared absorption spectrum: The vibration generated by the molecules in a substance after absorbing infrared light will produce an absorption peak at a specific infrared frequency, forming an infrared absorption spectrum. This spectrum is like a fingerprint of a substance, and the infrared absorption spectrum of each substance is unique.
Spectral analysis: By analyzing the infrared absorption spectrum, it is possible to determine the type of substance and even quantitatively analyze the composition of the substance.
Features of the infrared spectrum:
Visibility: Infrared spectroscopy can generally be measured directly by an infrared spectrometer and displayed graphically, allowing scientists to intuitively and comprehensively understand and analyze substances.
Uniqueness: The infrared spectrum is generated by the energy level change caused by the absorption of infrared light by the substance, and the energy level distribution, molecular vibration and rotation mode of each substance are unique, so the infrared spectrum is also unique, like the fingerprint of the substance. With infrared spectroscopy, substances can be accurately identified and analyzed.
Sensitivity: Infrared spectroscopy has a high degree of sensitivity to the type and quantity of substances, and can obtain accurate analysis results even for trace or trace substances.
Integrity: Infrared spectroscopy can reflect the information of all molecules in a substance that can absorb infrared light, including chemical structure, composition, properties, etc., and the information is rich.
Practicality: Infrared spectroscopy can be used for a wide range of substances (solid, liquid and gaseous) in all states and can be used for real-time, non-contact remote measurements.
Non-destructive: The acquisition process of infrared spectra is non-destructive, does not change the chemical and physical properties of the measured substance, and can be used for the analysis of sensitive or precious samples.
Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy:
Chemical Analysis: Infrared spectroscopy is a commonly used tool in chemical and materials science research to identify different compounds and study chemical reactions.
Food testing: In the food industry, the composition and quality of food can be detected by detecting the infrared absorption spectrum of substances in food.
Environmental monitoring: Infrared spectroscopy can also be used for environmental monitoring, such as the detection of air pollutants, the measurement of greenhouse gases, etc.
Medical diagnosis: Infrared spectroscopy is also used in medicine to diagnose diseases, such as detecting lesions by measuring the infrared absorption spectrum of biological tissues.
Military surveillance and reconnaissance: In the military field, infrared spectroscopy also has a wide range of applications, such as for night vision devices, thermal imagers, target recognition, etc.
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