Refinery exhaust gas treatment principle.
1. Overview. Refineries produce a large amount of waste gases during the production process, which mainly come from the process, combustion and petrochemical processes. Exhaust gas contains a variety of organic matter, odorous substances, harmful metals and acid gases, etc., if directly discharged into the atmosphere without treatment, it will cause serious harm to the environment and human health. Therefore, the principle of refinery exhaust gas treatment is essential for environmental protection and human health.
Second, the principle of refinery waste gas treatment.
The principles of refinery waste gas treatment mainly include absorption method, adsorption method, catalytic conversion method and combustion method. The following describes each of these methods.
1.Absorption.
Absorption method is a commonly used waste gas treatment method, which mainly uses absorbent to absorb harmful substances in waste gas. Commonly used absorbents include water, lye, and organic solvents. In the absorption process, the exhaust gas passes through the absorbent, and the harmful substances are absorbed by the absorbent, thus purifying the exhaust gas. The absorption method is mainly used to treat waste gases containing acid gases, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc.
2.Adsorption method.
The adsorption method is an efficient method for treating waste gas, mainly using adsorbents to adsorb harmful substances in the waste gas on the surface. Commonly used adsorbents include activated carbon, molecular sieve, and silica gel. In the adsorption process, the exhaust gas passes through the adsorbent, and the harmful substances are adsorbed on the surface, thus purifying the exhaust gas. The adsorption method is mainly used to treat exhaust gases containing volatile organic compounds, odorous substances and harmful gases.
3.Catalytic conversion method.
Catalytic conversion is a method commonly used to treat exhaust gases, mainly using catalysts to convert harmful substances in exhaust gases into harmless substances. Commonly used catalysts include catalysts, metal oxide catalysts and zeolite catalysts. In the catalytic conversion process, the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst, and the harmful substances are converted into harmless substances under the action of the catalyst, thereby purifying the exhaust gas. The catalytic conversion method is mainly used to treat waste gases containing organic and inorganic substances.
4.Combustion method.
The combustion method is a method of treating waste gas at high temperature, which mainly burns and decomposes harmful substances in the exhaust gas into harmless substances at high temperature. Commonly used combustion methods include direct combustion and catalytic combustion. During the combustion process, the exhaust gas is burned and decomposed at high temperatures, thus purifying the exhaust gas. The combustion method is mainly used to treat exhaust gases containing flammable substances, such as hydrocarbon compounds, organic sulfides, etc.
3. Refinery waste gas treatment process.
The refinery waste gas treatment process generally includes three stages: pretreatment, main treatment and post-treatment. Each of these three phases is described below.
1.Pre-treatment phase.
The pretreatment stage is mainly to carry out preliminary treatment of the exhaust gas, including dust removal, water removal, mist removal and other operations to remove impurities and harmful substances in the exhaust gas. The pre-treatment phase is critical to the overall exhaust gas treatment process, as it increases the efficiency and effectiveness of the main treatment while also reducing contamination of the subsequent treatment equipment.
2.The main processing stage.
The main treatment stage is the core part of the entire waste gas treatment process, which mainly uses the absorption method, adsorption method, catalytic conversion method and combustion method introduced above to treat the waste gas. In the main treatment stage, it is necessary to select the appropriate treatment method according to the specific composition and treatment requirements of the exhaust gas to achieve the best treatment effect.
3.Post-processing stage.
The post-treatment stage is mainly to further purify the waste gas after main treatment to meet the requirements of the national emission standard. Commonly used post-treatment methods include activated carbon adsorption, photocatalytic oxidation and biofiltration. In the post-treatment stage, harmful substances and peculiar smells in the exhaust gas can be further removed to improve the purification effect and treatment quality of the exhaust gas.
IV. Conclusions. The principle of refinery exhaust gas treatment is an important guarantee for environmental protection and human health. In the process of refinery waste gas treatment, it is necessary to select the appropriate treatment method according to the specific composition and treatment requirements of the waste gas, and strictly control all links in the process to ensure the best treatment effect and quality.