Original title: Strive to accelerate the construction of an agricultural power -- look at the strategic deployment of the "three rural" work in 2024 from the ** rural work conference.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) -- Strive to accelerate the construction of an agricultural power -- look at the strategic deployment of the "three rural" work in 2024 from the first rural work conference.
*The Rural Work Conference was held in Beijing from the 19th to the 20th. Before the meeting, the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the People's Republic of China put forward clear requirements for the meeting and the work of "three rural". **The general secretary made important instructions on the work of "three rural".
The general secretary stressed that party committees at all levels and the party committees at all levels should unswervingly implement the decision-making and deployment of the "three rural" work, adhere to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas, adhere to the integrated development of urban and rural areas, carry the responsibility on their shoulders and grasp it in their hands, carry out work creatively in combination with reality, and effectively promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, so as to accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and better promote Chinese-style modernization.
Next year is the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China and a key year for the implementation of the "14th Five-Year Plan". What are the key agricultural and rural tasks studied and deployed at this important meeting?What's next?The reporter interviewed relevant experts for the first time and interpreted the spirit of the meeting in depth.
Consolidate the "ballast stone" of food security
Ensuring a stable and safe supply of grain and important agricultural products has always been the top priority in building a strong agricultural country.
**The general secretary stressed: "It is necessary to fully implement the same responsibility of the party and government for food security, and insist on stabilizing the area and increasing yields. The meeting proposed, "do a good job in the production of grain and important agricultural products, stabilize the grain sowing area, and promote a large-scale increase in grain yield" and "ensure that the grain output in 2024 remains at 1."more than 3 trillion catties" and "strengthen the protection and construction of cultivated land".
This is a rice field near Xiaozhujia Village, Bohai Town, Ning'an City, Heilongjiang Province, taken on September 13, 2023 (drone**) by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Jianwei
This year's grain production has overcome the impact of unfavorable factors such as the rare "bad rain" in the Huanghuai River, the severe floods in North and Northeast China, and the local drought in the northwest, and the annual grain output has remained stable at 1 for nine consecutive yearsMore than 3 trillion catties, meat, eggs, milk, vegetables, fruits, aquatic products, etc., are sufficient, laying a solid foundation for maintaining overall economic and social stability and coping with various risks and challenges.
Qian Qian, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that this year's grain harvest was achieved in response to the frequent occurrence of natural disasters, which is not easy, mainly due to the implementation of food security responsibilities at all levels, the hard work of the peasant masses, the effective policy of supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers, and the joint efforts of good land, good seeds, and good laws.
The huge population base in China is superimposed on the continuous upgrading of consumption, the demand for food is still growing rigidly, and the uncertainty of global agricultural products is increasing, so it is necessary to consolidate the foundation of food security in an all-round way. Qian Qian said that to this end, the meeting put forward a series of targeted measures to stabilize grain production and ensure supply.
Farmers harvest wheat in a high-standard farmland in Yantang Village, Zhaiji Township, Kaiyang County, Guiyang City, May 31, 2023. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Wenbin
The meeting proposed to improve the "three-in-one" protection system of cultivated land quantity, quality and ecology, give priority to the cultivated land in the black soil area, plain area and areas with water conservancy and irrigation conditions in Northeast China into high-standard farmland, and appropriately increase the level of investment subsidies.
Zhong Yu, a researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that this year, the infrastructure construction represented by high-standard farmland has been continuously strengthened and upgraded, which has effectively improved the ability to respond to disasters and ensured a bumper harvest and increased grain production. These measures proposed this time will guard the lifeblood of grain production and steadily increase grain production capacity.
In 2023, China will continue to increase the minimum purchase price of wheat and rice, improve subsidies for corn and soybean producers, increase the scale of incentive funds for large grain-producing counties, and expand the implementation scope of full-cost insurance and planting income insurance for the three major grain crops.
The meeting emphasized the need to explore the establishment of an inter-provincial horizontal interest compensation mechanism for grain production and marketing areas. Zhong Yu said that this measure is conducive to increasing the ability of financial funds to be allocated in the main producing areas and improving the enthusiasm of the main producing areas to grasp grain. At the same time, the cooperation between the main producing areas and the main sales areas in terms of personnel, equipment and technology is also conducive to the main producing areas to expand and strengthen the grain industry, narrow the development differences between regions, and better ensure food security.
Ensure that there is no large-scale return to poverty
Ensuring that there is no large-scale return to poverty is the bottom-line task of doing a good job in the "three rural" work.
The meeting emphasized that it is necessary to implement the monitoring and assistance mechanism to prevent the return to poverty, improve the effectiveness of industrial and employment assistance, and promote the establishment of a normalized assistance mechanism for low-income rural populations and underdeveloped areas.
Mao Xuefeng, deputy dean of the College of Agriculture and Rural Development of Chinese University, believes that to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively connect with rural revitalization, it is necessary to continue to develop and expand the characteristic advantageous industries in poverty alleviation areas, encourage more funds to enter underdeveloped areas, promote the upgrading of traditional industries, support local pillar industries, and ensure that agricultural income does not decline on a large scaleAdopt order-based training to increase labor training in the region to ensure that non-agricultural income is not reduced. At the same time, we will continue to promote the coverage of public services such as education and medical care.
This is the scenery of Yangliuchi Tea Garden in Zouma Town, Hefeng County, Hubei Province taken on December 5, 2023 (drone**) Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Wenbin
In the first three quarters of this year, the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 15,705 yuan, a real increase of 73%, which is faster than 2 for urban residents6 percentage points.
Xu Zhigang, a professor at Nanjing Agricultural University, believes that to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation, while injecting external resources, it is necessary to take multiple measures in parallel to continuously improve the employability of relevant groups. At the same time, we will strengthen the assistance to poverty alleviation households that lack the ability to work due to their own reasons.
The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to improve the mechanism of linking agriculture with agriculture and implement actions to promote farmers' income. Xu Zhigang believes that it is necessary to improve the modern rural industrial system, do a good job in the brand building of agricultural products in the process of promoting standardization and quality, and take multiple measures to strengthen farmers' income.
Underdeveloped areas should create more local employment opportunities, and at the same time increase labor training, and transform unskilled labor into skilled labor to meet the needs of industrial upgrading. Mao Xuefeng said.
Effectively and effectively promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas
Comprehensively promoting rural revitalization is an important task for building an agricultural power in the new era. **The general secretary stressed that the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside should be effectively and effectively promoted to accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and better promote the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
In the view of Huang Jikun, dean of the Institute of New Rural Development at Peking University, "strong and effective" emphasizes more on the measures and effects of promoting the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. "In the future, it is necessary to further promote rural revitalization, integrate all aspects of resources, highlight key points, make up for shortcomings, and improve efficiency according to the characteristics, foundations, and resources of various places. ”
Li Guoxiang, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that the meeting put forward requirements for the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside from two aspects: intensifying the promotion and clarifying the focus. In the future, all localities and departments should shoulder their responsibilities and grasp them in their hands, and promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas to continuously make substantial progress and phased results.
The meeting emphasized that we should adhere to the principle of rejuvenating agriculture by industry, quality and greenIn-depth implementation of the rural living environment improvement and improvement actions;Promote party building and promote rural revitalization, and adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao experience" in the new eraVigorously strengthen the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas.
On September 11, 2023, at the Ocean Elderly Care Center in Wangdianzi Town, Luanzhou City, Hebei Province, medical staff led the elderly to take a break in the courtyard. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Shiyao
Experts said that the next step is to accelerate the construction of livable, workable and beautiful villages, conscientiously summarize and promote the experience of Zhejiang's "Ten Million Project", and solidly promote rural revitalization. Accelerate the continuous improvement of rural infrastructure and public services, and promote the use of the list system, the point system and other methods to further improve the efficiency of rural governance.
In Loudong Village, Dongbaihu Town, Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province, town and village cadres and villagers held a democratic discussion at the Family Style and Family Discipline Propaganda Booth, exchanged practical projects on people's livelihood, and solicited villagers' opinions and suggestions (photo taken on July 26, 2023). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Yu
The meeting also emphasized that it is necessary to coordinate the new urbanization and comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, improve the comprehensive carrying capacity and governance capacity of the county, and promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas at the county level.
**Feng Wenmeng, a researcher at the Development Research Center, said that it is necessary to effectively and effectively promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside within a broader regional scope, organically combine the promotion of new urbanization and the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, promote the two-way flow of various elements, and form a new pattern of urban-rural integration development.
Strengthen the two-wheel drive of science and technology and reform
To build an agricultural power, the weapon lies in science and technology, and the key lies in reform.
Supporting the construction of agricultural science and technology innovation platforms", "accelerating the revitalization of the seed industry" and "strengthening rural reform and innovation" ......Focusing on strengthening the two-wheel drive of science and technology and reform, the meeting made a series of important arrangements.
From the perspective of the practice of agricultural modernization in the world and the practice of agricultural development and rural revitalization in China, the construction of an agricultural power is mainly carried out from the two main lines of scientific and technological innovation and deepening of rural system reform. In recent years, China's agricultural science and technology innovation capacity has been steadily improved, and the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress has reached 624%。
The 2023 World Congress on Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation was held in Beijing from November 2 to 4. This is November 2, 2023, and the staff (left) introduces the smart plant factory at the World Agricultural Science and Technology Expo. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Ren Chao
Ye Xingqing, director of the Rural Economic Research Department of the Development Research Center, said that since the beginning of this year, some places in China have explored important experiences in improving grain yields, and systematically integrated the existing improved seeds, agricultural machinery, technology, and management, so as to have a good effect of increasing production and reducing costs. The next step is to adhere to the idea of agricultural science and technology innovation in accordance with the deployment of the meeting, and further give full play to the effective experience of technology integration. It is necessary to continue to make efforts in the fields of seed industry revitalization and key agricultural machinery and equipment, advocate joint cooperation, give full play to the advantages of the new first-class system, integrate all kinds of scientific research resources, and make breakthroughs in key core technologies.
On February 22, 2023, Yu Meng, a researcher from Qingdao Seawater Rice Research and Development Center, conducted a rice hybrid experiment at the National Southern Breeding Research and Breeding Base in Sanya. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Liyun
Qian Qian said that in terms of the revitalization of the seed industry, it is necessary to strengthen the co-construction and sharing of major platforms, realize the sharing of innovative resources and complementary functions, and jointly build the core scientific and technological strength of the national strategy of the seed industry. At the same time, it is necessary to accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and further promote the deep integration of seed industry innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain and talent chain.
At the Gongzhuling Demonstration Base of the Changchun Demonstration Zone of the Chinese Academy of Sciences' "Black Soil Granary" Science and Technology Battle, unmanned agricultural machinery loads harvested corn into a truck (photo taken on October 19, 2023). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Nan
To speed up agricultural modernization, it is necessary to increase the impetus and vitality of reform.
Ye Xingqing said: It is necessary to continue to properly handle the main line of the relationship between peasants and land. This year, in some localities, China has carried out pilot projects to extend land contracts after they expire. Continuing to do a good job in this work will promote the peasants to carry out land circulation with confidence and stability, and create more stable expectations for the growth of the main body of the new agricultural operation. It is necessary to do a solid job in all aspects of the work of extending the contract period for another 30 years, accelerate the improvement of the agricultural socialized service system, let the vast number of farmers share more fruits in the reform, and lay a solid foundation for building an agricultural power. (Reporter Qi Zhongxi, Yu Wenjing, Gao Jing, Hu Lu, Yu Qiongyuan).