The dietary pyramid for patients with hyperglycemia can be followed"Two high, four low and one flat"principles. 
1.Two highs: high in complex carbohydrates and high in fiber.
High in complex carbohydrates refers to choosing carbohydrates that are rich in whole grains, legumes, and vegetables, which are high in fiber and help control the rate at which blood sugar rises. High-fiber foods such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, etc., help stabilize blood sugar levels.
2.Four low: low sugar, low salt, low fat, low cholesterol. Low sugar means avoiding high-sugar foods and reducing carbohydrate intake as much as possible. Low salt is because people with high blood sugar often have high blood pressure and need to limit sodium intake. Low fat and low cholesterol are used to prevent and control possible cardiovascular disease in patients.
3.Moderate: Medium protein. Moderate protein intake helps maintain healthy muscles and tissues, but excessive protein intake can be taxing on the kidneys, so it is important to control protein intake in moderation.
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It is important to note that the dietary pyramid is only a guiding principle, and the specific dietary plan should be developed according to the individual's physical condition and the advice of a doctor or dietitian. The key to controlling blood sugar is to establish a balanced eating plan that includes controlling food intake, making healthy food choices, eating well, and exercising to maintain good blood sugar control.