Mr. Zhu is an ordinary white-collar worker, busy with work, in order to relax, he usually has time to ask friends to go on a three-to-five-day excursion in the off-season.
Recently, while going to play with friends,As soon as he entered the park, Mr. Zhu felt chest tightness, panting, dizziness, and cold sweat；At first, he didn't take it seriously, and only took a short break and continued to walk around the park, and later when he took the cable car down the mountain, heI felt that the chest tightness was aggravated, and my eyes were black and I couldn't see things clearly, and I thought that I had chest tightness for nearly 10 minutes the night before, and I kept breaking out in cold sweats and headachesMr. Zhu became alert and immediately left the park to take a taxi to the hospital near the scenic spot.
After telling the doctor about his condition, the doctor suspected that it was a heart attack, so he asked Mr. Zhu to go for a coronary angiography and blood test. The results of the examination were unexpected, and it was not a simple chest tightness and shortness of breath:Coronary angiography showed that Mr. Zhu had severe stenosis of both left and right coronary arteries, some of which were as high as 89%;A blood test also showed a 10-fold increase in markers of myocardial injury
In this regard, the doctor said that fortunately, Mr. Zhu came to the hospital in time for examination, and if it continues to drag on, it is likely that the coronary artery will be completely blocked, and once the complete blockage is formed, the consequences will be very serious.
After the doctor analyzed Mr. Zhu's condition, he arranged for Mr. Zhu to undergo surgery, which enabled Mr. Zhu to turn his life around. Afterwards, Mr. Zhu said that he never thought that he would have a heart attack, because in previous years, in addition to finding that his blood sugar was high, there was no other discomfort, and there was no Xi such as smoking and drinking.
The doctor explained that the causes of a heart attack are complex and varied, and that not smoking or drinking does not mean that a heart attack will not occurMoreover, a hyperglycemic environment is inherently detrimental to cardiovascular healthNerve endings that have been exposed to a hyperglycemic environment for a long time become sluggish, so even if myocardial ischemia is present, there may be no symptoms, i.e., no discomfort;In addition, long-term work pressure and mental anxiety will also increase the risk of heart attack.
Myocardial infarction, also known as myocardial infarction, is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease with an increasing incidence year by year. According to the statistics of our country in recent years,Every year, more than 3 million patients with acute myocardial infarction are diagnosed in hospitals, but less than 10 patients receive timely treatment；There are even fewer patients like Mr. Zhu, who are in serious condition and can rush to the hospital in time for treatment. The main reason for this phenomenon is that nearly half of the patients do not go to the hospital because they think their symptoms are mild or that the discomfort will resolve on their own**.
In fact, when a patient with a myocardial infarction develops, there will be some obvious symptoms that are different from ordinary physical discomfort, so when the following symptoms appear, we must be alert to the possibility of a myocardial infarction and need to seek medical attention in time.
The main reason is that people do not pay attention to some physical discomfort symptoms, which then aggravates the condition and affects the treatment. Therefore, patients must be vigilant when the following five symptoms appear on a daily basis, because this is likely to be a warning given at the time of a myocardial infarction.
1.Persistent pain in the precordial area
Persistent precordial pain (precordial area usually located at the inferior border of the left 2nd costal cartilage) is the most common symptom of acute myocardial infarction (due to hypoxia of myocardial cells). If the patient has a sudden onset of precordial pain that does not resolve after 5 to 15 minutes and is accompanied by a sense of impending death, it is likely to be an acute myocardial infarction. For those who engage in some physical labor or exercise (such as carrying goods, going upstairs, walking briskly, etc.), and have persistent precordial pain, it is necessary to pay attention to it and go to the hospital for examination as soon as possible.
In addition,If the patient has persistent precordial pain at night that cannot be relieved after taking medicine, frequent attacks and gradually severe pain, it is recommended to go to the emergency department of the hospital for examination to ensure that the first time can be treated.
2.Chest tightness with sweating
When the patient has chest tightness and discomfort or chest pain, accompanied by cold sweat, nausea and vomiting, it is likely to be a symptom of a myocardial infarction. BecauseDuring the attack of myocardial infarction, the sympathetic nervous system is active due to the ischemia and hypoxia of myocardial cells and the increase in cardiac pressure, which causes the patient to have chest tightness and sweating.
If the patient develops the above symptoms outdoors in a hot environment, it should not be confused with heat stroke, so as not to delay the treatment time.
3.Temperament has changed dramatically
In people with myocardial infarction, it can cause:The body has a lack of oxygen or insufficient blood supplyTherefore, people with myocardial infarction may not necessarily show symptoms such as chest tightness and chest pain, but willBecause of the lack of oxygen and insufficient blood supply, the brain is affected and the temperament is greatly changed.
For example, a person who is usually in good spirits suddenly becomes sluggish, and even if he is well-rested, he still looks wilted;Or people who are happy every day suddenly become irritable and irritable, or often feel anxious and fearful. Therefore, patients with the above conditions should also pay more attention at ordinary times.
4.Soreness and numbness in the lower limbs
Soreness and numbness in the lower limbs are also relatively common in patients with myocardial infarction. This is because of somePeople with a myocardial infarction have atherosclerosis, and when a heart attack occurs, there is a lack of blood supply throughout the body, which in turn affects blood circulation in the lower limbs, causing the patient to have symptoms of soreness and numbness in the lower limbs.
5.Sudden headache and pain in the soles of the feet
Headaches are a common symptom in everyday life, so many people ignore that headaches can be caused by a heart attack. People who have never had a headache but have recently had a sudden and frequent headache should be aware that it may be due to a heart attack. BecauseWhen a heart attack occurs, it can lead to a lack of oxygen and insufficient blood supply to the body, which may cause cerebral vasospasm, which is manifested as headache.
In addition,When a patient has an acute myocardial infarction, it may also cause a sudden pinprick pain on the soles of the feetThis is because there is a "heart reflex zone" on the bottom of the human foot, and this part is sometimes stimulated clinically to judge the patient's heart health. Therefore, when a patient has a sudden heart attack, the "heart reflex zone" on the bottom of the foot may also react.
In short, when the above 5 symptoms appear, we should be alert to a heart attack. In addition, we also need to understand which groups of people are prone to myocardial infarction, how to prevent it, and do a good job of prevention in daily life is the key to reducing the risk of myocardial infarction.
In recent years, although the main group of myocardial infarction patients is the elderly, there are more and more cases of sudden myocardial infarction among young people, which has a lot to do with their daily life Xi. In general, people who are prone to heart attack mainly include the following categories:
1) Smokers and people who have been exposed to secondhand smoke for a long time
The harm of smoking is not only reflected in the lungs, but also causes great harm to the cardiovascular system. Studies have found that the number of deaths from heart disease caused by smoking is much higher than the number of deaths from lung cancer caused by smoking. People who smoke for a long time or are exposed to second-hand smoke for a long time will accelerate the precipitation of cardiovascular lipids and promote the development of atherosclerosis, which is easy to cause cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction.
2) "Three highs" patients
Patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes are also at risk of myocardial infarction, because the environment of high blood pressure, high sugar, and high fat will cause serious damage to the patient's heart and blood vessels, which can easily cause heart disease and may cause myocardial infarction.
3) People who are mentally stressed
People who are stressed are not only prone to sleep disordersIt can also promote the development of atherosclerosis due to lack of sleep, which in turn leads to hypertension, and the presence of high blood pressure will also accelerate the formation of atherosclerosis, constituting a vicious circle。This vicious circle is extremely harmful, and if the plaque on the blood vessels in the body is unstable, once ruptured, it is easy to cause blockage of blood vessels, thus causing myocardial infarction.
Regardless of the age group, those who belong to the above groups have a high risk of myocardial infarction, so in order to effectively prevent myocardial infarction, it is recommended to do the following in life:First of all,To maintain a good routine and rest Xi, having enough sleep time is not only conducive to maintaining a good attitude, but also conducive to physical health；Secondly,It is advisable to quit smoking, limit alcohol or not drink alcoholto reduce the harm caused by the intake of tobacco and alcohol to the cardiovascular system and metabolic systemIn addition,Eat a balanced diet and exerciseIt can help avoid obesity and reduce the risk of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension. ForPatients with "three highs" must be actively controlled to maintain blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure at normal levels.
Although people with a myocardial infarction may suddenly develop signs of chest tightness, shortness of breath, chest pain, and cold sweats a few days before the onset of the disease, not all patients will have the signs and not all patients will realize that these conditions are signs of a heart attack. Therefore,In the event of a sudden myocardial infarction, the patient or his family members need to call the emergency ** in time and send them to the hospital**.
Before the ambulance arrived,Patients with sudden myocardial infarction should not move at will, and need to be transferred by family members to a bed or an open position, in a flat lying position, to ensure that the patient's environment has good air circulationIf symptoms such as nausea and vomiting occur, family members are required to help remove the dirt from the patient's mouth and nose (or unbutton the collar if the patient is wearing tight clothing) to ensure that the patient can breathe freely.
Also, if at homeIf medication is available, family members can help the patient take it;For example, let the patient take nitroglycerin tablets sublingually, or chew 1-2 tablets of aspirin. During a myocardial infarction, the patient must remain in a supine position, whether while waiting for an ambulance or a family member driving the patient to the hospital (with the patient lying flat in the back seat).
The high incidence of myocardial infarction and the low treatment rate have always been a major pain point faced by myocardial infarction patients in China, mainly because many people do not pay attention to the symptoms of persistent precordial pain, chest tightness and sweating as signs of myocardial infarction, so they miss a good treatment time.
Mr. Zhu, mentioned in the article, became vigilant because he felt that his symptoms appeared too suddenly, and went to the hospital in time to seek medical treatment. Therefore, we would like to reiterate that if you have any of the 5 symptoms mentioned above, you must go to the hospital for an early check-up.
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