Fujian**" December 12, 2023 08 edition.
Core Tips. Ecological farm is different from conventional farms, it is based on the principle of ecology, following the principles of wholeness, coordination, recycling, regeneration, diversity, the introduction of ecological agriculture technology, modern advanced equipment, green and low-carbon concepts, through the overall design and reasonable construction, the organisms and organisms and organisms and the environment between the material cycle and energy transformation are linked, the agricultural bio-agricultural environment system for scientific and reasonable combination and management, in order to obtain the maximum sustainable yield, while achieving resource matching, environmental friendliness, The main body of agricultural production and operation of food safety.
According to the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Construction of Ecological Farms", our province has recommended 16 farms such as Zhangping Hongding Farm Development *** Luoyuan Xilan Qijingtang Tea Industry *** Fujian Lufeng Tea Industry *** Wuyi Star Tea Industry *** as the third batch of national ecological farms. Previously, 17 farms in our province have been rated as the second batch of national ecological farms.
Our province is a major tea-producing province. Through the in-depth implementation of the "rural tourism +" strategy, all localities will combine the tea industry with tourism, explore the integrated development model of tea tourism such as "tea field + cultural and creative, research, tourism, health care, and characteristic homestays", and create a new way of "tea tourism integration" of "bringing tourism with tea and revitalizing tea with tourism", injecting new vitality into rural revitalization and the transformation and upgrading of the tea industry.
In the past few days, the reporter walked into the tea mountain to explore the green practices carried out by the Ba Min Ecological Farm in the vast fields.
Green exploration of ecological tea mountains.
Throw a pinch of tea leaves into an enamel cup and slowly pour boiling water into the pot. The tea leaves dance in the water, and then they unfold and turn into pieces of turquoise leaves, and the fragrance of tea fills the nose. On the 5th, in the tea mountain cottage at an altitude of 510 meters above sea level in Xilan Village, Xilan Township, Luoyuan County, Fuzhou City, Gan Qingqing, the person in charge of Qijingtang Tea Industry, handed the reporter a cup of brewed Qijing tea, accompanied by a fresh and refreshing taste of the tip of the tongue, and the topic went straight to "Qijing Tea" and "Ecological Farm".
More than 3,000 gold-leaved ginkgo trees are interplanted in the tea garden, making the grass and tree valley tea tourism project prosperous. "Xilan Township Seven Realms is located in the west of Luoyuan, surrounded by mountains, perennial clouds and mist, and the foggy days can reach more than 200 days a year. With abundant rainfall, a large temperature difference between day and night, a lot of diffused light, and a high relative humidity, it is a good place for tea trees to grow. It can be said that the mountains and clouds nourish the tea of the Seven Realms, creating natural conditions for the growth of high-quality fresh leaves for the tea trees here. Gan Qingge said that in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tea of the seven realms was listed as a tribute, and the legend of a "leaf" was achieved.
What are the "Seven Realms"? 'Seven Realms' is a place name. In ancient times, when natural villages were divided into 'realms', the five villages around this area (some of the large villages have two realms, and the small villages have one realm) are collectively called the 'Seven Realms'. According to legend, in the Song Dynasty, there was a Taiwei Song Bin who lived in seclusion here and reaped a lot of harvest by planting tea. After discovering that the local area was suitable for tea planting, Song Bin taught the villagers in the neighboring eight villages to grow tea, and continuously improved the tea-making skills. The villagers were grateful to Song Bin and built the "Seven Realms Hall" to serve him. For hundreds of years, the fragrance of Qijing tea has been extended, and it has been famous in Beijing and Tianjin for its "high fragrance, refreshing taste, green color, and bubble resistance". Gan Qingqing spoke eloquently.
The dew mountains and beautiful waters are beautiful, and the seven realms are strange. Thousands of years of eternity, heaven and earth. This ancient poem praises Luoyuan Qijing Tea. Qijing tea is a fried green tea, the leaf shape is short, the leaves are thick, the hair tea cord is tight and short, the shape is like a firecracker fuse, commonly known as "firecracker core"; The color is oily green and slightly gray, the aroma is elegant and lasting, the taste is fresh and sweet, there is a faint chestnut flavor in the aftertaste, the teeth and cheeks are fragrant, and the aftertaste of soaking four times still exists.
In order to ensure the 'four uniques' of Qijing tea, we have made great efforts in ecological agriculture. Walking through the tea plantation, the staggered planting of black tree, paulownia tree, camphor tree, pine tree, gold-leaf metasequoia, ginkgo biloba, etc. in the distance are all the "treasures" of Gan Qingga. "With all kinds of trees in the original ecology and landform, we have retained many unnamed birds such as rhododendrons, pheasants, turtle doves, ribbon birds, etc., which help us get rid of insects, and the tea garden can spray less or even no insecticides. ”
Frequent weeding in tea gardens is the consensus of most tea farmers, but Gan Qingge does not think so.
Do not sprinkle herbicides, do not remove weeds. Gan Qingge said that the weeding of the Qijingtang Tea Garden only uses manual hoeing, and only hoes the grass that must be hoeed. "The traditional concept is that the weeds in the tea garden are all harmful weeds, which not only compete with the tea trees for nutrients, but also attract snakes, insects, rats and ants, and if they are not eliminated, they will harm the tea garden. In the exploration of the construction of ecological farms, we feel that the appropriate amount of weeds around the tea trees is conducive to maintaining soil temperature and humidity, increasing the biodiversity of tea gardens, and promoting the coordination between industry and ecology. Gan Qingge said that "Qijingtang" was recommended as the third batch of national ecological farms, and this "national brand" is the greatest affirmation of their exploration of ecological agriculture for many years.
Ecological dividends have given birth to a "beautiful economy". Xilan Township, Luoyuan County, integrated and improved the creation of research sites and beautiful and livable villages such as Qijing, Xuyang, Yangping, Shouqiao, and Yishi, launched the "Seven Realms" publicity theme song, and held special activities such as "Luoyuan Rice Fishing Harvest Festival" and "Red Action Point Beautiful Village"; Diversified development, the construction of tea culture experience area, tea research institute, homestay and other supporting facilities, with the green ecological tea industry to drive the employment of surrounding villagers, to create a set of accommodation, catering, culture, entertainment, leisure, health care as one of the cultural tourism industry chain, the formation of "to Jiangshan Village to appreciate azaleas, to Xilan Village to taste Qijing tea, to Yangping Village to see the ancient houses, to Xuyang Village to visit the She ethnic characteristics of the village, to Shouqiao Village to see the peach blossom forest, to the stone village to experience the red culture", with "a beauty" to lead the "beauty everywhere", Comprehensively promote the development of rural tourism, and realize the organic unity of "ecological beauty" and "people's wealth".
The leading ecological farm has increased the income of villagers.
The word 'tea' is 'people among the grass and trees';'Valley' is not only a valley, representing green mountains and beautiful waters, but also carrying the meaning of a good harvest. On the 6th, at the Caomu Valley Fujian Tea Culture and Art Center in Tong'an Town, Yongtai County, Fuzhou City, Lu Guiyun, deputy to the Fuzhou Municipal People's Congress and general manager of Lufeng Tea Industry in Fujian Province, introduced himself - a new farmer who returned to his hometown to start a business in the new era, "All departures are for his hometown."
Lu Guiyun is a "post-80s" who grew up smelling the fragrance of tea, and her father Lu Bomei has been doing business in Shanghai for more than ten years. In 1996, Lu Bomei returned to his hometown to start a business and opened Lufeng Tea Factory, which has been deeply involved in the field of Yongtai fine tea for more than 20 years. In 2019, 16 years after leaving his hometown, Lu Guiyun made the same choice as his father of the "first generation" - to return to his hometown to start a business and become a "second generation" who devoted himself to the tea industry. With the continuous struggle of the father and daughter, "Lu Feng" has now developed into a provincial agricultural leading enterprise with an area of more than 1,600 acres of tea plantations, and has been recommended as the third batch of national ecological farms.
Children study at the Lufeng Tea Garden. "Good mountains and good water make good tea. Yongtai has a superior ecological environment, which has created the good quality of Yongtai fine tea. After taking over "Lu Feng", Lu Guiyun strengthened the ecological management of tea farms, improved tea varieties, renovated tea gardens and production workshops, continued to improve tea-making technology, and realized green, low-carbon and environmental protection in the whole process of planting, processing, packaging and sales; On the other hand, with the help of the superior ecological environment, the tea industry will be combined with tea culture and tea tourism to create a tea culture and art center in the grass and wood valley. Here, visitors can not only enjoy more than 3,000 gold-leaf ginkgo trees in the tea garden, but also taste organic tea meals, drink tea wine and tea, live in wooden houses and homestays, and enjoy tea mountain performances in the garden.
In recent years, Yongtai County has actively practiced the concept of integrated development of "three teas", done a good job in the integration of tea culture, tea industry and tea technology, and implemented the Yongtai Green Tea Geographical Indication Protection Project and the Tea Tourism Town Construction Project, so that the tea industry has become a characteristic industry that consolidates and expands the achievements of poverty alleviation and continues rural revitalization. "My plan is to establish a tea estate that integrates elements such as cultural tourism, tea base, production, sales, and brand promotion. Lu Guiyun signed a cooperation agreement with farmers to launch the "Tea Tourism + Poverty Alleviation" project in Caomu Valley. During the operation of the project, the contracted farmers can enjoy dividend rewards in the form of capital shares. At the same time, the project can also provide jobs for farmers to work in environmental sanitation, tourist guidance, parking lot management, catering services, etc. With the increase in the number of tourists, the sales of local agricultural products will be driven, and the idle houses can also be transformed into homestays at an accelerated pace.
Wu Yiyun is a daughter-in-law from other places who married in Tong'an Town, and thanks to the construction of Caomu Valley, she can find employment nearby. "The occupancy rate of Caomu Valley B&B is high on weekends and holidays, and most weekends need to be booked in advance, and during the free period, it will provide reception services for different scenes such as research and team building. As the front desk staff of Caomu Valley, Wu Yiyun has the most intuitive feeling for the development of Caomu Valley, "Most of the tea farmers who work here and pick tea in the tea garden are local villagers, and they have achieved 'employment and income increase at the doorstep'." ”
We were born and raised there, and we hope to lead the surrounding villagers to embark on the road of prosperity together and make them live a happier life. Lu Guiyun said, "We also provide tea seedlings and technical guidance for surrounding tea farmers, and purchase their tea leaves with guaranteed purchases." At the same time, tea picking jobs are provided during the tea picking season, which can increase the income of 130 200 yuan per person per day. ”
Under the promotion of Lu Guiyun, Lu Feng's leading ecological farm alone has benefited more than 560 villagers in 7 surrounding villages, driven more than 2,700 farmers to work, and supported the development of green agriculture by continuously improving the modernization level of the ecological environment governance system and governance capacity, so that "green up" drives "rich up" to achieve "strong up".
Tea with tourism and tourism with tea".
During the heavy snow season, the Taipin cherry blossom tea garden in Yongfu Town, Zhangping City looks elegant and quiet, and the neatly trimmed tea ridges are delicate and green under the warm winter sun.
In just over a month, our early cherry blossoms will be in full bloom in the wind, and the red cherry blossom season is approaching again. Xie Dongqing, a Taiwanese businessman who has been rooted in the mainland for 27 years, told reporters that during the cherry blossom season of more than a month before and after the Spring Festival this year, there were an average of more than 10,000 people a day, and at the most, 34,000 people poured into the cherry blossom tea garden in a single day. As far as the eye can see, in the rolling tea plantations, the tea green cherry blossoms are as bright as the clouds, and under the cherry blossom tunnel thousands of meters long, there are ** shoulder to shoulder; Outside the tea plantations, the whole town is full of traffic, and tourists from all over the world come to Vinh Phuc for a spring date.
Come to Fujian, enjoy the cherry blossoms, meet the romance and enjoy the spring. On February 10 this year, the 2023 Fujian Cherry Blossom Cultural Tourism Promotion Activity hosted by the Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism and the people of Longyan City was held in Taipin Sakura Tea Garden, and the prelude to Fujian's spring tourism promotion activities was opened.
Yongfu Town is known as "Alishan in the Mainland" because of its latitude and mountainous climate, which is similar to Alishan in Taiwan. Taking advantage of the special geomorphology and climatic advantages of Vinh Phuc Town, Taiwanese businessmen are committed to developing standardized and pollution-free alpine tea. At present, Vinh Phuc has become the largest Taiwanese soft branch oolong tea production area in mainland China and the township with the most intensive investment by Taiwan-funded agricultural individuals in the mainland.
Xie Dongqing, the owner of the Taipin Cherry Blossom Tea Garden, was the first Taiwanese farmer in Yongfu Town, Zhangping City. In the 90s of the last century, Xie Dongqing introduced cherry blossoms from Taiwan to Yongfu Town, and after more than 20 years of efforts, it finally formed a grand scene of cherry blossoms blooming all over the mountains today.
There are more than 40 world-class cherry blossom varieties such as Chinese red, scarlet cherry and Yunnan cherry, with a total of nearly 10,000 trees, which has become an eco-tourism tea garden, and the flowering period is about late January to mid-March every year. Xie Dongqing said.
Today's Taiwan Sakura Tea Garden is one of the leading enterprises of cross-strait agricultural cooperation, one of the national ecological farms, and a new business card of "Alishan in the mainland". More than 1,200 acres of tea plantations are planted in contour and terraces, which is conducive to soil and water conservation, ecological circulation, ecological sightseeing and leisure tourism on the slopes, laying a good foundation for sustainable development.
Taipin Cherry Blossom Tea Garden is known as "China's Top Ten Cherry Blossom Viewing Places". "Tea is a green belt, and cherry blossoms are dotted with lips. "Xie Dongqing's attempt was a great success. "We have opened a sightseeing train in the tea plantation, and tourists can follow the best cherry blossom viewing route to see the cherry blossoms and taste authentic Taiwanese food. Xie Dongqing said that the integration of tea tourism has brought popularity and benefits. Taipin Cherry Blossom Tea Garden was listed in the "Top Ten Cherry Blossom Viewing Places in China", and was first selected as "the first batch of excellent creative tourism products in Fujian Province" and "National Green Food Demonstration Park for the Integrated Development of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Industries", becoming a model for the integrated development of three industries. "Sightseeing has brought crowds, which not only increased the sales of alpine tea, but also led to the development of surrounding catering and accommodation. Xie Dongqing said that on the basis of planting, the development of processing industry and tourism in high mountain tea, so that agriculture "one after another", the future is promising.
Nowadays, the Taiwanese cherry blossom tea garden has driven the local 120,000 rural households are engaged in the production and sales of flowers and vegetables, and 3,300 rural households are engaged in travel agencies, accommodation, catering and other tourism services.
The transformation of the cherry blossom tea garden into a tourist attraction not only drives the development of local tourism, but also feeds the development of Taiwanese agriculture and Taiwan enterprises, develops processing industry and agricultural tourism on the basis of planting industry, and promotes the development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas. Here, Fujian Zhangping Hongding Farm Development ***, founded by Taiwanese farmer Li Zhihong, has become the first Taiwanese enterprise tourism factory in Fujian, and has been recommended as the third batch of national ecological farms, realizing the transformation from "beautiful countryside" to "beautiful economy".
A sightseeing train in a Taiwanese cherry blossom tea plantation. The integration of tea tourism has brought popularity and benefits. "Ecological farms have extremely strict requirements for all key aspects of agricultural production and operation units, emphasizing wholeness, coordination, recycling, regeneration, and diversity, so that the product quality is naturally better, the added value is higher, and it can better meet the huge market demand of the increasingly diverse cities. Qiu Xiaowen, director of the Provincial Agricultural Ecological Environment and Energy Technology Promotion Station, told reporters that our province attaches great importance to the green development of agriculture, strengthens top-level design, innovates systems and mechanisms, and promotes the green transformation of agricultural development mode. "Through the demonstration and driving role of ecological farms, the green development of agriculture in our province has achieved remarkable results, agricultural resources have been effectively protected, agricultural non-point source pollution has been effectively curbed, agricultural ecosystems have been effectively restored, green and low-carbon industrial chains have been accelerated, and the level of agricultural green development has been steadily improved to a new height, providing important basic support for ensuring food security, ecological security and rural revitalization. ”
Reporter's Notes. Integration of agriculture and tourism: a strong driving force for rural revitalization.
From "you can raise it if you want to, use it if you want to", to "you can raise it, but you can't pollute the environment", and then to today's safer, greener, and more environmentally friendly ecological farm awareness is becoming more and more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Looking at the vast fields of Fujian, the construction of ecological farms is in the ascendant, and the development model and concept of integrated development of agriculture and tourism are constantly updated.
The integration of agriculture and tourism is a development model of "integration of three industries" and "urban-rural integration" based on ecological agriculture, with rural supply-side reform as the path, cultural tourism as a new format, and rural industrial upgrading as the goal.
Wen Tiejun, a well-known expert on agriculture and agriculture and a professor at the Chinese People's University, believes that agricultural modernization is, first of all, agricultural ecology. It is necessary to take ecological transformation and ecological construction as the first task of rural revitalization, "which is the only way to modernize agriculture."
By taking the road of ecological development, the farm can realize the mutual promotion and win-win situation of industry, ecology and tourism in the integrated development of agriculture and tourism, so as to draw a new picture of rural revitalization of "rural beauty, industrial prosperity, and farmers' wealth".
In recent years, our province has continued to promote the practice and exploration of ecological agriculture, and has built a number of modern ecological agriculture bases covering different leading industry types, and initially formed a five-level modern ecological agriculture demonstration and driving system at the provincial, municipal, county, township (village) and base levels. With the deepening of economic and social development and ecological civilization construction, the consumption level of urban and rural residents has gradually improved, and people's demand for high-quality and diverse agricultural products has become more and more intense.
Rural revitalization should not only shape but also cast the soul. The "National Rural Industry Development Plan (2020-2025)" issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs proposes to "take the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries as the path", and "expand rural characteristic industries and optimize rural leisure tourism" as a key task. The cross-border integrated development of cultural tourism and ecological agriculture will become an important direction to boost the rural economy and provide strong momentum for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. As the main body of the market, the ecological farm is no longer a single place engaged in agricultural production, its ecological value and cultural value are becoming increasingly prominent, and it has become a new industry with agricultural function expansion, rural value exploration, and business type innovation, which is compatible with production and life ecology, integrates industrial and agricultural urban and rural areas, and has broad development prospects.
Link background. Ecological agriculture first emerged in Europe in the 20s of the last century, and then made great progress in Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Japan, etc.;In the 60s, many farms in Europe turned to ecological cultivation, and at the end of the 70s, Southeast Asia began to discuss ecological agriculture, and taking the route of sustainable development has become a common choice for agriculture in all countries in the world.
In February 2022, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Construction of Ecological Farms" to accelerate the construction of ecological farms and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of agriculture.
The "Guiding Opinions" proposes that by 2025, through scientific evaluation, tracking and monitoring and guidance services, 1,000 national ecological farms will be built across the country, 10,000 local ecological farms will be built in various provinces, a number of modern and efficient ecological agriculture market entities will be selected and cultivated, a number of ecological agriculture construction technology models will be summarized and promoted, and a set of support policies for the development of ecological agriculture will be explored, and the supply of green and high-quality agricultural products will continue to increase, and the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture will be continuously improved, so that the construction of ecological farms will become a promotion of agricultural productionAn important platform and powerful gripper of "three products and one standard".
Up to now, under the guidance of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the General Station of Agricultural Ecology and Resource Conservation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the China Association of Agricultural Ecological and Environmental Protection have carried out two batches of ecological farm evaluation, cultivating 431 national ecological farms, setting a model for promoting the green development of modern agriculture in various places.