Illustrated by Jiang Chen. Health mailboxXiao Zhao, a soldier of a certain army unit:I am a new soldier and I am stationed in the plateau for training for the first time. Recently, I found that the ** on my hand was cracked and small openings, and I also had itching symptoms after soaking in hot water. What can I do to improve the ** situation?
Huang Yujie, Plateau Medical Research Center of the Whole Army:Xiao Zhao's situation is **chapped. **It has a variety of functions such as protecting the body, secreting sebaceous glands, and regulating body temperature. The plateau is cold and dry in winter, and the secretion function of sweat glands and sebaceous glands decreases, resulting in a lack of moisture and oil moisture, which is more likely to form chapping. During the training of officers and soldiers, the hands and feet are subjected to a greater pulling force, and they are also prone to cracking. In addition, chilblains, chronic eczema and other diseases can also lead to chapped diseases under pathological conditions.
*Chapped skin usually occurs on the fingers, palms, heels and lips, and can be classified as mild, moderate, and severe. Mild chapping is mainly manifested as dryness, roughness, superficial cracks visible on the surface, and no bleeding and painModerate ** chapping is mainly manifested as ** surface tear, pain in the affected area but no bleeding;Severe ** chapping is mainly manifested as a long, deep tear, which can reach the subcutaneous tissue, and the pain is more obvious, often accompanied by bleeding symptoms. It is recommended that the officers and soldiers of the plateau should take care of their skin scientifically, comprehensively prevent and treat them, maintain their health, and prevent the occurrence of cracking.
Scientific nursing. **The barrier consists of a stratum corneum and a sebaceous membrane. If you over-clean or exfoliate frequently, it is easy to damage the sebaceous film and stratum corneum, causing symptoms such as itching and redness. It is recommended that you wash your hands and feet with warm water, rub your face and bath moderately, do not use bath products with too strong cleaning power, and do not exfoliate frequently to prevent damage to the sebum filmWear rubber gloves when brushing dishes and washing clothes to prevent the chemicals in the detergent from damaging your hands**. The plateau is cold and dry in winter, and the ultraviolet rays are strong, so doing a good job of moisturizing and sunscreen can effectively prevent chapping. It is recommended that you use moisturizing skin care products in time after bathing, such as plateau moisturizing cream, petroleum jelly, etc.;When outdoors and training, always apply highland sunscreen;If the room temperature is high, you can adjust the indoor air humidity by sprinkling water on the floor, putting water in the room, using a humidifier, etc.;Avoid bad habits such as licking your lips that can lead to chapped lips. If you already have chapped lips, you should apply a moisturizing lip balm promptly.
Keep warm. Cold and dry are the main causes of chapped hands and feet. During winter training, officers and men on the plateau should take good measures to keep their hands and feet warm. If you work in a low temperature environment for a long time, you can wear gloves, cotton shoes and socks to maintain the temperature of your hands and feetDo not wear tight shoes and socks to ensure that the sweat secretion of the feet is normalChange the insoles and cotton socks in time after the feet are sweaty to keep the foot environment comfortable and dryIf you accidentally get stuck in snow during the march, pour the snow out of your shoes in the leeward part of the roadWhen blisters appear in the chilblain area, do not pick up the blisters, so as not to cause ulceration and infection.
Regulate your mood. State is closely related to mood. If you are in a bad mood for a long time, such as nervousness, anger, depression, anxiety, etc., it will affect your metabolism and reduce your immune function, which will lead to diseases. It is recommended that comrades-in-arms maintain a good attitude at ordinary times and actively adjust when bad emotions appear.
Drugs**. If there is a crack, it should be timely to prevent the crack from deepening. If the degree of chapping is mild, you can soak the chapped area with warm water every day, and then apply a greasy ointment. In addition, moisturizer can be applied to the affected area, and then the tear can be wrapped with plastic wrap, medical tape, etc. If the degree of chapping is moderate, you can first paste the chapped part with healing cream or rubber paste to increase the water content of the affected area, so as to achieve the purpose of softening and relieving the chapping. Urea ointment or salicylic acid ointment can also be applied topically to soften, loosen, and exfoliate the thick stratum corneum. If the chapping is deep, but there is no bleeding or infection, you can soak it in 20 25 warm water**, then use a dead skin tool to remove the thicker, harder cuticle, and then apply 10 urea ointment to the affected area. At the same time, every night before going to bed, use **new liquid wet compress** to the chapped area, and bandage it with gauze. If the degree of chapping is obvious and the itching of the affected area is unbearable, topical hydrocortisone ointment can be used. When chapped symptoms improve, use should be discontinued. If there is redness, swelling and pus in the chapped area, it means that the affected area has been infected, and anti-inflammatory ointments such as Baiduobang can be applied topically, and medical attention should be seen in time.
Develop good habits. Eat a balanced diet. Vitamin A has the effect of reducing keratinization and preventing chapping. If you are deficient in vitamin A, you are prone to dryness and abnormal keratin metabolism. Therefore, it is recommended that everyone eat a balanced diet and eat more foods rich in vitamin A, such as carrots, milk, green leafy vegetables, etc. Drink plenty of water. It is recommended to drink no less than 2000ml of water per day. In low temperature conditions, even if you don't feel thirsty, you should properly hydrate to maintain ** moisture and elasticity. Avoid tobacco and alcohol. Cigarettes contain toxic and harmful substances such as carbon monoxide, nicotine and tar, which can cause damageExcessive intake of alcohol will stimulate, affect metabolism, and weaken the protective function. Move your hands and feet. If you spend a lot of time outdoors in the cold, you can move your hands and feet. In addition, there are many acupuncture points in the hands and feet, which can be properly massaged when resting to promote blood circulation and enhance the ability to withstand cold. Have a regular schedule. From 11 p.m. to 2 a.m., it is the active time for cell shedding and regeneration. Ensuring adequate sleep time and avoiding overexertion can help strengthen the barrier and maintain health.
Published on December 24, the 7th edition of the "People's Liberation Army Daily" was written by Sun Xingwei, a reporter from the People's Liberation Army Daily.
*丨People's Liberation Army Daily, Learning Corps (ID: xuexijuntuan).
Producer丨Ou Can, Hou Dawei, Editor丨Liu Jianwei, Yan Shan, Qian Zongyang, Editor丨Feng Zhexin.