The Battle of Yiting was divided into three phases, from July of the first year of Zhang Wu to February of the second year, and the offensive stage of Shu;From March to June, Wu and Shu held each other;Leap June to August is the Wu ** stage.
The first stage: the Shu offensive stage.
At this stage, Shu marched along the Yangtze River and the waterway on the north bank of the Yangtze River, and Wu retreated all the way, until February, when Shu occupied the Yiling region, at this time Liu Bei returned to the front from Chengdu to discuss the next march. Liu Bei's plan should have been to go down the waterway at first, but at this time, Lu Xun insisted on Xisai, and the Shu navy was repeatedly defeated by Wu, so it was naturally impossible to go straight down the waterway. If you go from Yiling Road in the north, from Yiling to Dangyang and Jiangling, you have to face the threat of Wu and Wei from both sides, if the Wei army goes south from Linfu and cuts off Liu Bei's way back, Liu Bei's reputation will be ruined, even if the Wei army is watching from the wall, if Wu's naval army storms Yiling and Xiakou, Liu Bei will be captured.
In this regard, Liu Bei chose the southern road to break through. The advantages of the South Road Breakthrough are:1Ready-made road, from Zigui to cross the south of the Yangtze River to take the mountain road, in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there was a corresponding road, at that time it was opened up for the sale of well salt, although it is difficult to walk, but it is not impossible to walk;2.Safety, if you have watched the battle of Hanzhong in Ouchi Yixing, you should have a certain sense of familiarity with Liu Bei's choice, as long as you ensure that Yiling and the gorge are not lost, Liu Bei's grain route and retreat are absolutely safe.
Therefore, in February of the second year of Jianwu, Liu Bei's relevant deployment was that the middle route of the naval army was on standby, the northern route was led by Huang Quan, the northern defense of Wei, and the eastern defense of Wu, and he led the main force to take the salt road of the south road and copy the back road of the Wu army.
2.The second stage: the Wushu confrontation stage.
At this time, Liu Bei led the troops to Ma'anshan in the east of Yidao, through the hilly area in front of Yidao is Yidao City, and the rear of Yidao City is Yidu where Lu Xun's main force is stationed (Yidu is newly built by Zhang Fei, and Lu Xun expands after Lu Xun, also called Lucheng), Liu Bei's purpose is to capture Yidao and enter the Yidu Plain, the north can force the Wu Navy to give up Xisai, and the south can enter the four counties of Jingnan when Liu Bei first occupied Jingzhouć
In the face of Liu Bei's attack, what did Lu Xun think?As a descendant of our understanding of the battle, we will mistakenly think that everything is in Lu Xun's control, in fact, this is impossible, at this time Lu Xun faced the three-way army, it is impossible to judge which way Liu Bei intends to break through, if Lu Xun easily leads the troops westward, and Liu Bei confronts Yidao, and the middle of the Shu army is the main direction of attack, the Wu army does not have the certainty of victory. At this time, Lu Xun was waiting, judging whether Liu Bei's main attack direction was **!
3.The third stage: Wu Jun** stage.
In June of the second year, Liu Bei led his troops to advance to Yidao, and the main force was stationed in Yiting, after months of fighting, Lu Xun basically judged that the south road was Liu Bei's main force, and the north and middle roads were only partial troops. Lu Xun began to gather the military strength of the various departments in Jingzhou, and only a small number of troops were left in the middle and north roads to confront Huang Quan, and the large army gathered in the Yidu area and began to prepare**.
Lu Xun's counterattack was divided into two ways:
All the way out from the west of Yidao, set fire to the Shu army in Yiling. The various departments of the Shu army were chaotic, Liu Bei went west to Ma'anshan to gather troops, at this time the Shu army suffered less losses, and Liu Bei gathered tens of thousands of Shu troops to prepare **. However, Lu Xun's killer weapon is not the land route, but the water army.
On the other hand, the Wu State Navy went up along the Yishui River to cut off the retreat of the Shu army, and it was easy to judge the power of this move from the map. As soon as Liu Bei saw that the back road was cut off, he abandoned the army and fled directly north, crossing the river from Zigui and fleeing north along the river to the White Emperor. The Shu army that stayed on the South Road was leaderless and was almost wiped out by the Wu army.
In addition, the other way of Wu's naval army was to go up the Yangtze River, successfully capture Yidao and Zigui, and chase to Wuxian, which also killed countless enemies along the way. The Huang Quan army in Jiangbei was cut off from the back road and had no choice but to surrender to Wei.
In the battle of Yaoting, Liu Bei and Lu Xun met opponents in chess, and they were strategically remarkable. It's a pity that Fa Zheng died before that, and Liu Bei's shortcomings in tactics were undoubtedly revealed, but he just blindly pushed it, and was finally seized by Lu Xun and decided in a battle.
There are many questions about the Battle of Yaoting, including the timing of the battle, the arrangement of combat personnel, and the comparison of the strength of the two armies of Wu and Shu, so we can only speculate on the overall process of the battle, but we cannot give the details of the battle, which has to be said to be a pity.
4.Strategic and tactical advice given by later generations.
a.Assault on the northern route.
Stormed Jiangling from Yiling Road, sent troops along the way to defend the safety of the rear road, forced Lu Xun of Yidu to withdraw his troops, and then the Shu navy in the middle took advantage of the situation and met the Shu army on the north road in Jiangling. There are many problems with this route, and those who are interested can think for themselves.
b.South Road stragglers.
This road was Mao's suggestion, believing that Liu Bei should disperse his forces into the four counties of Jingnan after arriving in Jiangnan, disturb the rear of the Wu army, force Lu Xun to divide his troops, and then take the opportunity to eliminate the Wu army's partial division, and finally achieve the goal of occupying Jingzhou.