China is a big agricultural country and is moving towards becoming an agricultural power. With the rapid development of technology, digital technology has penetrated into various industries, and agriculture is no exception. Agricultural digitalization, also known as agricultural informatization, refers to the application of information technology in agricultural production, operation, management and services to improve the efficiency and quality of agricultural production. At present, the digitalization of agriculture has received extensive attention and application around the world.
The development of the agricultural digital economy has promoted the spread of digital technology in rural areas, improved the overall quality and vocational skills of farmers, and cultivated more new professional farmers who understand technology, are good at management and management. Empowering the development of rural industries with digitalization is of great significance for accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and building a modern industrial system.
At present, the overall scale of China's new professional farmers has exceeded 15 million people, driven by the "Internet +", the scale of new professional farmers continues to expand, a large number of understanding technology, good management, management of "new farmers" continue to emerge, the overall quality and vocational skills of farmers continue to improve, "who will farm the land" and "how to plant the land" problems will be effectively solved.
Digital transformation has become an important direction for the development of the agricultural industry. Digital transformation can help the agricultural industry improve production efficiency, reduce costs, and improve product quality, bringing more opportunities and challenges to the agricultural industry.
The development status of the agricultural digital industry
At present, the digitalization rate of agriculture in China is much lower than that of the secondary and tertiary industries. In 2016, the penetration rate of China's agricultural digital penetration industry reached 62%;In 2022, the digital penetration rate of China's agriculture will be 105%, an increase of 04 percentage points. The digital transformation of agriculture is still relatively lagging behind, and there is a lot of room for improvement. With the improvement of the level of agricultural digitalization, advanced technologies such as robots, Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence have been continuously applied to all aspects of agricultural production and operation, and the demand for agricultural digitalization will continue to rise in the future.
Improve the overall efficiency of the agricultural innovation system. The progress of digital transformation of agriculture is highly dependent on basic research and key core technologies such as information technology, biotechnology, and equipment technology. Only by improving the overall efficiency of the agricultural science and technology innovation system can the digital transformation of agriculture and rural development drive the quality, efficiency and power of agricultural and rural development.
Leading enterprises have advantages in industry, technology, and scenarios, and play a major role in the process of digital transformation of agriculture. The digital transformation process of agriculture of leading enterprises is directly related to the extension and expansion of the upstream and downstream digitalization process of the agricultural industry chain, and the quality and effectiveness. Doing a good job in the digital transformation of agriculture of leading enterprises, so as to drive the technological progress and production efficiency of the whole industry, can provide important support for accelerating the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries and promoting the upgrading of the whole chain of rural industries.
From the perspective of digital agriculture, the all-round, full-angle and full-chain digital transformation of traditional agriculture will further strengthen the integration of Internet big data, artificial intelligence and agriculture, accelerate the extension from consumption to production and processing, and open up a new situation in the construction of smart agriculture.
From the perspective of digital rural areas, the network infrastructure will be significantly strengthened, and the gap between urban and rural Internet penetration rates will be significantly narrowed. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued implementation opinions on the implementation of the key work deployment of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization in 2023, and vigorously developed smart agriculture and digital villages. Accelerate the construction of the National Agricultural Remote Sensing Application and Research Center, and build a big data platform for the application of agriculture and rural areas.
According to the "Research on the Development Strategy of Smart Agriculture for 2035", by 2025, China's agricultural digital transformation will make important progress. The level of digitalization in cropping, animal husbandry, and fishery, as well as the Internet penetration rate in rural areas, have gradually increased. Specifically, it is expected that the digitalization level of field, facilities, livestock and poultry, and aquatic production will reach % respectively, the cold chain circulation rate of fresh agricultural products will exceed 40%, the proportion of agricultural products that achieve quality and safety traceability will exceed 25%, the proportion of agricultural digital economy in the GDP of the primary industry will exceed 15%, and the coverage rate of e-commerce sites in administrative villages will not be less than 85%.
In recent years, there have been many layouts of major Internet companies in the middle and upper reaches. For example, in the middle of the industrial chain, JD.com has deployed more than 1,500 warehouses with a total storage area of about 30 million square meters"Thousands of counties and towns are available 24 hours"Timeliness Improvement Plan; Pinduoduo platform has built cold storage, fresh cold chain logistics system and other facilities across the country, and established a first-class chain system suitable for fresh agricultural products; Ali has built production warehouses in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Shandong and other places, and has built sales warehouses in many provincial capitals.
Nowadays, including JD.com, Pinduoduo, Alibaba, Tencent and other Internet giants are accelerating the layout of the digital agriculture sector, integrating digital technology into planting, agricultural product processing, agricultural product sales and other links, but due to the current characteristics of China's agriculture with backward industries, information asymmetry, scattered arable land, and small scale, the penetration rate of agricultural digitalization is low, which is a difficult and long revolution, and the transformation has just begun.
Development prospects of agricultural digitalization industry
The application of technology is more in-depth. With the continuous development of technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence, agricultural digitalization will be more deeply applied to agricultural production, operation, management, and services. For example, through the application of intelligent equipment, the automation and intelligence of agricultural production links such as precision seeding, fertilization, and irrigation can be realized; Through big data technology, data analysis and mining can be carried out on the whole process of agricultural production, providing a more scientific and accurate decision-making basis for agricultural production.
The service model is more innovative. The digitalization of agriculture will promote innovation in service models. For example, through online channels such as Internet platforms and mobile applications, new service models such as customized services for agricultural products, e-commerce services for agricultural products, and agricultural technical consulting services can be provided. These service models will better meet the needs of consumers and improve the efficiency of agricultural production.
Industrial integration is closer. The digitalization of agriculture will promote the integrated development of agriculture and other industries. For example, the integration of agriculture and tourism can develop new forms of business such as rural tourism and leisure agriculture; The integration of agriculture and e-commerce industry can promote the development of e-commerce of agricultural products; The integration of agriculture and cultural industries can develop new forms of business such as cultural and creative agriculture. These integrated developments will further expand the space for agricultural development and improve farmers' incomes.
The trend towards internationalization is even more pronounced. As globalization accelerates, the digitalization of agriculture will become more international. Countries will strengthen cooperation and exchanges in the field of agricultural digitalization, and jointly promote technological innovation and service model innovation in agricultural digitalization. At the same time, with the deepening of the "Belt and Road" initiative, China's agricultural digital enterprises will have more opportunities to participate in international market competition and cooperation.
Networked agricultural operations. The popularization and development of the Internet has provided strong support for the networking of agricultural operations. Through e-commerce platforms, farmers can sell their agricultural products directly to consumers, reducing intermediaries and increasing profits. At the same time, networked operation can also help farmers understand market demand and information, and better grasp business opportunities. In addition, the networking of agricultural operations has also given birth to a number of agricultural e-commerce enterprises, which has provided impetus for the upgrading of the agricultural industry chain.