There were many talents in the Three Kingdoms era, and there were also many stupid talents.
Except for Lu Bu and Yuan Shu, it is Gongsun Zhan's turn. These three people are not without a skill, but lack vision, lack of cultivation, ambition but no ambition.
Gongsun Chan grew up in Youzhou. Youzhou included the central and northern parts of present-day Hebei Province and the southern and central parts of Liaoning Province. Many of the local Han people are generous and sad people, bold and martial and righteous; There are also many people who are accustomed to living with ethnic minorities and have learned the riding and archery of the Xiongnu and Xianbei and Wuhuan.
Gongsun Zhan himself is also a "family background of 2,000 stones", the son of a high-ranking official, a young man, tall, loud, good riding, accurate shooting, although because of his mother's humble background, and can only serve as a "scrivener" in the Taishou Yamen of Liaoxi County, that is, the scribe and the like, but soon won the appreciation of someone in Taishou Hou, became Hou Taishou's son-in-law, and was sent by Hou Taishou to the south of Luoyang in Wushi County, from the then great Confucian Mr. Lu Zhi to study.
He was with Mr. Lu and made a classmate with the surname Liu Mingbei.
He did not read through the book, and soon returned to his hometown Lingzhi County (west of Qian'an, Hebei), and then transferred to Yangle (west of Funing County), the first county of Liaoxi County, and became a "senior accountant official" under the new Taishou Liu Ji, equivalent to the director of the accounting office and the director of the statistics office. He has no literati temperament at all, and he does these things with what he is not good at, but he doesn't behave too badly.
Liu Taishou ate the lawsuit and was locked up in a car and escorted to Luoyang, and Gongsun Zhan disguised himself as a servant and followed the waiter all the way. Liu Taishou was sentenced to exile in Rinan County, and Gongsun Chan also made up his mind to accompany him to this place where the miasma was rumored. Fortunately, halfway through the two, Liu Taishou met a pardon. Gongsun Zan then returned to Lingzhi County in Liaoxi County.
The fathers and magistrates in his hometown named him "filial piety". This is the right path for the officialdom of the two Han Dynasty. He was summoned by the Son of Heaven by filial piety, retained as "Lang", and then released as a magistrate by "Lang", and finally transferred from a magistrate to a ** official.
After the expiration of Gongsun Zhan's period as "Lang", he was assigned as the "History of the Governor of Liaodong" in Youzhou. Changshi means secretary general, civil official, but here it is a military attaché, equivalent to the governor of a county. The so-called Liaodong vassal states are a number of vassal states scattered around Liaodong County, that is, large and small Xiongnu and Xianbei tribes. Gongsun Zhan's duty was to monitor these tribes and prevent them from rebelling against the Han Dynasty.
Gongsun Chan liked to ride white horses, and he told his guards to ride white horses. Therefore, people gave him a nickname: Hakuba Changshi.
Some judges are jealous and hateful. Gongsun Chan is jealous and hateful. Every time he received news of a rebellion from a tribe, he would be furious, gather his troops and horses, and immediately rush to the tribe to fight, as if he had a deep grudge against this tribe. When it came time to fight, needless to say, he was not polite, but tried to fight as hard as he could, and killed as much as he could. The Hu people everywhere were indeed very afraid of him.
His prefect, Youzhou Mu Liu Yu, has another way to deal with the Hu people. Liu Yu opposed killing, and what he practiced was a policy of softness. Hu Ren felt his kindness, and those who had rebelled retreated; If there is no rebellion, no longer want to rebel. The word Hu includes a lot of people of different races. Strictly speaking, Hu can only refer to the Xiongnu, and the Xiongnu are a Turkic race (because the Turks and most of today's Turks are of Xiongnu descendants).
During the Western Han Dynasty, there was the so-called Donghu in the east of the Xiongnu, whose bloodline and language were different from those of the Xiongnu, and were called "Donghu species" or "Tungusic species" by anthropologists.
As far as Youzhou in the late Eastern Han Dynasty is concerned, Wuhuan is the most powerful of all kinds of Hu people. The word Wuhuan is sometimes written as Karasuma. The imperial court of the Eastern Han Dynasty set up a special "Wuhuan school captain" to protect the Wuhuan tribe. The so-called protection means "preservation" to prevent them from losing their lives and livestock as a result of rebellion.
The last "Captain of Wuhuan Guard" in the Eastern Han Dynasty, whose surname is Ji and his name is Chou, some people say that he is not surnamed Ji but Qi. Not only did he not protect Wuhuan, but he also couldn't protect himself, and was killed by two Han people surnamed Zhang.
These two surnamed Zhang, one is named Zhang Chun, who once served as the minister of Zhongshan; One is named Zhang Ju, who once served as the Taishou of Taishan County. Zhang Chun's view of the future of the Han dynasty is much the same as that of the other three surnamed Zhang (Zhang Jiao, Zhang Bao, and Zhang Liang): the Han dynasty is exhausted, and a new dynasty is about to be born. Zhang Chun then said that he moved Zhang Ju, recommended Zhang Ju as the Son of Heaven, and called himself "King An Han, the general of Mitian".
This Son of Heaven and General Zhang, thinking that they had grasped the trend of the times, rebelled in the fourth year of Emperor Ling's reign, undertook the historical tasks they gave them, and practiced absurd opportunism. They ** Qiu Liju, a leader of Wuhuan, shouted at a lot of Han and Hu people, killed the captain of Wuhuan Ji Chou, and Liu Zheng, the Taishou of Beiping County, and the Taishou Yang of Liaodong, and ransacked many cities, towns, and villages in the four prefectures of Qing, Xu, You, and Hebei with the tactics of Liukou.
The following year, in the fifth year of Zhongping, under the command of Youzhou Mu Liu Yu, Gongsun Zan broke Zhang Chun, Zhang Ju, and Qiu Liju (west of Jixian County, Hebei) Shimen.
After Gongsun Zhan won the battle at Shimen, he pursued the mixed Hanhu troops of Zhang Chun and others until Guanzicheng.
He and his pursuers encountered an ambush in Guanzi City, and were surrounded by the enemy for more than a hundred days. When the grain is eaten, the horses are eaten; The horses are also eaten, and the saddles, shields, leather boots, and so on are boiled. Fortunately, the enemy also ran out of food and had to retreat to their base of Liucheng; Otherwise, Gongsun Chan and his remnants will not all starve to death, but they will also freeze to death.
At this time, Gongsun Zhan's official position was to ride the captain. He had already made the county order of Zhuo County. After the great achievement of the Battle of Shimen, he was promoted to Zhonglang General in the Lingdi Imperial Court in Luoyang and was named "Duting Marquis".
In the sixth year of Zhongping, in March, there was a man surnamed Wang Mingzheng, who killed Zhang Chun when Zhang Chun was not prepared for him, cut off Zhang Chun's head, and gave it to Youzhou Mu Liu Yu to receive the reward. Liu Yu, an official of the imperial court, was the great Sima, and Sun Zan was named the Marquis of Ji, worshipping the "General Fenwu".
Gongsun Chan has become a well-known general in the world, and he hopes to become an important town to put things right, if he knows how to cooperate with Liu Yu all the time, and obey this politically experienced and distant governor. But he refused to do so.
He fought a not too big victory, so he thought he was very remarkable, and no longer looked at Liu Yu in his eyes, but opposed Liu Yu everywhere. Liu Yu sent people to send things and reward some loyal tribes, but Gongsun Zhan wanted to intercept, rob, and sabotage Liu Yu's Huairou policy.
Liu Yu had a son, Liu He, who served as a servant in the Chang'an court and got along well with Emperor Xian. Emperor Xian asked Liu He in private, fled Chang'an, went to Youzhou, and asked Liu Yu to bring troops to welcome him (Emperor Xian) back to Luoyang.
Liu He was ordered to flee from Chang'an, run out of Wuguan, and go to Nanyang first, he wanted to go east from Nanyang, to Yingchuan County and then to the northeast, through Yanzhou, Qingzhou, Jizhou, to see his father Liu Yu; Unexpectedly, Yuan Shu thought that strange goods were habitable, and left Liu He in a soft and hard way, he asked Liu He to write a letter to Liu Yu and send the soldiers to Nanyang, and Yuan Shu also led the troops with him. Yuan Shu wanted to share the merit with Liu Yu, and even wanted to compete for Liu Yu's merit.
Gongsun Chan advised Liu Yu not to send troops, but Liu Yu did not listen and sent thousands of people. Gongsun Zhan secretly wrote to Yuan Shu, suggesting that Yuan Shu detain Liu He and eat Liu Yu's soldiers.
On the surface, he pretended to act in concert with Liu Yu, and also sent more than 1,000 people to his cousin Gongsun Yue to take with him.
As a result, Yuan Shu ate the soldiers sent to Nanyang by Liu Yu, and also locked up Liu He according to Gongsun Zhan's suggestion. This Liu He, quite capable, actually escaped from Yuan Shu, fled to Youzhou, and reported everything to his father Liu Yu. As a result, Liu Yu hated Gongsun Zhan to the bone marrow.
Gongsun Chan not only became enemies with Liu Yu, but also with Yuan Shao. The reason is that his cousin Gongsun Yue was ordered by Yuan Shu to help Sun Jian and fight Zhou Ang, the "Yuzhou Thorn History" sent by Yuan Shao, and was killed by an arrow during the fight.
Yuan Shaoming knew that Sun Jian was already the assassin of Yuzhou, and he sent a certain Zhou Ang to take advantage of Sun Jian to fight Dong Zhuo on the front line in Luoyang and occupy a certain part of Yuzhou. This is admittedly Yuan Shao's mistake.
Gongsun Yue's "task" was originally to go to Chang'an to welcome Emperor Xian. Yuan Shu did not practice his words to participate in the Yingjia, but ate Liu Yu's soldiers, and used Gongsun Yue and his troops in the small war against Zhou Ang, so that Gongsun Yue was killed, which was not right for Yuan Shu.
As far as the death of Gongsun Yue is concerned, Gongsun Chan should hate Yuan Shu first, and then hate Yuan Shao.
A warlord is a warlord, and he doesn't know what a calm analysis is.
He marched into the Panhe River (in Deping County, Shandong). At the same time, he sent a letter to the imperial court and counted Yuan Shao's ten major crimes.
This is in December of the second year of Chuping, and Dong Zhuo has not died. In his discussion of Yuan Shaoshu, although Gongsun Zhan did not understand that he was on Dong Zhuo's side, the words that blamed Dong Zhuo were just words "causing chaos" and "rude".
In addition to avenging his cousin Gongsun Yue, another reason, which is the real reason, is to expand his territory.
A month earlier, in November of the second year of the First Peace Era, Gongsun Chan had defeated the Yellow Turbans of Qingzhou in Dongguang County (in the southeast of Hebei Province), killing 30,000 and surrendering 70,000.
From Dongguang to further on, is Yuan Shao's territory. At this time, Yuan Shao was nominally the pastor of Jizhou and the Taishou of Bohai County, and his strength had long been extended to Qingzhou. Gongsun Chan wanted to fight Yuan Shao, but Yuan Shao still didn't want to fight him. Gongsun Chan has a younger brother, Gongsun Fan, who is by Yuan Shao's side. Yuan Shao hoped to use Gongsun Fan as a bridge to maintain friendly relations with Gongsun Zhan, so he ceded his official position as the Taishou of Bohai County to Gongsun Fan (Bohai County is in the area of present-day Cangzhou).
Who knows, this Gongsun Fan has Bohai, and he does not act as a mediator, but immediately mobilizes all the soldiers to help his brother Gongsun Zan fight Yuan Shao.
The soldiers of Gongsun Zan and Yuan Shao fought a decisive battle at the boundary bridge (north of Wei County, Hebei) in the first month of the third year of Chuping, Yuan Shao formed a phalanx with 30,000 infantry, and 10,000 cavalry were distributed on both wings, with 800 elite soldiers and 1,000 strong crossbows, as the vanguard of the challenge. Gongsun Zhan didn't know how to deal with such a formation, and was defeated by Yuan Shao and retreated to Jixian County.
Yan Gang, the assassin of Jizhou appointed by Gongsun Zhan, was captured.
Yuan Shao took advantage of the victory and sent people to pursue and chased to Gu'an County (southeast of Yi County). Gongsun Zhan's troops turned around and defended it, but Yuan Shao's troops could not attack it and retreated.
After the retreat of the Yuan army, it was the turn of the Gongsun army to pursue, and pursued to the Juma River (east of Xincheng County), defeated the Yuan army, killed seven or eight thousand men, expanded the results of the battle to the east, and advanced to the plain country (in the northwestern part of Shandong), and continued to occupy most of Qingzhou.
Gongsun Chan then sent a person surnamed Tian Mingkai to make the history of Qingzhou Thorn.
In this battle, Liu Bei made some contributions to Gongsun Zhan. Gongsun Zhan appointed him as the county magistrate of Pingyuan County, and later promoted to the minister of Pingyuan (after Emperor Jing in the Han Dynasty, there were kings and marquis, but the princes had no right to rule their "country", and everything was run by the so-called "Xiang". "Xiang" is the prime minister of the country, which is different from the prime minister of the Western Han Dynasty and the Situ of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Liu Bei's official name at that time was the three words "Pingyuan Xiang").
Yuan Shao was unwilling to lose his Qingzhou, so he used all his strength to fight Gongsun Zhan to the death, and he fought for a long time.
In the second year of Xingping, Yuan Shao won a decisive victory in Baoqiu (south of Tongxian County, Hebei) and killed 20,000 soldiers of Gongsun Zhan. Gongsun Zhan retreated to Yijing (northwest of Xiongxian).
The reason why Gongsun Chan was defeated was, to put it simply, that he occupied too much territory, and the talents and troops were not enough to be distributed; The second is not only the appointment of the so-called Jizhou Thorn History and Qingzhou Thorn History, but also the so-called Yanzhou Thorn History: there are too many enemies; The third is that in the first year of Xingping, in order to rescue Tao Qian, who was attacked by Cao Cao, Liu Bei broke away from the group of Gongsun Zhan and Tian Kai and others, and went to Xuzhou, and Zhao Yun also returned to Zhending County, Changshan County under the pretext of his brother's funeral; Fourth, he fell out with Youzhou Mu Liu Yu, killed Liu Yu, and formed an enmity with Liu Yu's son Liu He and many of Liu Yu's subordinates.
He killed Liu Yu the year before Liu Bei left Qingzhou, that is, in the fourth year of Chuping. In October, the Chang'an court sent an envoy Duan Xun to Youzhou, added Liu Yu's officials, and promoted him to the ranks. Liu Yu was added to the official "supervising the affairs of six states"; He was promoted to "former general", and the title was changed from Marquis Ji to "Marquis Yi".
He coerced Duan Xun to cooperate with him and forged the emperor's edict, saying that Liu Yu and Yuan Shao conspired to usurp the throne and behead Liu Yu.
In advance, Liu Yu had a battle with Gongsun Zhan before Duan Xun arrived, was defeated, and was captured. Gongsun Zhan waited for Duan Xun to come before killing Liu Yu, because Liu Yu was originally his commander, and it was not good to carry the name of a killer.
The fact that he killed the chief, he couldn't hide it. Liu Yu's subordinates publicly elected Yan Rou as the leader, called on the Han and Hu people, and gathered tens of thousands of soldiers and horses to cooperate with Liu He's forces. Yuan Shao also sent the general Lu Yi to lead tens of thousands of soldiers to participate in the coalition army that fought against Gongsun Zhan, and in one fell swoop killed Gongsun Zhan's Yuyang County Taishou Zou Dan (Yuyang County, the first county of Yuyang County, in the southwest of Miyun, Hebei).
Outside of Yuyang County, Dai County, Guangyang County, Shanggu County, Youbeiping County, all the common people in various places revolted, killed the officials appointed by Gongsun Zhan, and responded to the coalition army led by Liu He, Yan Rou and Lu Yi (the county of Dai County was in Gaoliu, in the northwest of Yanggao, Shanxi; The county seat of Guangyang County is in Jixian County, and the former city of Jixian County is southwest of Beijing; The county of Shanggu County is in Fuyang, south of Huailai, Hebei; Right Beiping County is governed in Tuyin, east of Fengrun, Hebei).
Gongsun Zhan's countermeasure was to adopt an "absolute defensive position". He made Yi Jing very strong, and there were moats beyond the city walls; In addition to the moats, there are moats; Legend has it that this Yijing has dozens of moats. The city wall itself is six or seven zhang high; Gongsun Chan and his wife and concubines lived in a higher building, ten feet long, without stairs, and the official documents were tied with ropes, and he ordered specially trained women who could shout loudly, and he saved a great deal of food in the city.
Despite this, this Yi Jing was finally broken in March of the fourth year of Jian'an, and Gongsun Zhan set fire to **, but he didn't have time to die and was cut down. Yuan Shu died three months before him, and Lu Bu died three months behind him.