During the 10 years of fierce battles in the "Lao Son Wheel Battle", our army and the Vietnamese army launched a fierce battle for position on the border line. In this kind of close-to-face fighting environment, our army's front-line tactics usually choose infiltration operations.
And in order to be able to project a large amount of bullets in a short period of time, and to be able to destroy the enemy silently, the ** in the hands of the fighters needs to have specific needs.
In the counterattack against Vietnam, the outstanding performance of our soldiers made the Type 56 gun clan on the front line of equipment seem inadequate. However, my workers have long foreseen this, and they actively promoted the research and development of new individual automatics, and soon developed the 79 type 762 mm light (whispered) submachine gun.
This submachine gun has excellent performance in technical and tactical indicators such as firearm structure design, rate of fire, accuracy, and lethality, and is known as the "MP5 of the East".
Although 79 formula 7The design of the 62-mm light (muted) submachine gun was ahead of its time, but because of its technical problems, front-line fighters did not like to use it. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of soldiers, the Type 85 submachine gun came into being.
When the fighters on the Laoshan front found that due to difficult maintenance and easy breakage of the firing pin (unstable production quality), the Type 79 submachine gun with an amazing rate of fire but only a 20-round magazine could not meet the operational needs of the front line, our country decided to develop a new submachine gun that could meet the needs of the front line.
This important task was deliberated and handed over to the then 208 Institute and 9616 Factory for research and development.
Due to the army's higher requirements for the reliability of the new gun and the desire to optimize the production process, the 208 Institute and the 9616 plant chose a more conservative technical route when designing the Type 85 submachine gun.
As a result, this submachine gun, designed in the 80s, has a unique style similar to that of the 40s World War II**. This is not the fault of the designers, because the complex structure, unstable production quality, and mismatch between the rate of fire and the magazine capacity in the Type 79 light submachine gun have caused many gunsmiths to suffer setbacks in the innovation of design ideas.
Therefore, when designing the Type 85 submachine gun, the designers paid more attention to its stability and reliability, and did not excessively pursue novel designs.
In the process of developing the Type 85 light punch, the designers focused on simplifying the firearm mechanism, optimizing the production process and improving serviceability. In the end, the designers and staff of the 208 Institute and the 9616 plant agreed that in order to achieve these goals, it was necessary to reduce the rate of fire to 800 rounds per minute and to increase the 79 Type 7The 62-mm light submachine gun had a straight magazine of 20 rounds instead of a curved magazine of 30 rounds.
By optimizing the structure of the firearm and the production process, it was possible to ensure the 8,000-round shooting mission and reduce the weight of the firearm without affecting the full size of the gun.
After a series of demanding constraints and a long research and development process, the Type 85 light punch was finally developed in the mid-80s of the 20th century. During the design process, the designers studied a variety of air-guided and freeform bolts, and conducted numerous combined tests to confirm that the freebolt barrel receiver solution was the most reliable.
Therefore, based on the results of the deliberations of experts, the program was identified as a basis for continued research and development. In the embodiment, most of the parts of the whole gun adopt stamping and welding processes, which not only ensures the quality of the production structure and process, but also greatly reduces the production cost.
Although the appearance of the 85 light punch sample gun is simple and crude, and many structural parts such as reentry springs are exposed, in the actual shooting test, it successfully fired **10,045 rounds, far exceeding the design index of 8,000 rounds.
This outstanding performance won high praise from all the testers present, which led to the advanced improvement of the gun. The focus of the improvements was on the design of the stock and pull handle to avoid ergonomic problems with the Type 79 submachine gun.
The Type 79 light submachine gun was officially finalized in late December 1985 and was named the Type 1985 light (submachine) submachine gun, and its empty gun mass was the same as that of the Type 79, both of which were 19 kg, but it was somewhat reduced in size, and the length of the full gun when unfolded was only 628 mm, which was smaller than the Type 79 740 mm, which made the Type 85 submachine gun more flexible when fighting on the front line.
Although the barrel length of the 85 Light Punch is only 210 mm, its 210 mm barrel is also able to ensure sufficient accuracy and lethality when using Type 51 and Type 64 rounds.
In addition, the gun has a maximum rate of fire of up to 780 rounds per minute, while being equipped with a curved magazine of 30 rounds, which allows it to effectively use heavy fire to suppress the enemy at close range, and to perform excellent results even in battles at 200 meters.
In order to better meet the needs of the battlefield environment, the Type 85 submachine gun adopts an integrated silencer kit, which not only makes the transition from peacetime to war easier and faster, but also easier to use by soldiers, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the submachine gun.
The Type 85 light (muted) submachine gun was adopted with the Type 64 7The 62mm whispered pistol bullet can shoot at a distance of up to 10 meters, and only the light of the fire can be seen after the shot, which reduces the interference of sound and smoke.
This submachine gun is simple and compact, light and easy to handle, fierce firepower, easy to carry closely, and is deeply loved by front-line scout soldiers. In the battle, the Type 85 submachine gun, with its advantage of having a reaction speed superior to that of the Vietnamese AK-74U, successfully launched a close-range penetration operation and carried out the capture mission, causing a sensation among the troops.
Although the Type 85 light (silent) submachine gun had a simple appearance, some fighters felt that its function was too simple. In the case of single shots, due to factors such as excessive impulse, there may be an embarrassing situation in which the blocking iron cannot be hung up, resulting in fully automatic shooting.
In addition, the re-entry spring is exposed to the outside and requires the user to pay attention to cleaning and maintenance to avoid the problem of excessive dirt accumulation in the casing.
The Type 85 submachine gun was interrupted by the arrival of peace during the large-scale assembly, and the re-entry spring was exposed, and the two sides were eliminated before they could argue about the result. Although it was produced together with the Type 79 for more than ten years, it was eventually eliminated by the times due to its many shortcomings.
Although the Type 85 light submachine gun was superior to the Type 79 submachine gun in terms of man-machine efficacy, it was due to its use of the Type 51 Type 7The 62mm pistol bullet has a large recoil when fired continuously, resulting in a decrease in maneuverability, and the installation of recoilless devices such as muzzle compensation was not considered at the beginning of the design, so except for some skilled shooters, the accuracy of this ** in burst fire will be reduced.
Although the Type 85 submachine gun has a unique shape and uses a curved magazine, in actual use, due to the inclined arrangement of the magazine shaft and the falcon, the loading process is relatively difficult, which may affect the soldiers' ability to continue fighting.
In addition, after simplifying the production process, the level of processing of metal parts has decreased, and many Type 85 submachine guns are prone to problems such as rust and material deformation, and excessive disassembly and assembly can also lead to tolerance problems between parts, which can affect their performance.
These problems are related to the lack of material technology in metal processing in China at that time.
Stills from the film reveal a common problem, which is the safety of the Liberty Bolt submachine gun and the simplicity of the insurance mechanism. The Type 85 submachine gun was nicknamed "the masterpiece of the pipe man" by the soldiers because of its appearance like a water pipe, which is similar to the evaluation of the Stern submachine gun during World War II.
In fact, the problem of the design principle of firearms such as free-to-open standby inertial fire is similar, and most firearms will face the problem of insufficient insurance and unreliable safety without deliberately strengthening the performance of the safety mechanism.
The recoiling springs are similar in appearance to the Type 85 submachine guns mentioned above, but they have an awkward situation in common, that is, the single-shot becomes automatic. This is because the inertial firing is reset by the elastic potential energy of the spring, while in the disembowel standby state, the reentry spring is in a state of compression and energy storage.
In this case, if there is no specially designed stopper, it is easy to release the bolt prematurely after being shocked or impacted, which is an extremely terrifying situation.
The Stern submachine gun once fired itself due to the failure of the stopper due to the shock in the standby state, and this phenomenon also occurred in the Type 85 submachine gun. Although the Type 85 submachine gun was equipped with a manual safety device, in the actual use process, the fighters often chose not to use it because the safety function would delay the fighter.
The usefulness of this position was really limited, which is why after the end of the war, the Type 85 submachine gun did not re-emerge in the police field like the Type 79 submachine gun.
Compared with the enduring vitality of the Type 79 submachine gun in the field of light **, the Type 85 submachine gun is somewhat inferior. After the production line was discontinued, except for a few police departments still in use, the Type 85 submachine gun was far less well-known in the police field than the Type 79 submachine gun, which was gradually reformed.
This is a classic case of an obvious junior who has difficulty surpassing his predecessors.
Looking back on the development process of China's first-class equipment, we can see that in the research and development process of the Type 85 submachine gun, China has experienced a period of hesitation in the field of military equipment.
Due to the honeymoon period in the West at that time, our country realized the huge gap between itself and the West, so it began a multifaceted project of research and development of military equipment. Some of these projects are the result of radical awakenings, while others are lessons that lead to a dead end.
In either case, it has accumulated valuable development experience for us, so that China's light industry has a scene of a hundred flowers blooming today. Behind these scenes, it is the accumulation of experience in those years of burning passion that is silently playing a role.
Therefore, we should cherish these experiences and continue to promote the development of our country.