On January 23, the temperature in the hinterland of the Taklamakan Desert dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius, but the drilling site of PetroChina's deep Taco 1 well was rumbling and hot. Song Tonglin, drilling supervisor of the Tarim Oilfield Supervision Center, climbed onto the 15-meter-high drill platform, leaned down close to the drill pipe, and carefully checked the bite marks on the drill pipe. The drilling tool rises and falls with the drilling rig, sending the drill pipes into the deep part of the earth.
Strict inspection and control of the first pass
The deep Taco 1 well is a vivid practice of the Tarim Oilfield to implement the spirit of the general secretary's instructions of "marching to the deep part of the earth", shouldering the major mission of scientific exploration and pre-exploration and discovery.
Engineering supervision is an important technical force to ensure the safe drilling of wells. According to the needs of ultra-deep oil and gas production, the Party Committee of the Tarim Oilfield Supervision Center anchors the 10,000-meter "deep project", with the goal of playing fast and well, implements the "unveiling the leader" and "horse racing system", openly recruits resident supervisors, and selects 8 party members and 2 technical backbones to "take command" drilling, geology, and oil testing supervision, play the role of a think tank, and concentrate wisdom to solve the drilling problems of the deep Taco 1 well.
Since the drilling of Well Taco 1 in Shendi on May 30, 2023, the Tarim Oilfield has focused on each key link of deep drilling, compacted safety management responsibilities, and escorted the well to a depth of 10,000 meters step by step.
Supervisors are the "hard core" of safe production. On May 13, 2023, with the entry of the first car of drilling rig accessories, Min Peng, the drilling director, stuck to the well site to check the qualifications of the personnel entering the well and ensure the first pass of personnel safety. At the same time, the construction party's operation capacity access, equipment testing, construction plan, operation permit, safety measures implementation, emergency plan, technical disclosure, etc. are reviewed, so as to promote the construction party to implement the safety of the drilling construction site with the greatest sense of responsibility and mission.
The drilling rig that undertakes the drilling of the deep Taco 1 well is the world's first 120,000-meter ultra-deep well automatic drilling rig. This is a veritable "national heavy weapon" in the field of drilling engineering in China, with a high degree of automation. For the first time, it was "posted" in the Tarim Oilfield, and its "character" and "temper" were unknown. Under the circumstance of tight time and heavy tasks, the personnel of the supervision center were not afraid of difficulties and set up a "party member commando" to fight day and night at the drilling site. Strengthen personnel training, master operation skills, and supervise the team to complete the man-machine run-in and the construction team run-in in a short period of time, and realize the man-machine system.
1. Precise operation. At the same time, it has also established a new type of daily well management requirements and standards, with a high starting point, high standards and strict requirements, to ensure that the personnel are in a state of full vitality and full attendance, and to lay a solid foundation for the safe and smooth drilling of 10,000-meter deep wells.
Frequent "physical examinations" to ensure that the equipment is "healthy".
Equipment is the foundation of safe production. Tarim Oilfield has established an efficient safety management model, formulated supervision plans, implemented them, inspected and supervised, strictly assessed, traced back to problems, rectified and feedback, summarized and improved, and formed a "refined" closed-loop management model.
List management of high-risk operations. The Tarim Oilfield regularly carries out hidden danger investigation and rectification work, focusing on dynamic tracking and "physical examination" of high-load equipment and drilling tools. Clarify the responsible person, rectification time limit, and rectification measures for the hidden dangers identified, and consolidate the responsibility for safety management. Always "look back" at the rectification situation to ensure that the equipment is "healthy" and normal operational.
In the process of starting and lowering the drilling, we carry out 24-hour side station supervision, analyze the stress of the thread connection part of the drilling tool, evaluate the drilling tool, control the quality of the drilling tool entering the well, and ensure the safety of the downhole drilling tool. Song Tonglin said that under the condition of ensuring safety, we should pay close attention to the timeliness to ensure the safe and rapid drilling of the deep Taco 1 well.
Building a 10,000-meter-deep well is not something that can be achieved by simply "beating gongs and drums." The Tarim Oilfield has broken the traditional management model of "professional division and management division", promoted the integration of engineering geology, scientific research and production, and changed the "small detachments" of drilling, geology and engineering into "group armies" to closely cooperate and coordinate operations.
In view of downhole safety, the engineering supervisor often conducts "consultations" on downhole working conditions in conjunction with the Exploration and Development Research Institute, the Oil and Gas Engineering Institute, the Experimental Testing Institute and other units. According to the "consultation" situation, the construction plan is optimized in real time, the engineering parameters are adjusted, and the combination of drilling tools is optimized to ensure that the 10,000-meter deep well is successful, straight and well.
The drill bit is drilled 24 hours a day, and the works supervision does not stop for a moment. The engineering supervisor takes turns to guard the drill floor 24 hours a day to avoid misoperation by operators and various complexities in the downhole, and to guide and solve them in time to ensure the safe drilling of the downhole.
Frequent drills to enhance "combat effectiveness."
Grasping the scene is the key to controlling the well. Jia Yinglin, executive director and secretary of the Party Committee of the Tarim Oilfield Supervision Center, said that the center has normalized the investigation of hidden dangers of well control equipment, adopted a combination of daily inspection and special investigation, regularly carried out inspections of key well control equipment, and regularly carried out special investigations such as antifreeze plugging of well control equipment to ensure the safety of well control equipment.
Since the drilling of Well Deepground Taco 1, with the goal of "reducing overflow, curbing high casing pressure, and eliminating blowouts", the on-site supervision has combined the characteristics of the drilling site and based on the prevention of sudden accident risks, and has carried out regular emergency drills to prevent blowouts out of control, well leakage overflow, personal injury and toxic and harmful gas leakage, so as to improve combat effectiveness from actual combat drills and ensure that the on-site well control risks are controlled.
Casing operation is a high-risk operation. In the deep Taco 1 well, 1,169 drill pipes nearly 10 meters long and more than 2,000 casings 11 meters long were sent into the ground one by one. The sum of the casing weights is more than 2,000 tons, and the difficulty can be imagined. However, even if there are thousands of difficulties and dangers, they cannot stop the progress of the Tarim oil people. From the drilling of Well Taco 1 in the deep ground to the completion of casing cementing operations in the third opening, the Tarim Oilfield strictly controls the operation process, solves the difficult and miscellaneous diseases in drilling, and effectively reduces the risk of casing resistance and leakage under the casing by carrying out a series of technical research on long open-eye, large-size and large-tonnage casing, so that the casing can safely pass through various formations, realize 100% qualified drilling quality indicators such as well deviation, well diameter and logging, and successfully reduce the diameter of 273The 05 mm 707 casings safely descended into the 7,856-meter-deep stratum under the difficult conditions of 710 tons of empty weight, successfully creating two records for the deepest and heaviest casing in China's onshore three-opening casing.
In the history of exploration of the Tarim Oilfield, it has not been drilled to a depth of 10,000 meters, and there is no data reference, no theoretical guidance, and no technical support. What is the situation of the strata at a depth of 9,000 meters underground, everything is full of unknowns and challenges; It is even more difficult to overcome the world-class problems brought about by high temperature and high pressure from extra-deep formations.
As of January 28, the deep Taco 1 well has been drilled to 9,708 meters, entering the most tight sprint stage. The Tarim Oilfield has "tied" supervision to the drill bit, and every meter drilled is a step closer to the target, which is also a test and challenge, and even a mental torment. "There are often blocks falling off the wall of the well, and every time the drilling rig stops, it is terrifying, and it is really half ninety miles away. Song Tonglin said that in view of a series of complex problems in the underground, the resident supervisor will work closely with the technical personnel of Party A and Party B to deeply implement the integration of engineering geology, grasp the formation "password" in a timely manner, and gather the strength of all parties to sprint to 10,000 meters to ensure that the drilling is straight, the measurement is accurate, and the play is good.
* |China Petroleum News.
Correspondents |Lan Tianzhi Zhang Long.
Photography |Wei Yinhe.
Edit |Xu Xiangfang.
Editor-in-charge |Jin Yuting.