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Recently, China has been accused of asking Iran to exert pressure to restrain Houthi attacks on merchant ships in the Red Sea region. However, China *** denied this, pointing out that the news was unfounded. In fact, China did not specifically put pressure on Iran on this issue, but in several meetings with the Iranian side, it emphasized a key issue: "If China's interests are harmed, it will affect the commercial exchanges between China and Iran." This sentence undoubtedly disappointed the United States. China's position is based on its own interests, not on responding to U.S. requests.
Judging from China's official statement, the Red Sea crisis is only a spillover manifestation of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, and resolving the Palestinian-Israeli issue is the top priority. Therefore, China did not directly respond to the demands of the United States. At the same time, the Houthis also said that they would not attack ships of countries such as China and Russia, and stressed that their actions were autonomous, not under Iranian command. It can be seen that this issue involves the interests of the United States, China, Iran and the Houthis, and the attitudes of all parties are different: the United States emphasizes that "China has agreed to their request", while China emphasizes "if China's interests are damaged"; Iran has vehemently denied being pressured by China; For their part, the Houthis emphasized their autonomy and pledged not to target ships from countries such as China and Russia.
To understand China's position on this issue, we need to be clear that it is Iran** and not the Houthis that China can exert influence. The Houthis' relationship with Iran** is mainly related to the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps. The Houthis are part of Soleimani's anti-Semitic "arc of resistance" in Yemen and have united forces such as Syrian Assad**, Lebanese Allah and Iraqi Shiite resistance. The Houthis have been at war with the Saudi side for years, and they have received much support from Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps.
However, relations between Iran** and the Houthis are not so close. In fact, although Iran claims to support the Houthis, the support received by the Houthis actually comes from the Iranian Revolutionary Guards. The two organizations are virtually parallel and independent internally, and the IRGC is subordinate to the supreme leader. Therefore, the actions of the Houthis are not under the direct command of Iran, which can only play the role of a messenger. Despite the fact that Iran** provides some level of support to the Houthis, they do not interfere with the actions of the Houthis.
Considering the special relationship between China and Iran, China has kept a certain distance in dealing with the Red Sea crisis. In response to U.S. requests, China has sent a message to the Houthis, primarily through Iran, to ensure that China's interests are not harmed. Whether the Houthis will actually restrain their actions can only be guaranteed by their self-awareness.
From a realist point of view, China does not have a particularly strong reason to accede to the U.S. request. Looking at the full picture of the Red Sea crisis, China does not have the capacity to intervene directly between the Houthis and Iran's Revolutionary Guards. Even if Iran wanted to intervene, they would not be able to control the powerful organization of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps. Today's Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps can be said to be a state within a state, and they are not subject to Iran**, so it is inaccurate to blame Iran** for the Houthi actions.
In general, China's attitude towards the Red Sea crisis is based on self-interest and keeping a distance. China did not respond directly to the request of the United States, but sent a message to the Houthis through Iran** that it would not harm China's interests. However, China's influence over the Houthis is limited and it is unable to truly intervene in the relationship between Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps and the Houthis. From a realist point of view, there is no strong reason for China to accede to the U.S. request. In general, the Red Sea crisis involves multiple interests and different attitudes, while China's position is based on consideration of its own interests.
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