As the largest ethnic group in China, the genome of the Han people also has certain special features. The following are some of the more special genetic characteristics of Han people:
Genetic diversity: Although the Han Chinese constitute the majority ethnic group in China, there is a certain diversity in the Han population at the genetic level. This is mainly due to the wide distribution of the Han Chinese population and historical migration. Studies have shown that there are certain differences at the genomic level among Han people in different geographical regions, which reflects their regional origin and historical background. In addition, Han Chinese have a lower genetic diversity compared to other populations, which may be related to historical population expansion and migration.
Disease susceptibility: Genomic differences in populations can also lead to differences in disease susceptibility. The study found that Han Chinese people have certain differences from other populations in terms of susceptibility to certain diseases. For example, the incidence of breast, lung, and stomach cancers is relatively high among Han Chinese and relatively low in other populations. This may be related to the interaction of specific genetic variants and environmental factors. Therefore, understanding the genetic characteristics of Han Chinese people is of great significance for the prevention and prevention of related diseases.
Specific Genetic Variations: Some genetic variations have been found in Han Chinese that may be due to a historical process of natural selection. For example, one study found that a subset of Han Chinese had a common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the IL-7R gene, a variant associated with the function of the T cell receptor. In addition, there are some variations that span the entire genome that are more common among Han Chinese.
Physiological characteristics: The genome of Han Chinese people is also related to their physiological characteristics. For example, the skull of the Han people is characterized by a mid-head, high cranium, and low orbit, and a blunt, smooth, and rounded jaw is more common. And the back of the head is mostly flat and not protruding. The brow bones are mostly straight, and the eye sockets are mostly flat and square. The cheekbones are sharp and close to the eye sockets, which are the most basic head and facial features of Han Chinese. In addition, the Han people have less body hair, longer body shape, wider shoulders, and black-brown eyes. These physiological traits are also closely related to the genome of the Han Chinese.