Sharing of high-yield cultivation technology of rapeseed
Rapeseed is one of the most important oil crops in China, with high economic value and social benefits. In order to improve the yield and quality of rapeseed, it is particularly important to promote high-yield rapeseed cultivation technology. In this paper, the high-yield cultivation technology of rapeseed was introduced from the aspects of variety selection, land preparation, sowing, field management, pest control and harvesting. First of all, choosing varieties suitable for local canola cultivation is the key to achieving high yields. When selecting varieties, factors such as resistance, adaptability, yield, and quality of the varieties must be considered. At the same time, it is necessary to select suitable varieties according to local soil, climate and other conditions to ensure the normal growth and development of rapeseed.
Secondly, land preparation is an important basis for planting high-yield rapeseed. Before planting, the soil must be deeply cultivated to increase the soil air permeability and water retention. At the same time, it is necessary to apply fertilizer reasonably, supplement soil nutrients, and improve soil fertility. Fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, and appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer should be applied to avoid soil compaction and environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization. Third, sowing is an important part of high-yield rapeseed cultivation. Seeds must be selected and treated before sowing to increase the germination rate and growth potential of the seeds. When sowing, the appropriate sowing time should be determined according to the characteristics of the variety and local climatic conditions, and the method of mechanical sowing or manual sowing should be adopted. The sowing density should be determined according to soil fertility and variety characteristics to ensure the normal growth and development of rapeseed.
4. Field management Field management is one of the important measures for high-yield cultivation of rapeseed. During the growth period of rapeseed, measures such as cultivating and weeding, irrigation and drainage, fertilization, and pest control must be taken in a timely manner to ensure the normal growth and development of rapeseed. At the same time, the amount of fertilizer and irrigation should be adjusted in time according to the growth of rapeseed to prevent premature aging or lodging of rapeseed due to excessive fertilization and irrigation. In the maturity period of rapeseed, it is necessary to harvest it in time to avoid overripening and reducing yield. Fifth, pest control is one of the important contents of high-yield rapeseed cultivation. During the growth period of rapeseed, it is necessary to regularly check the occurrence of pests and diseases, and take timely control measures when pests and diseases are found. Prevention and control should be based on prevention, supplemented by comprehensive prevention and control, and a combination of biological control and chemical control should be adopted. In the process of prevention and control, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling the dosage and time of medication to avoid the harm caused by pesticide damage to rapeseed and the occurrence of human and animal poisoning accidents.
Sixth, harvesting is the last link in the cultivation of rapeseed with high yields. Before harvesting, the right time must be determined based on the maturity of the rapeseed, the weather and market conditions. Harvesting should be done mechanically or manually. Mechanical harvesting must adjust the speed of movement of the harvester and the width of the cut to prevent the loss of rapeseed or the loss of quality due to mechanical failure or improper operation. After harvesting, rapeseed must be dried, threshed and stored in a timely manner to guarantee its quality and safety.