Wen Wang Xinxi.
The garbage classification, which was once a storm, has now been silent and basically stopped. What are the reasons behind this?
The initial positive willingness to sort garbage was related to the panic of the epidemic
When garbage classification was promoted in a big way, around the beginning of 2020, when the epidemic broke out, at that time, everyone had a consensus that the outbreak of the epidemic had a certain relationship with the pollution of our environment.
Therefore, in the early stage of the promotion of garbage classification, everyone was still relatively positive, when the garbage classification first began to be implemented, there was a data survey in the past, when asked "if the community has special staff or volunteers to guide and supervise garbage classification, and at the same time establish a strict punishment system, are you willing to classify", 95Nine percent of the respondents answered in the affirmative.
At that time, it was partly the sameStemming from the panic of the epidemic, everyone has a sense of environmental protection, and people believe that a clean environment is beneficial to everyone's healthTherefore, in the early stage, everyone's enthusiasm for garbage classification is still very high.
It is difficult to implement garbage classification standards, and it is difficult for garbage classification instructors and supervisors to do so for a long time
At that time, garbage was mainly divided into four main categories – waste, food waste, hazardous waste and other waste. However, in some areas, the campaign has also highlighted the distinction between dry and wet waste. Moreover, on how to define dry and wet garbage, there was once a lot of controversy and controversy.
Many members of the public have difficulties in understanding wet and dry waste. The joke "What kind of garbage are you" once swept the circle of friends. According to the questionnaire data of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, 507% of citizens believe that the biggest difficulty in sorting domestic waste in Shanghai is that the classification standards are too complicated.
It's not that many people don't want to get involved in waste sorting, but they feel confused and at a loss for what to do due to a lack of clear and unambiguous guidance. Without extensive and in-depth publicity, many people are unable to correctly grasp the classification of garbage.
The classification and classification of garbage, the definition and screening of garbage require a huge encyclopedic knowledge system, and it is difficult to find a person to guide and supervise the classification for a long time. Moreover, the income of this work is very low, and it has to be open all year round, it is difficult to supervise and guide the implementation of classification, and the standards are not clear, and it is easy to conflict, and few people are willing to do it for a long time.
In addition, garbage sorting is more advocated than supervised, and residents' willingness to sort is not high
I don't classify or not, and no one cares anyway. ”，Since the development of garbage classification, it has always been only advocating garbage classification, and there were still people supervising it at the beginning, but then the cost was too high, and it was not really implemented, and it was more advocacy.
For individuals, the long-term implementation of garbage classification adds a lot of trouble, coupled with the lack of supervision, so this kind of thing is not over.
Garbage classification needs to set up multiple garbage cans, and many community supporting facilities are not perfect, and there are no classified garbage cans, which also makes it difficult to implement garbage classification in many communities.
There is no detailed standard and treatment plan for how to dispose of garbage after classification
After the classification of garbage, the essence is to classify all kinds of garbage and utilize, butMany communities do not have classified garbage collection vehicles, and the same is true for garbage collection and transportation systems, many garbage are sorted and all poured into garbage collection trucks, and then all poured into the same storage container.
This is still the garbage of residents in urban communities, and if it is a village or county, the garbage cannot be sorted and transported.
After sorting, all the sorting bins are poured into the same garbage collection truck, which means that the garbage classification is done in vain, and it is poured into the same vehicle regardless of the division, and it will still be mixed in the end, and there is no planning and standard for garbage disposal, so what is the meaning of classification?
The public underestimated the time and patience of garbage sorting
In fact, in the second half of 2021, garbage classification is basically difficult to implement. In 2022, it will basically be abandoned, so the public still underestimates the time consumption and patience of garbage sorting, because from the time each garbage is generated, it is divided into categories, repackaged, and then thrown away. The resulting time here adds up to 5 to 10 minutes. Don't underestimate these 5 10 minutes, five minutes for hundreds of millions of families together is an astronomical number.
The most effective way is to be handled by professional and specialized people, this is an economic account, and after a long time, many people are reluctant to do this because they are troublesome.
Lack of profit-driven mechanisms
At that time, due to the epidemic, everyone's economic income was affected, but garbage sorting increased people's living costs without bringing any benefits.
As early as 2022, there was a topic of "I want to go to Denmark to pick up bottles" on the hot search, and someone ** said that his predecessor often went out with colleagues to pick up bottles on weekends when he was in Copenhagen and made a lot of money.
Weibo shows a blogger who got a total of 78 after putting 42 bottles into the machine in a Danish supermarket5 CZK cashback (approximately 73 RMB). And Sweden usually has a bottle ** at 07 yuan-25 yuan, Denmark usually a bottle at 1 yuan-3 yuan. This **, the number is large, and the cumulative income is considerable.
In many public places in Northern Europe, such as shops, offices, cafes, and restaurants, there are ** machines. In the eyes of the Nordics, recycling old packaging is much more environmentally friendly than reproducing it, reducing energy consumption by 95% and being sustainable. This is actually a profit-driven mechanism for garbage classification.
In China, in addition to the circular economy enterprises themselves, the upstream and downstream of garbage **, including garbage removal and transportation links, have no income, although it is a gesture for individuals, but it is time-consuming and laborious, there is no intuitive benefit, and everyone's willingness to classify is gradually not high, and finally quietly give up.
Reflection on the failure of garbage classification: the labor cost and time cost are high, but the upstream and downstream lack a profit-driven mechanism
In general, garbage separation requires more time and more manpower, but without a corresponding sorting collection and treatment system, it will still be mixed in the end, making people lose sight of the meaning of garbage sorting.
In the absence of encouraging policies, people can not get intuitive benefits in the process of garbage classification, the entire upstream and downstream links of the garbage classification industry chain, have not mobilized everyone's enthusiasm through the interest-driven mechanism or business model, in general, garbage classification as a public welfare activity, more rely on personal social responsibility and environmental awareness to promote.
The operation of the garbage classification industry chain is difficult to sustain if it relies on residents to work for free for garbage enterprises for a long time.
In fact, from the perspective of Japan, Northern Europe and other countries, the commercialization of the garbage sorting industry chain and ensuring the profitability of the industrial chain are the driving forces to solve the sustainable operation of garbage classification. Because the meaning of garbage classification is actually to serve the back-end of garbage disposal.
From the point of view of the garbage mechanism in Denmark and other Nordic countries, garbage classification can still have a business model to monetize - for example, you can place a machine at the garbage sorting point, so that a third-party enterprise can participate in the operation, and the garbage such as bottles, cans, cartons, etc. of various beverages can be evaluated by the machine and earn income on the spot.
Through the innovation of this business model, residents can sort garbage and monetize useful things at the site, and the enthusiasm for sorting will be widely mobilized.
The core of the success of garbage sorting is driven by the monetization mechanism of commercial interests, which will also promote the final sustainability of garbage classification into a long-term consensus that is sustainable and direct to the hearts of the people. This may be the direction that can be considered for restarting garbage classification in the future.
Author: Wang Xinxi, TMT Senior Commentator This article is rejected without permission**.