Doing a good job in the recent management of bayberry trees is the key to ensure that bayberry increases fruit shape, improves quality, reduces preharvest fruit drop, and improves the fruit setting rate in small years. There are two main measures: Bayberry planting technology: bayberry planting technology Bayberry cultivation method Bayberry planting technology and management Apply strong fruit and shoot fertilizer The fertilization time is from the end of April to the beginning of May. Fertilizers should be potassium-containing fast-acting fertilizers, such as potassium sulfate. Use as little or no potassium chloride as possible. According to the size of the canopy and the strength of the tree, 05-1 kg. When fertilizing, a shallow ditch 20-30 cm wide is opened near the drip line of the canopy and fertilizer is applied.
Control of pests and diseases Bayberry diseases are mainly brown spot and red coat disease, and insect pests are mainly moths and scale insects. Specific prevention and control measures:
Bayberry brown spot disease: from the end of April to the beginning of mid-May, the bayberry growing season was sprayed with 600-800 times of 50% carbendazim, or 800-1000 times of 70% methyl tobuzin, or 65% mancozeb wettable powder 600 times, sprayed once every 10 days, a total of 2 sprays.
Bayberry red coat disease: April to July every year is the onset period of the disease, at this time, according to the temperature, choose 20% Tattoo Dake (or Kill Wither) 1000-1500 times liquid spray, spray once every 23-30 days, a total of 3-4 sprays. Bayberry caterpillars, small moths and leaf moths: mainly for the damage to the young leaves of new shoots, when the larvae are found to be infested, spray with 48% Lesben EC 1000 times, or 40% insect emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times, or 20% pyrethrin EC 2000 times. At the same time, insect cysts are manually removed from young trees.
Scale insects: When scale insects are seriously infested, they should be sprayed with 1500 times of 40% rapid culling emulsifiable concentrate or 1000 times of 35% crack emulsifiable concentrate from May to June to kill the first generation of scale insects. Special tips: Bayberry planted on the deep and fertile soil plot, if it is allowed to grow naturally, there will be excessive vegetative growth, resulting in most of the nutrients of the tree body being consumed by the growth of branches and leaves, resulting in the formation of flower buds less or difficult to form, the tree body into the fruiting period late or low yield and other phenomena. How to prevent the occurrence of these phenomena, the following four methods are for reference.
1. Control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and appropriately increase the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. At the end of June to the beginning of July, when applying fruit fertilizer, 10-15 kg of plant ash and 0 superphosphate can be applied per plant5 kg, or compound fertilizer 1-15 kg.
2. Root cutting treatment. In late summer and early autumn, a 30-40 cm deep furrow near the drip line of the canopy can inhibit the growth of branches and promote fruiting.
3. Circumcision. Large shoots are circumcised in April (at the end of flowering and before the first physiological fruit drop) in which the cortex is cut off without being peeled.
4. Apply paclobutrazol to the tree tray soil. From early October to mid-March of the following year, about 100 grams of paclobutrazol were applied per large tree and about 50 grams per small tree. This is done by peeling away the soil within the canopy (to a depth of fine roots). After mixing paclobutrazol with a small amount of fine soil, sprinkle it evenly under the tree tray and cover the soil. After paclobutrazol soil is applied, it can be applied again after 4-5 years.
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