A turbidity meter is an instrument used to measure the concentration of suspended solid particles in a fluid. In industrial production and environmental monitoring, turbidity analyzers are widely used in water quality monitoring, wastewater treatment, drinking water testing and other fields. This article will introduce the principle of turbidity analyzer and the commonly used measurement methods.
Turbidity refers to the degree to which suspended particles scatter light in a liquid, and is generally used to measure the concentration of suspended particles in a liquid. The principle of a turbidity analyzer is based on the characteristics of scattered light. When light hits the particles in the turbid fluid, the particles scatter the light. In this case, a portion of the scattered light falls on the receiver of the turbidity meter, and the concentration of particles in the turbidity solution can be indirectly calculated by measuring the intensity of the received scattered light.
There are two main principles of turbidity analyzer: light scattering method and light absorption method. The light scattering method uses the scattering characteristics of light by particles in the turbid solution to determine the concentration, while the light absorption method determines the concentration by measuring the absorption of light by the particles in the turbid solution.
The principle of turbidity determination by light scattering method is relatively common, and the concentration of turbidity can be obtained by measuring the intensity of scattered light according to the relationship between the intensity of scattered light and the concentration of particles. The light absorption method is to judge the concentration according to the degree of light absorption by the particles, and pay attention to the dilution of the turbidity when measuring the turbidity, so as to avoid the high concentration of particles resulting in excessive light absorption, which affects the accuracy of the measurement results.
There are two main methods of turbidity determination commonly used, which are colorimetric and scattering. The colorimetric method is to determine the concentration by comparing the difference in light absorption between the turbid liquid and the standard sample, and the common colorimetric tester uses a light source to irradiate the light detector at the same time after passing the standard ** time and the liquid to be measured, and calculates the concentration according to the difference in light intensity between the two.
The scattering method calculates the concentration by detecting the intensity of the scattered light in the turbidity solution, which can be divided into direct method and diffraction method. The direct method is to measure the intensity of light scattered by turbidity, and calculate the concentration by measuring the difference in light intensity in the angle of light scattering and the direction of reception; The diffraction method uses the diffraction of particles to determine the concentration, and calculates the particle concentration by measuring the scattering angle and scattering intensity.
The use of the turbidity analyzer is relatively simple, and it is first necessary to select the appropriate measurement principle and method according to the properties of the liquid to be measured. Then, place the liquid sample to be measured in the turbidity meter and follow the instrument instructions. During the measurement process, it is necessary to pay attention to maintaining the stability of the measurement environment and avoiding the influence of light interference and external factors. At the same time, in order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results, it is necessary to calibrate the turbidity analyzer, that is, to use a standard sample for calibration, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the determination.